江苏省普通高等学校专转本统一考试大学英语.docx

江苏省普通高等学校专转本统一考试大学英语.docx

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江苏省普通高等学校专转本统一考试大学英语

2007年江苏省普通高等学校“专转本”统一考试

大学英语

第I卷（共100分）

PartIReadingComprehension（共40分）

Passageone

Underproperconditions,soundwaveswillbereflectedfromahillsideorothersuchobstruction.Soundtravelsattherateofaboutone-fifthofmilepersecond.Ifthehilliselevenhundredfeetaway,ittakestwosecondsforthesoundtotravelothehillandback.Thus,bytimingtheintervalbetweenasoundanditsreflection（theecho）,youcanestimatethedistancetoanobstruction.

Duringwordwar2theBritishusedapracticalapplicationofthisprincipletodetectGermanplanesontheirwaytobombLondonlongbeforetheenemywasnearthetarget.Theyusedradiowavesinsteadofsoundwaves,sinceradiowavescanpenetratefogandclouds.TheoutnumberedRoyalAirForce（RAF）alwaysseemedtothepuzzledGermanstobelyinginwaitattherighttimeandnevertobesurprised.ItwasradioechoesmorethananythingelsethatwontheBattleofBritain.

SincetheradiowaveswereusedtotellthedirectioninwhichtosendtheRAFplanesandthedistancetosendthem（theirrangeofflight,inotherwords）,thedevicewascalledradiodirectingandranging,andfromtheinitialsthewordradarwascoined.（filescomefrom）

1.Soundwavesreflectedfromahillcanbeusedtoestimatethe.

A.heigtofthehillB.speedofsound

C.distancetothehillD.intensiteofsound

2.Practicalapplicationsofthisprinciplesresultedin.

A.Newelectronicinstrumentsforplanes

B.Aradiodirectingandrangingdevice

C.NewradiosetsforRAFbombers

D.Anelectronicdetectingdevice

3.RadarenabledtheEnglishto.

A.DetectGermanplanesontheirwaytoLondon

B.DirecttheoutnumberedRAFplaneseffectively

C.ConfuseGermanbomberpilots

D.BothAandB

4.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat

A.Lightwavescouldbeusedinadevicesimilartoradar

B.Radarwasapracticalapplicationofawell-knownprinciple

C.RadargreatlyincreasedtheeffectivenessoftheRoyalAirForce

D.Soundwavesarereflectedfromahillsideunderallconditions

5.Theauthorofthispassageprobablyintendedtoexplain

A.Exactlyhowradarworks

B.WhytheBritishusedradiowavesintheirdevice

C.Howradar（workanddevice）cametobe

D.HowradarhelpedtheBritishwintheBattleofBritain

PassageTwo

Ingeneral,theancientRomanswereapracticalpeople.TheycaredlessaboutphilosophyandpuremathematicsthandidtheGreeks.TheRomanswerethebestoftheancientengineersandarchitects.TheywerebrilliantstudentsofGreekgeometryandtrigonometry（三角学）,andtheyappliedtheirknowledgetotheconstructionoffinebridges,roads,aqueducts（渠道）,andpublicbuildings.

Theyknewaboutthesmeltingofironore,buttheyusedtheirontheyproducedmainlyforspears,swords,andshields,ratherthanforbuildingconstruction.

WhiletheRomansaccomplishedpracticalwonders,theydidverylittletheoreticalscientificthinking.Becauseoftheirfrequentwars,manyoftheirinventionswerenomorethanimprovementsinthedesignofGreekweaponswithwhichtheywerefamiliar.

TherearetworeasonsfortheRomansneglectofphilosophyandpuremathematics.First,theywereapparentlytoobusyconqueringnearbynationsandformingthemintoarapidlygrowingempiretowastetimeonabstractthinking.Secondly,theywerehandicapped（妨碍）bytherigidityoftheirnumericalsystem.（TrytomultiplyXIbyLVIIortodivideCXLIIIbyIX;itsimplycannotbedonewithpencilandpaper.）TheRomansdidalloftheirarithmeticonanabacus,theancientcounterpartofthemoderncomputingmachine.Theirnumbersystemdiscouragedthestudyofpuremathematics.

6.TheauthorcallstheRomans“practical”becausethey

A.Caredlittleaboutphilosophy

B.Appliedtheirknowledgetoconstruction

C.Sawthenecessityfordevelopingtheoreticalscience

D.Studiedthepastandlearnedfromit

7.TheancientRomansdidnotconcernthemselveswith

A.TheoreticalorabstractthoughtB.appliedmathematics

C.StudyingD.eitherAorC

8.Inconstruction,theRomansmadeextensiveuseof

A.IronoreB.peometryandtrigonometry

C.StudyingD.bothBandC

9.ManyRomansinventionswerebasedonGreekweaponsbecausethe

A.Greekshadsuperiorweapons

Bromineswereinvolvedinfrequentwars

C.Romanswerenotfamiliarwithmanytypesofweapons

D.Greekprovedhimselforherselfinspiredinventor

10.Theauthorofthispassageprobablywantedtoexplainwhy

A.HeconsiderstheRomansapracticalpeople

B.Romanwereinvolvedinfrequentwars

C.Theoreticalthinkingisnecessaryfirthegrowthofanation

D.TheRomanscontributedlittletophilosophicalthought

PassageThree

ProfessorBarryWellmanifUniversityofTorontoinCanadahasinventedatermtodescribethewaymanyNorthAmericansinteractsthesedays.Thetermtohaveoppositemeanings.Howcanwebeindividualsandbenetworkedatthesametime?

Youneedotherpeoplefornetworks.

HereiswhatProfessorWellmanmeans.BeforetheinventionoftheInternetande-mail,oursocialnetworksinvolvedliveinteractionswithrelatives,neighbors,andcolleaguesatwork.Someoftheinteractionwasbyphone,butitwasstillvoice,persontoperson,inrealtime.

ArecentresearchstudybythePewInternetandAmericansLifeProjectshowedthatforalotofpeople,electronicinteractionthroughthecoputerhasreplacedthisperson-to-personinteraction.However,alotofpeopleinterviewedforthePewstudysaythat’sagoodthing.Why?

Inthepast,manypeoplewereworriedthattheInternetisolatedusandcausedustospendtoomuchtimeintheimaginaryworldofthecomputer.ButthePewstudydiscoveredthattheoppositeistrue.TheInternetconnectsuswithMORErealpeoplethanexpected-helpful-peoplewhocangiveadviceoncareers,medicalproblems,raisingchildren,andchoosingaschoolorcollege.About60millionAmericantoldPewthattheInternetplaysanimportantroleinhelpingthemmajorlifedecisions.

Thankstothecomputer.“networkedindividuals”areabletobealoneandtogetherwithotherpeople-atthesametime!

11.thepewstudywasconductedin

A.theUnitedStatesB.Canada

C.theU.S.andCanadaD.Europe

12.inthearticle,anetworkisagroupofconnected

A.radioorTVstationsB.people

C.computersD.roads

13.beforetheinventionoftheInternet,ourconnectionswithpeopletoolplacemainly

A.inpersonB.byphoneC.byletterD.bye-mail

14.WhichofthefollowinghashappenedsincetheinventionoftheInternetandemail?

A.peoplearetalkingonthephonemorethanever.

B.Interactionthroughthecomputerhasreplacedalotofpersontopersoninteraction.

C.Americansareturningintohermits.

D.SixtymillionAmericanshaveboughtcomputers.

15.WhichofthefollowingwasNOToneofthediscoveriesofPewstudy?

A.TheInternethasputusintouchwithmorepeoplethanexpected.

B.PeopleusetheInternettogetadviceoncareers,medicalproblems,andotherquestions.

C.FormanyAmericans,theInternetplaysanimportantroleinhelpingthemmakeimportantdecisions.

D.“Internetaddiction”isagrowingproblemamongpeoplewhousecomputers.

Passagefour

（非英语类学生必做）

Summerswithfatherwerealwaysenjoyable.Swimming,hiking,boating,fishing-thedayswerenotlongenoughtocontainallofactivities.Thereneverseemedtobeenoughtimetogotochurch,whichdisturbedsomefriendsandrelations.Accusedofneglectingthispartofoureducation,myfatherinstitutedasummerschoolformybrotherandme.However,hissummercourseincludedancienthistory,whichPapafeltourschoolsneglected,andnavigation,inwhichwefirsthadaformalexaminationinthediningroom,partofwhichconsistedoftyingseveralknotsinagiventimelimit.Thenwewereeachseparatelysentonwhatwasgrandlyreferredtoasacruiseinmyfather’s18-footknockabout,spendingthenightonboard,andloadeddown,accordingtoformallyplotourcourse,usingthetidetable,eventhoughourgoalwasanislandIcouldseequiteclearlyacrossthewaterinthedistance.

16.Whatwastheoriginalreasonforholdingthesummerschool?

A.Thefatherwantedthechildrentolearnmoreaboutreligion.

B.Thechildrengotpoorgradesintheirregularschool.

C.Theregularschoolteachersneglectedthechildren.

D.Friendsandrelativesthoughtthechildrenshouldlearnreligion.

17.Thepurposeofthecruisementionedinthepassagewasto

A.havefun

B.testtheauthorforcompletingsummerschool

C.rewardtheauthorforcompletingsummerschool

D.gettotheisland

18.Whydidtheauthorhavetoplotthesummerofhercruise?

A.Shehadtodemonstratehertodoso.

B.Shewasafraidofgettinglost.

C.Thecoastwasdangerous.

D.Thetideswerestrong.

19.Howlongdidtheauthor’scruiselast?

A.Allsummer.B.Overnight.

C.Aweek.D.Oneday,morningtillnight

20.Apparentlyaknockaboutis

A.aseaman’sknotB.acruise

C.anislandD.aboat

（英语类学生必做）

ThethreemaintypesofsecondaryeducationintheUnitedStateshavebeenprovidedbytheLatingrammarschool,theacademy,andthepublichighschool.Thefirstofthesewasacolonialinstitution.ItbeganinNewEnglandwiththeestablishmentin1635oftheBostonFreeLatinSchool.Thecurriculumconsistedmainlyoftheclassicallanguages,andthepurposeofthiskindofschoolwasthepreparationofboysforcollege,wheremostofthemwouldbefittedfortheministry.

Theacademybeganintheearly1750’swithBenjaminFranklin’sschoolinPhiladelphia,whichlaterbecametheUniversityofPennsylvania.Itextendedgenerallytoaboutthemiddleofthenineteenthcentury,exceptinthesouthernstateswherethepublichighschoolwaslate