精品BBC美丽中国英文字幕word第二集.docx
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精品BBC美丽中国英文字幕word第二集
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Beneathbillowingclouds,
inChina'sfarsouthwesternYunnanprovince,
liesaplaceofmysteryandlegend.
Ofmightyriversandsomeof
theoldestjunglesintheworld.
Here,hiddenvalleysnurturestrange
anduniquecreatures,
andcolourfultribalcultures.
Junglesarerarelyfoundthis
farnorthofthetropics.
So,whydotheythrivehere?
Andhowhasthisruggedlandscapecometoharbour
thegreatestnaturalwealthinallChina?
IntheremotesouthwestcornerofChina,
acelebrationisabouttotakeplace.
Daipeoplecollectwaterfor
themostimportantfestivaloftheiryear.
TheDaicallthemselvesthepeopleofthewater.
Yunnan'srivervalleyshavebeentheirhome
forover,years.
Bybringingtheriverwatertothetemple,
theyhonourthetwothingsholiesttothem-
Buddhismandtheirhome.
TheDaigivethanksfortheriversandfertile
landswhichhavenurturedtheirculture.
Thoughtosomeitmightseemjustanexcuse
forthebiggestwaterfightofalltime.
Dailivesarechanging
astownsgetbiggerandmodernize
buttheWaterSplashingFestival
isstillcelebratedbyall.
Theriverswhichlieattheheartof
Dailifeandculture
flowfromthedistantmountainsofTibet,
southwardthroughcentralYunnan
ingreatparallelgorges.
TheDainowliveinthebordersoftropical
VietnamandLaos,
buttheirlegendstellof
howtheirancestorscamehere
byfollowingtheriversfrommountainlands
inthecoldfarnorth.
LyingatthefareasternendoftheHimalayas,
theHengduanmountainsformYunnan's
northernborderwithTibet.
Kawakarpo,crownoftheHengduanrange,
isasiteofholypilgrimage.
Yet,itsformidablepeakremainsunconquered.
Yunnan'smountainsareremote,
ruggedandinaccessible.
Heretheairisthinandtemperatures
candropbelowminusdegrees.
Thisishometoananimalthat'sfound
nowhereelseonEarth.
TheYunnansnub-nosedmonkey.
It'sfoundonlyinthesefew
isolatedmountainforests.
Nootherprimatelivesatsuchhighaltitudes.
butthesearetruespecialists.
Theseancientmountaindwellers
haveinspiredlegends.
LocalLisupeopleconsiderthemtheirancestors,
callingthem"thewildmenofthemountains".
Duringheavysnowfalls,
eventhesespecialistscannotfeed.
Itseemsastrangeplaceforamonkey.
Betweensnows,themonkeyswaste
notimeintheirsearchforfood.
Atthisaltitude,
therearefewfruitsortenderleavestoeat.
%oftheirdietismadeupof
thefinedrywispsofacuriousorganism.
Halffungus,halfplant-
it'slichen.
Howhavemonkeys,
normallyassociatedwithlowlandjungle,
cometolivesucha
remotemountainexistence?
Thisisnottheonlyremarkable
animalfoundwithinthese
isolatedhighpeaks.
AChineseredpanda.
Solitaryandquiet,itspendsmuch
ofitstimeinthetreetops.
Despiteitsname,
theredpandaisonlyaverydistant
relativeofthegiantpanda.
It'sactuallymoreclosely
relatedtoaskunk.
Butitdoessharethegiant
panda'stasteforbamboo.
SouthwestChina'sredpandasare
knownfortheirverystrong
facialmarkings
whichdistinguish
themfromredpandasfound
anywhereelseintheHimalayas.
Likethemonkeys,theywere
isolatedinthesehighforests
whenthemountainsquite
literallyrosebeneaththem
inthegreatestmountain-building
eventinrecentgeologicalhistory.
Overthelastmillionyears,
theIndiansubcontinenthasbeen
pushingnorthwardsintoEurasia.
OntheborderbetweenIndiaandTibet
therockshavebeenraised
eightkilometresabovesealevel,
creatingtheworld'shighest
mountainrange,theHimalayas.
Buttotheeast,
therockshavebuckledintoaseries
ofsteepnorth-southridges,
cuttingdownthroughthe
heartofYunnan,
theparallelmountainsof
theHengduanShan.
Thesenaturalbarriersserveto
isolateYunnan'splantsandanimals
ineachadjacentvalley.
Whilethehugetemperature
rangebetweenthesnowypeaks
andthewarmerslopesbelow
providesavastarrayof
conditionsforlifetothrive.
Throughspring,
theHengduanslopesstageoneof
China'sgreatestnaturalspectacles.
Theforestshereareamongthemost
diversebotanicalareasintheworld.
Over,plantspeciesgrowhere,
ofwhich,arefound
nowhereelse.
Untillittlemorethanacenturyago,
thisplacewasunknownoutsideChina.
ButthennewsreachedtheWest
ofamysterious,hidden
worldoftheorient.
Hiddenamongthemountains,
alostShangri-laparadise.
Westernhighsociety,inthegrip
ofagardeningcraze,
waseagerforexoticspecies
fromfarawayplaces.
Thisgaverisetoanew
breedofcelebrityadventurers,
intrepidbotanist-explorers
knownas"thePlantHunters".
YunnanbecametheirHolyGrail.
IndianaJones
ThemostfamouswasJosephRock,
areallifeIndianaJones.
Remarkablefilmfootagecapturedhis
entourageonaseriesofexpeditions,
astheypushedintothe
deepestcornersofYunnan.
Ingloriouscolourherecorded
theplantlifehefound
onspecialphotographicglassplates.
Sendingthousandsof
specimensbacktotheWest,
thePlantHunterschangedthe
gardensoftheworldforever.
Rock'ssuccesswasborn
ofamassiveeffort.
For,tofindhisShangri-la,
notonlyhadhetotraverse
endlessmountainranges,
butsomeofthedeepest
gorgesintheworld.
TheNujiangiscalled
TheAngryRiver.
This-kilometrestretch
ofragingrapids
isasmuchabarriertolife
asarethemountainsabove.
WAVESCRASH
Buttheplanthuntersweren'tthe
firstpeopletotravelhere.
AlongtheNujiang,
lessthanropecrossingsallow
localspassageacrossthetorrents.
Tinyhamletsclingtotheslopes.
Thismorning,it'smarketday,
drawingpeoplefromup
anddownthevalley.
PIGOINKS
GOATBLEATS
Hangingfromsimpleropeslings,
peoplehavebeenusingthecrossings
formanyhundredsofyears.
Insuchnarrow,precipitousgorges
it'sbyfartheeasiest
waytogetaround.
Onceacross,thesteep
sidesmeanit'sstillahike.
Manytrekforhoursby
footbeforetheygettothemarket.
Theimmensevalleyis
hometooveradozenethnicgroups.
Some,liketheNupeople,
arefoundonlyhere.
Themarketsbringthe
mountaintribestogether.
Tocontinuehisexpeditions,
Rockhadtogethisentireentourage
acrossthegiantYunnanrivers.
Hecommissionedespeciallythick
ropesmadefromforestrattan
andfilmedtheentireevent.
Withyakbuttertosmooththeride,
menandmulesmadethejourney.
Notallmadeitacross.
Onthefarsideofthe
greatNujianggorge,
thePlantHunters
madearemarkablediscovery.
Farfromthetropics,
theyseemedtobeenteringasteamy,
vibranttropicaljungle,
theforestofGaoligongshan.
Theflorahereisunlike
anywhereelseintheworld.
Nexttosubtropicalspecies,
alpineplantsgrowingiantform.
Crowningthecanopy,rhododendrons,
uptometreshigh.
InAprilandMay,theirflowers
turntheforestsrubyred,
attractingbirdspecies
foundonlyhere.
Constantmoistureintheair
meansthatthebranchesareladen
withfloweringepiphytes,
fiercelyguardedbytinysunbirds,
uniquetothesevalleys.
Nectarfeeders,thesearethehumming
birdsoftheOldWorldtropics.
TheforestsofGaoligongshanarehome
tosomeofChina'srarestwildlife.
ThisisafemaleTemminck'sTragopan.
Shehasacolourfulmaleadmirer.
He'shopingtowooherwithhis
peculiarpeekaboodisplay
butshe'snotabouttoberushed.
Hiscolourfulskinwattle
reflectsmorelightthanfeathersdo.
Toher,thisislikeaneonsign.
Seeinghischance,
themalemakeshismove.
Constantmoisturein
theGaoligongshanforests
meansthatthroughouttheyear
therearealwaysfruitsonthetrees.
Suchabundanceoffoodencourages
ahighdiversityoffruiteaters
morecommonlyfoundinthetropics.
Theblackgiantsquirrelisfound
onlyinundisturbedrainforest.
Atclosetoametreinlength,it's
oneoftheworld'slargestsquirrels.
Themysteryisthattheseforests
aregrowingwelloutsidethetropics.
Byrights,noneofthisjungle,
oritsanimals,shouldbehere.
Thesearebearmacaques.
They'refoundonlyin
tropicalandsub-tropicaljungle.
Withatinyhomerangeof
justafewsquarekilometres,
theydependontheabundantfruit
thatonlytruerainforests
canprovideallyearround.
TotheEuropeanplanthunters,
thesenorthernrainforestsmusthave
seemedafantasticand
mysteriouslostworld.
Yet,whentheycamehere,theywould
havefoundbeautifullyconstructed
ancientstonepathways
onwhichtheforest
couldbeexplored.
Windingwestwardsintothehills,
thesewereoncesomeofthemost
importanthighwaysinAsia,
thesouthwesternteaandsilkroad.
Builtthousandsofyearsago,
thesouthwesternteaandsilkroad
gaveaccesstotheworld
beyondChina'sborders,
carryingtradesmenandtravellers
fromasfarawayasRome.
Warswerefoughtoveraccess
tothistinypath,
theonlysureroutein
oroutofChina,
thatwasguaranteedto
beclearofsnowallyearround.
So,whatcausesGaoligongshan's
strangeandremarkableclimate?
InlateMay,gustsofwindarrive,
bringingwiththemthekeyto
Gaoligongshan'smystery.
Thewindsarehot
andsaturatedwithwater.
Theycomealltheway
fromtheIndianOcean.
ChannelledbyYunnan's
uniquegeography,
theybringwiththemthe
moistureofthetropicalmonsoon.
Thegiantrivervalleys,
createdmillionsofyearsago,
actlikeimmensefunnels.
Thegorgesaresodeepandnarrow,
thatthemoistwarmairisdriven
rightupintothenorthofYunnan.
Theresultisrain,intorrents!
Fourmonthsofdailyrainstorms
sustainluxuriantvegetation.
Thearrivalofthemonsoon
awakensoneoftheforest's
mostextraordinary
moisture-lovinginhabitants.
Thecrocodilenewtisoneof
themostunusua
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