如何创建和使用Runnable Jar File.docx
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如何创建和使用RunnableJarFile
RunnableJarPackage
Contents
1,Forprojectwithoutreferencedjarfiles
Method1
Method2（thismethodhelpsyouunderstandthestructureofjarfile）
2,Forprojectwithreferencedjarfiles
Introduction
Mathod1
Method2
Method3
Method4（thismethodhelpsyouunderstandthestructureofjarfile）
Note:
Youwillseemanytext“backtotop”inthisdocument,itonlyhelpsyoujumptocontentspart,doesnothaveanyrealmeaning.
1,Forprojectwithoutreferencedjarfiles:
Method1
Amostsimpleprojectwhichprints“HelloWorld!
”:
publicclassHello{
publicstaticvoidmain（String[]args）{
System.out.println（"HelloWorld!
"）;
}
}
Right-clickon“src”,select“Export”,thenselectJava/JARfie
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Specifythepathofthenewcreatedjarfile:
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NextNext
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Finish
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Seewhatwehaveinfoldertest:
Seethecontentof“MANIFEST.MF”
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Method2（thismethodhelpsyouunderstandthestructureofjarfile）
Step1:
Createatextfile,renameitto“Hello.java”,whichsimplyprints“HelloWorld!
”:
publicclassHello{
publicstaticvoidmain（String[]args）{
System.out.println（"HelloWorld!
"）;
}
}
Step2:
Compileitusingjavac.exe,andwegetHello.class,
Delete“Hello.java”,becausewedon'tneeditanymore:
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Step3:
Move“Hello.class”tofolder“test”
Step4:
Createanewfoldercalled“META-INF”infolder“test”
Step5:
Createanewtextfilecalled“MANIFEST.MF”infolder“META-INF”
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Step6:
Editfile“MANIFEST.MF”,addanewline:
Main-Class:
Hello
Note:
alinebreakisnecessaryattheendofaboveline.
Abovepictureshowsthecorrectinput,
Followingpictureshowsthewronginput:
Difference:
positionofthecursor.
Inanotherword,afterinput“Main-Class:
Hello”inthefile,weneedhit“Enter”keytoinputanewline,whichisnecessary!
Step7:
Run“jarcvfma.jarMETA-INF/MANIFEST.MF.”indirectoryof“test”togetjarfile.
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Note:
thedotisnecessary,itmeanscurrentdirectory.
Byabovecommand,wegetfollowingexecutablejarfile:
a.jar
Step8:
Runthejarpackageby“java–jar”
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Question:
Whatwillhappenifwedon'tinputanewlineinstep6?
Answer:
Wewillgetfollowingerror:
2,Forprojectwithreferencedjarfiles:
Introduction
Thisprojectiscalledtest,thecodeislikebelow:
packagecom.t;
importcom.person.Person;
publicclassHello{
publicstaticvoidmain（String[]args）{
Personperson=newPerson（）;
person.setName（args[0]）;
person.setGender（args[1]）;
person.setAge（Integer.parseInt（args[2]））;
System.out.println（"Hello!
\nname:
"+person.getName（）+"\ngender:
"+person.getGender（）+"\nage:
"+person.getAge（））;
}
}
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Itrequiredanotherlibrarycalledperson.jar
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Codeinproject“person”:
packagecom.person;
publicclassPerson{
privateStringname=null;
privateStringgender=null;
privateintage=0;
publicStringgetName（）{
returnname;
}
publicvoidsetName（Stringname）{
this.name=name;
}
publicStringgetGender（）{
returngender;
}
publicvoidsetGender（Stringgender）{
this.gender=gender;
}
publicintgetAge（）{
returnage;
}
publicvoidsetAge（intage）{
this.age=age;
}
}
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Weneedmakearunnablejarpackage:
Myeclipseversion:
EclipseJavaEEIDEforWebDevelopers.
Version:
HeliosServiceRelease2
Buildid:
20110218-0911
（c）CopyrightEclipsecontributorsandothers2005,2011.Allrightsreserved.
Visithttp:
//www.eclipse.org/webtools
Mathod1
Step1
Right-clickon“src”Export
Step2
Select“RunnableJARFile”Next
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Step3
Specifyexportdestination:
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Finish
Select“OK”
ThenwegettheJARfileinthespecifiedpath:
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Step4
Run“java-jartest.jartimmale31”indirectory“C:
\Tim”
Result:
succeed
Step5
Extracttest.jartofoldertest,andcheckwhatareinit
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Contentof“MANIFEST.MF”:
Manifest-Version:
1.0
Class-Path:
.
Main-Class:
com.t.Hello
Method2
Step1:
thesameasMethod1
Step2:
thesameasMethod1
Step3
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Step4
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Result:
alsosucceed
Step5
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Contentof“MANIFEST.MF”
Manifest-Version:
1.0
Rsrc-Class-Path:
./person.jar
Class-Path:
.
Rsrc-Main-Class:
com.t.Hello
Main-Class:
org.eclipse.jdt.internal.jarinjarloader.JarRsrcLoader
Method3
Step1:
thesameasMethod1
Step2:
thesameasMethod1
Step3
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Asyoucansee,inadditionto“test.jar”,anewfolderiscreated:
“test_lib”
Step4
Result:
alsosucceed
Step5
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Contentof“MANIFEST.MF”:
Manifest-Version:
1.0
Class-Path:
.test_lib/person.jar
Main-Class:
com.t.Hello
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Method4（thismethodhelpsyouunderstandthestructureofjarfile）
Step1:
thesameasMethod1
Step2
Select“JARFile”insteadof“RunnableJARFile”
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Step3
NextNext
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Step4
Butwhenwerunit,we`llgetanerror:
“NoClassDefFoundError”
Why?
Afteryouseestep5,youwillunderstand
Step5
Checkthecontentoftest.jar,extractittofolder“test”first
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Contentof“MANIFEST.MF”:
Manifest-Version:
1.0
Main-Class:
com.t.Hello
Asyoucansee,
Thereisnoperson.jarinthetest.jar
ThereisalsonoClass-Pathdefinitionin“MANIFEST.MF”.
Thisiswhythemainclasscannotfindclass“Person”
Whatisthesolution?
SeeStep6please:
Step6
Exportproject“person”toaJARfile:
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Sonow,wehavetwojarfiles,seeabovepicture.
Createanewfoldercalled“all”,movethetwojarfileintofolder“all”
Right-clickon“test.jar”,extracthere
Note:
compressiontoolsuchas“winrar”isneeded.
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Delete“test.jar”
Backupfile“C:
\Tim\all\META-INF\MANIFEST.MF”tootherplace.
Thecontentofwhichis:
Manifest-Version:
1.0
Main-Class:
com.t.Hello
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Right-clickon“person.jar”,extracthere
Whenyouareaskedifreplaceexistingfiles,select“YestoAll”
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Delete“person.jar”
Checkcontentof“C:
\Tim\all\META-INF\MANIFEST.MF”again:
Manifest-Version:
1.0
Herewecansee,thekeypart（definitionofMain-Class）isnotinMANIFEST.MFanymore.
Replacefile“C:
\Tim\all\META-INF\MANIFEST.MF”withthebackedupone.
Therefore,wehaveMain-ClassdefinitioninfileMANIFEST.MFagain:
Manifest-Version:
1.0
Main-Class:
com.t.Hello
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Run“jarcvfmnewtest.jarmeta-inf/manifest.mf.”indirectory“all”:
AndnowwehaveanewJARfilecalled“newtest.jar”:
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Runthejarfileindirectory“all”:
Succeedagain.
Now,let`sseethefilesstructure:
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Conclusion:
bythismethod,wecanmakethisfilestructuremanually.
PutmainclassHello.classandreferencedclassPerson.classanditsparentsfolderinsamemotherfolder
AndkeepcontentofMETA-INF/MANIFEST.MFcorrect,pointingoutthecorrectmainclass.
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