英语专四虚拟语气真题.docx
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英语专四虚拟语气真题
2013.54Whichofthefollowingsentencescontainssubjunctivemood?
A.Lucyinsistedthathersongethomebefore5o’clock.
B.Sheusedtodrivetowork,butnowshetakesthecitymetro.
C.Walkstraightahead,anddon’tturntillthesecondtrafficlights.
D.PaulwillcancelhisflightifhecannotgethisvisabyFriday.
2013.63Ifit____tomorrow,thematchwouldbeputoff.
A.wastorainB.weretorain
C.wasrainingD.hadrained
2012.54Mybossorderedthatthelegaldocuments______tohimbeforelunch.
A.besentB.weresent
C.weretobesentD.mustbesent
2011.61It'sgettinglate.I'dratheryou______now.
A.leftB.leave×
C.areleavingD.willleave
答案：
wouldrather后面的从句须用虚拟式，若指现在，用一般过去时，若指过去，用过去完成时。
2010.60Itisnecessarythathe______theassignmentwithoutdelay.
A.handinB.handsin
C.musthandinD.hastohandin
2009.52Iftherewerenosubjunctivemood,English______mucheasiertolearn.
A.couldhavebeenB.wouldbe
C.willbeD.wouldhavebeen
2009.53She______fiftyorsowhenIfirstmetherataconference.
A.hadbeen×B.mustbe
C.hasbeenD.musthavebeen
答案：
情态动词must可用于很有把握的推断。
对于现在事情的肯定推断，用mustdo.而对于过去的推断，用musthavedone.本句是对她过去年龄的肯定判断。
2008.52HadJudybeenmorecarefulonthemathsexam,she______muchbetterresultsnow.
A.wouldbegettingB.couldhavegot
C.mustgetD.wouldget
2007.54Ifonlythepatient______adifferenttreatmentinsteadofusingtheantibiotics,hemightstillbealivenow.
A.hadreceivedB.received
C.shouldreceiveD.werereceiving
答案：
ifonly引导的虚拟语气；与过去事实相反，谓语动词用haddone；与现在事实相反，谓语动词用did.
本句为错综虚拟，ifonly部分表示的是过去发生的事，故用过去完成时。
2007.56She______fiftyorsowhenIfirstmetherattheconference.
A．mustbeB.hadbeen
C.couldbeD.musthavebeen
2007.60Hewouldhavefinishedhiscollegeeducation,buthe______toquitandfindajobtosupporthisfamily.
A.hadhad×B.has
C.hadD.wouldhave
答案：
but后的容为真实情况，时态与前面一直。
原句可理解为：
Ifhehadmoney,hewouldhavefinishedhiscollegeeducation,buthehadto……
2007．65ItisabsolutelyessentialthatWilliam______hisstudyinspiteofsomelearningdifficulties.
A.willcontinueB.continued
C.continueD.continues
2006.52IfonlyI______playtheguitaraswellasyou!
A.wouldB.couldC.shouldD.might
答案：
ifonly后常用虚拟语气表示惋惜，遗憾。
本句是对现在情况的虚拟，动词用过去式could.
2006.54It'shightimewe______cuttingdowntherainforests.
A.stoppedB.hadtostop×
C.shallstopD.stop
答案:
It’s（high）time后接句子时，谓语动词用过去式。
2006.59Itisimperativethatthegovernment______moreinvestmentintotheshipbuildingindustry.
A.attractsB.shallattract
C.attractD.hasto
2005.51Ifyouexplainedthesituationtoyoursolicitor,he______abletoadviseyoumuchbetterthanIcan.
A.wouldbeB.willhavebeen
C.wasD.were
2005.60Thatwasnotthefirsttimehe______us.Ithinkit'shightimewe______strongactionsagainsthim.
A.betrayed…takeB.hadbetrayed…took
C.hasbetrayed…took×D.hasbetrayed…take
答案：
Itisthefirsttime+have/hasdone
Itwasthefirsttime+haddone
Itishightime+过去式/shoulddo
2005.63______you______furtherproblemswithyourprinter,contactyourdealerforadvice.
A.If,had×B.Have,had
C.Should,haveD.Incase,had
答案：
这道题看了之后，没方法按照虚拟语气去写，因为if引导的虚拟语气，主句也有相应的变化，但是这句话的主句是个祈使句。
这其实是情态动词should的用法，should在这里表示“万一”，它常用在if从句当中，主句不用虚拟，而且可以将if省略，将should提到主语之前
2004.52_____Iwillmarryhimallthesame.
A.WasherichorpoorB.Whetherrichorpoor×
C.WereherichorpoorD.Beherichorpoor
答案:
让步状语从句：
Whether（it）hebe…or…
省略句：
beit（he）…or…倒装
D项=whetherheisrichorpoor
2004.54_____ifIhadarrivedyesterdaywithoutlettingyouknowbeforehand?
A.Wouldyoubesurprised
B.Wereyousurprised
C.Hadyoubeensurprised
D.Wouldyouhavebeensurprised
2004.56Itisimperativethatstudents___theirtermpapersontime.
A.handinB.wouldhandin
C.havetohandinD.handedin
虚拟式
Be-型虚拟式
1用于表示命令，决定，建议等词之后的that-从句中。
（a）动词decide,decree（发布命令）,demand,insist,move（提议），order,prefer,propose,recommend,request,require,suggest,vote.
如suggest,insist不表示"建议"或"坚持要某人做某事时"，即它们用于其本意"暗示、说明"、"坚持认为"时，宾语从句用述语气。
Theguardatgateinsistedthateverybodyobeytherules.
（b）形容词advisable,appropriate,desirable,essential,fitting（适宜的）,imperative,important,impossible,necessary,obligatory（强制实施），proper.
（c）名词decision,decree（裁定）,demand,instruction,order,requirement,resolution（意志，决心）,suggestion
在这一用法中，be-型虚拟式能与”should+不定式”交替使用，也能与to-不定式交替使用。
e.g:
Itisimportantthatshebeplacedinanappropriatejob.
Itisimportantthatsheshouldbeplacedinanappropriatejob.
Itisimportantforhertobeplacedinanappropriatejob.
（b）be-型虚拟式用于由if,though,whatever,lest,solongas等引导的分句中表示推测，让步，防备。
Ifhebefoundguilty,Johnshallhavetherightofappeal.
Thougheveryonedesertyou,Iwillnot.
Whateverbehisdefense,wecannottoleratethisdisloyalty.
Quietlywesatontheriverbanklestthefishswimaway.
Solongasavolumeholdtogether,Iamnotdisturbedastoitsouterappearance.
特殊句：
Sobeit.（但愿如此/就这样吧）
Sufficeittosaythat…（只需说…就够了）
Farbeitfrommeto…（我极不愿…）
Hewillremainhereifneedbe.
Homeishome,beiteversohomely.
Bethatasitmay…（即使如此/尽管这样）
Were-型虚拟
①Were-型虚拟常用于if,ifonly,asif,asthough,though引导的条件状语从句和让步状语分句中，表示非真实的条件或让步。
IfIwereyou,Ishouldwaittillnextweek.
IfonlyIwerenotsonervous.
HespoketomeasifIweredeaf.
Hebehavesasthoughhewerebetterthanus.
Thoughthewholeworldwereagainstme,IwoulddowhatIconsiderasright.
2were-型虚拟常用于wish,wouldrather,suppose,imagine之后的that-分句中，表示一种臆想的（不可能发生的）情况。
Iwishitwerespringalltheyearround.
I’dratherIwerenotatthesiteoftheaccident.
Supposetheearthwereflat.
Justimagineeveryoneweretogiveupsmoking.
＊ifIwereyou这一分句中，通常用were,不用was.
在某些倒装结构中只能用were,不能用was.
＊在asitwere（作sotospeak时，即宛如，好比）也只用were.
e.g:
Heismybestfriend,mysecondself,asitwere.
用动词的过去式表示假设意义：
1Itistime（that）…
Itisabouttime…
Itishightime…did/shoulddo（should不可省）
②Iwouldrather/sooner（that）you/he/they
③Ifonly…
④Hebehavesasif/asthough…
＊asif,asthough在某些语境中，如果不表示假设，就不必用过去式。
e.g:
Itlooksasifitisgoingtorain.
⑤Iwish（that）…
题外话：
Itisthefirst（second,third…）time…现在完成时….
Itwasthefirst（second,third…）time过去完成时…
If引导的从句的虚拟
从句
主语
与现在事实相反
were/did
Would/should/could/might
+V原
与过去事实相反
Haddone
Would/should/could/might
+havedone
与将来事实相反
Wereto/should
Would/should/could/might
+V原
含蓄虚拟
1连词but,butthat,or,orelse,
副词otherwise,unfortunately表转折假设。
e.g:
Asafetyanalysiswouldhaveidentifiedthetargetasapotentialdanger.Unfortunately,itwasneverdone.
②介词短语暗含假设条件：
Without,butfor,undermorefavorableconditions.
e.g：
ButfortheEnglishexamine,IwouldhavegonetotheconcertlastSunday.
③intended,meant,hoped,wished,planed或
Was/were+不定式完成时或hadintended/meant/planed/hoped/wished+不定式，表虚拟。
e.g:
IwastohavemadeaspeechifIhadnotbeencalledaway.
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