英语六级真题及答案第三套.docx

英语六级真题及答案第三套.docx

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英语六级真题及答案第三套

2021年6月英语六级真题及答案〔第三套〕

PartIWriting（30minutes）

Directions:

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayontheimportanceofbuildingtrustbetweenbusinessesandconsumers.Youcanciteexamplestoillustrateyourviews.Youshouldwriteatleast150wordsbutnomorethan200words.

TheImportanceofBuildingTrustBetweenBusinessesandConsumersToday,inthecontextofthiserafeaturedbyincreasingcommercializationanddigitalization,mutually-trustedrelationsbetweenbusinessesandconsumersappeartobeparticularlyimportant.

Asformebusinessesshouldtakealeadingroleinestablishingthetrustrelationship:

tobehonestwiththeirconsumers.Firstly,ifabusinesshasadishonestattitudetowarditscustomers,thecustomerswilllackpurchasingconfidenceinitsgoodsorservices,whichwillbringhugeeconomiclosstothebusiness.What'sworse,theadversesideeffectofsuchdishonestycanendangerthebusinessanditisimpossibletorecover.ThecollapseofSanluMilkPowderCompanyisatestamenttothis.Moreover,theincidentofpoisonousmilkhasexerteddevastatingconsequencesonthewholemilkpowdermarket.Besides,becauseoftheproliferationofcounterfeitgoods,moreconsumersloseconfidenceindomesticproducts,andthentheyhavenoalternativebuttoresorttoforeignbrands,whichisonereasonwhycross-borderonlineshoppingisgainingmoreandmorepopularityinChina.

Therefore,itishightimeforustostrengthentheimportanceofmaintainingtrustbetweenbusinessesandconsumerstopromotethehealthydevelopmenttofthewholesocialeconomy.

PartIIListeningComprehension（30minutes）

说明：

由于2021年6月六级考试全国共考了两套听力，本套真题听力与前2套内容一样，只是选项顺序不同，因此在本套真题中不再重复出现。

PartIIIReadingComprehension（40minutes）

SectionA

Directions:

Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecenter.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.

DidSarahJosephaHalewrite"Mary'sLittleLamb,"theeternalnurseryrhyme（儿歌）aboutagirlnamedMarywithastubbornlamb?

Thisisstilldisputed,butit'sclearthatthewoman26forwritingitwasoneofAmerica'smostfascinating27.Inhonorofthepoem'spublicationonMay24,1830,here'smoreaboutthe28author'slife.

Halewasn'tjustawriter,shewasalsoa29socialadvocate,andshewasparticularly30withanidealNewEngland,whichsheassociatedwithabundantThanksgivingmealsthatsheclaimedhad"adeepmoralinfluence."Shebegananationwide31tohaveanationalholidaydeclaredthatwouldbringfamiliestogetherwhilecelebratingthe32festivals.In1863,after17yearsofadvocacyincludingletterstofivepresidents,Halegotit.PresidentAbrahamLincoln,duringtheCivilWar,issueda33settingasidethelastThursdayinNovemberfortheholiday.

Thetrueauthorshipof"Mary'sLittleLamb"isdisputed.AccordingtotheNewEnglandHistoricalSociety,Halewroteonlypartofthepoem,butclaimedauthorship.Regardlessoftheauthor,itseemsthatthepoemwas34byarealevent.WhenyoungMarySawyerwasfollowedtoschoolbyalambin1816,itcausedsomeproblems.AbystandernamedJohnRoulstonewroteapoemabouttheevent,then,atsomepoint,Haleherselfseemstohavehelpedwriteit.

However,ifa1916piecebyhergreat-nieceistobetrusted,Haleclaimedforthe35ofherlifethat"someotherpeoplepretendedthatsomeoneelsewrotethepoem".

A）campaign

B）career

C）characters

D）features

E）fierce

F）inspired

G）latter

H）obsessed

I）proclamation

J）rectified

K）reputed

L）rest

M）supposed

N）traditional

O）versatile

SectionB

Directions:

Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.

GrowPlantsWithoutWater

A）Eversincehumanitybegantofarmourownfood,we’vefacedtheunpredictablerainthatisbothfriendandenemy.Itcomesandgoeswithoutmuchwarning,andafieldoflush（茂盛的）leafygreensoneyearcandryupandblowawaythenext.Foodsecurityandfortunesdependonsufficientrain,andnowheremoresothaninAfrica,where96%offarmlanddependsonraininsteadoftheirrigationcommoninmoredevelopedplaces.Ithasconsequences:

SouthAfrica'songoingdrought—theworstinthreedecades—willcostatleastaquarterofitscorncropthisyear.

B）BiologistJillFarrantoftheUniversityofCapeTowninSouthAfricasaysthatnaturehasplentyofanswersforpeoplewhowanttogrowcropsinplaceswithunpredictablerainfall.Sheishardatworkfindingawaytotaketraitsfromrarewildplantsthatadapttoextremedryweatherandusetheminfoodcrops.Astheearth'sclimatechangesandrainfallbecomesevenlesspredictableinsomeplaces,thoseanswerswillgrowevenmorevaluable."ThetypeoffarmingI'maimingforisliterallysothatpeoplecansurviveasit'sgoingtogetmoreandmoredry,"Farrantsays.

C）Extremeconditionsproduceextremelytoughplants.IntherustyreddesertsofSouthAfrica,steep-sidedrockyhillscalledinselbergsrearupfromtheplainslikethebonesoftheearth.Thehillsareremnantsofanearliergeologicalera,scrapedbareofmostsoilandexposedtotheelements.Yetontheseandsimilarformationsindesertsaroundtheworld,afewfierceplantshaveadaptedtoendureunderever-changingconditions.

D）Farrantcallsthemresurrectionplants（复苏植物）.Duringmonthswithoutwaterunderaharshsun,theywither,shrinkandcontractuntiltheylooklikeapileofdeadgrayleaves.Butrainfallcanrevivetheminamatterofhours.Hertime-lapse（间歇性拍摄的）videosoftherevivalslooklikesomeoneplayingatapeoftheplant'sdeathinreverse.

E）Thebigdifferencebetween"drought-tolerant"plantsandthesetoughplants:

metabolism.Manydifferentkindsofplantshavedevelopedtacticstoweatherdryspells.Someplantsstorereservesofwatertoseethemthroughadrought;otherssendrootsdeepdowntosubsurfacewatersupplies.Butoncetheseplantsuseuptheirstoredreserveortapouttheundergroundsupply,theyceasegrowingandstarttodie.Theymaybeabletohandleadroughtofsomelength,andmanypeopleusetheterm"droughttolerant"todescribesuchplants,buttheyneveractuallystopneedingtoconsumewater,soFarrantpreferstocallthemdroughtresistant.

F）Resurrectionplants,definedasthosecapableofrecoveringfromholdinglessthan0.1gramsofwaterpergramofdrymass,aredifferent.Theylackwater-storingstructures,andtheirexistenceonrockfacespreventsthemfromtappinggroundwater,sotheyhaveinsteaddevelopedtheabilitytochangetheirmetabolism.Whentheydetectanextendeddryperiod,theydiverttheirmetabolisms,producingsugarsandcertainstress-associatedproteinsandothermaterialsintheirtissues.Astheplantdries,theseresourcestakeonfirstthepropertiesofhoney,thenrubber,andfinallyenteraglass-likestatethatis"themoststablestatethattheplantcanmaintain,"Farrantsays.Thatslowstheplant'smetabolismandprotectsitsdried-outtissues.Theplantsalsochangeshape,shrinkingtominimizethesurfaceareathroughwhichtheirremainingwatermightevaporate.Theycanrecoverfrommonthsandyearswithoutwater,dependingonthespecies.

G）Whatelsecandothisdry-out-and-revivetrick?

Seeds—almostallofthem.Atthestartofhercareer,Farrantstudied"recalcitrantseeds（顽拗性种子）,"suchasavocados,coffeeandlychee.Whiletasty,suchseedsaredelicate—theycannotbudandgrowiftheydryout（asyoumayknowifyou'veevertriedtogrowatreefromanavocadopit）.Intheseedworld,thatmakesthemrare,becausemostseedsfromfloweringplantsarequiterobust.Mostseedscanwaitoutthedry,unwelcomingseasonsuntilconditionsarerightandtheysprout（发芽）.Yetoncetheystartgrowing,suchplantsseemnottoretaintheabilitytohitthepausebuttononmetabolismintheirstemsorleaves.

H）AftercompletingherPh.D.onseeds,Farrantbeganinvestigatingwhetheritmightbepossibletoisolatethepropertiesthatmakemostseedssoresilient（迅速恢复活力的）andtransferthemtootherplanttissues.WhatFarrantandothershavefoundoverthepasttwodecadesisthattherearemanygenesinvolvedinresurrectionplants'responsetodryness.Manyofthemarethesamethatregulatehowseedsbecomedryness-tolerantwhilestillattachedtotheirparentplants.Nowtheyaretryingtofigureoutwhatmolecularsignalingprocessesactivatethoseseed-buildinggenesinresurrectionplants—andhowtoreproducethemincrops."Mostgenesareregulatedbyamastersetofgenes,"Farrantsays."We'relookingatgenepromotersandwhatwouldbetheirmasterswitch."

I）OnceFarrantandhercolleaguesfeeltheyhaveabettersenseofwhichswitchestothrow,theywillhavetofindthebestwaytodosoinusefulcrops."I'mtryingthreemethodsofbreeding,"Farrantsays:

conventional,geneticmodificationandgeneediting.Shesayssheisawarethatplentyofpeopledonotwanttoeatgeneticallymodifiedcrops,butsheispushingaheadwitheveryavailabletooluntiloneworks.Farmersandconsumersalikecanchoosewhetherornottousewhicheverversionprevails：

"I'mgivingpeopleanoption."