1990年考研英语真题.docx
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1990年考研英语真题
1990年英语考研真题
SectionIStructureandVocabulary
Ineachquestion,decidewhichofthefourchoicesgivenwillmostsuitablycompletethesentenceifinsertedattheplacemarked.PutyourchoiceintheANSWERSHEET.(15points)
EXAMPLE:
Iwascaught________therainyesterday.
[A]in[B]by[C]with[D]at
ANSWER:
[A]
1.Thosetwofamilieshavebeenquarrelling________eachotherformanyyears.
[A]to[B]between[C]against[D]with
2.Therearemanythingswhosemisuseisdangerous,butitishardtothinkofanythingthatcanbecompared________tobaccoproducts.
[A]in[B]with[C]among[D]by
3.“Howoftenhaveyouseencaseslikethis?
”onesurgeonaskedanother.“Oh,________times,Iguess,”wasthereply.
[A]hundredof[B]hundreds[C]hundredsof[D]hundred
4.Givemeyourtelephonenumber________Ineedyourhelp.
[A]whether[B]unless[C]sothat[D]incase
5.Yousangwelllastnight.Wehopeyou’llsing________.
[A]morebetter[B]stillbetter[C]nicely[D]best
6.Thosepeople________ageneralunderstandingofthepresentsituation.
[A]lackof[B]arelackingof[C]lack[D]areinlack
7.Aloneinadeserthouse,hewassobusywithhisresearchworkthathefelt________lonely.
[A]nothingbut[B]anythingbut[C]allbut[D]everythingbut
8.Grace________tearswhensheheardthesadnews.
[A]brokein[B]brokeinto(非法闯入、突然……起来)[C]brokeoff[D]brokethrough
9.Sherefusedto________thecarkeystoherhusbanduntilhehadpromisedtowearhissafetybelt.
[A]handin[B]handout[C]handdown[D]down
10.MichaelfounditdifficulttogethisBritishjokes________toAmericanaudiences.
[A]around[B]over[C]across[D]down
11.Thebookcontainedalarge________ofinformation.
[A]deal[B]amount[C]number[D]sum
12.Nowadaysadvertisingcostsarenolongerinreasonable________tothetotalcostoftheproduct.
[A]proportion(与…成比例;与……对称)[B]correlation[C]connection[D]correspondence
13.Whenshesawthecloudsshewentbacktothehouseto________herumbrella.
[A]carry[B]fetch(去拿来)[C]bring[D]reach
14.Wemust________thattheexperimentiscontrolledasrigidlyaspossible.
[A]assure[B]secure[C]ensure[D]issue
15.Hewasknockeddownbyacarandbadly________.
[A]injured[B]damaged[C]harmed[D]ruined
SectionIIReadingComprehension
Eachofthethreepassagesbelowisfollowedbysomequestions.Foreachquestiontherearefouranswers.Readthepassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthequestions.PutyourchoiceintheANSWERSHEET.(20points)
Text1
InMay1989,spaceshuttle“Atlantis”releasedinouterspacethespaceprobe“Megallan,”whichisnowonher15-monthandone-billion-kilometerflighttoVenus.Anewphaseinspaceexplorationhasbegun.
TheplanetVenusisonlyslightlysmallerthanEarth;itistheonlyotherobjectinthesolarsystem,infact,thatevencomesclosetoearth’ssize.Venushasasimilardensity,soitisprobablymadeofapproximatelythesamestuff,andithasanatmosphere,completewithclouds.Itisalsotheclosestplanettoearth,andthusthemostsimilarindistancefromthesun.Inshort,Venusseemstojustifyitslong-heldnicknameof“earth’stwin.”
ThesurfacetemperatureofVenusreachessome900F.Addedtothatisanatmosphericpressureabout90timesEarth’s:
Highoverheadinthecarbondioxide(CO2)thatpassesforairisalayerofclouds,perhaps10to20milesthick,whoselittledropsconsistmostlyofsulfuricacid(H2SO4).Waterisallbutnonexistent.
Bornwithsomanyfundamentalsimilaritiestoearth,howdidVenusgettobesoradicallydifferent:
Itisnotjustanacademicmatter.Forallitsextremes,Venusisavaluablelaboratoryforresearchersstudyingtheweatherandclimateofearth.Ithasnoearth’soceans,sotheheattransportandothermechanismsaregreatlysimplified.Inaddition,theplanetVenustakes243earth-daystoturnonceonitsaxis,soincomingheatfromthesunisaddedanddistributedatamoreleisurely,observablepace.
16.VenusissimilartoEarthin________.
[A]sizeanddensity
[B]distancefromthesun
[C]havingatmosphere
[D]alloftheabove
17.ThegreatestvalueinstudyingVenusshouldbeto________.
[A]allowustovisitthere
[B]understandEarthbetter
[C]findanewsourceofenergy
[D]promoteanewspaceprogram
18.Themainideaofthispassageisabout________.
[A]problemsofspacetravel
[B]scientificmethodsinspaceexploration
[C]theimportanceofVenustoEarth
[D]conditionsonVenus
Text2
TouristsweresurprisedtoseeawomandrivingahugeorangetractordownoneofRome’smainavenues.Italy’spoliticalleadersandsomeofitsmaleunionchiefsaresaidtohavebeenevenmorepuzzledtoseethatthetractorwasfollowedbyabout200,000womeninaparadingprocessionthattookmorethanthreehourstosnakethroughcentralRome.
Shoutingslogans,wavingflagsanddancingtodrumbeats,thewomenhadcometothecapitalfromalloverItalytodemonstratefor“ajobforeachofus,adifferenttypeofjob,andasocietywithoutviolence.”Sofar,actiontoimprovewomen’sopportunitiesinemploymenthasbeentheprovinceofcollectiveindustrialbargaining.“Butthereisagrowingawarenessthatthisisnotenough,”saysaresearcheronfemalelaboratthegovernment-fundedInstitutefortheDevelopmentofProfessionalTrainingforWorkers.
Women,whoconstitute52percentofItaly’spopulation,todayrepresentonly35percentofItaly’stotalworkforceand33percentofthetotalnumberofItalianswithjobs.However,theirpresenceintheworkplaceisgrowing.Theemploymentofwomenisexpandingconsiderablyinservices,nexttothepublicadministrationandcommerceastheirprincipalworkplace.Officialstatisticsalsoshowthatwomenhavealsomadesignificantstridesinself-employment.Moreandmorewomenaregoingintobusinessforthemselves.Manyyoungwomenareturningtobusinessbecauseofthegrowingoverallinemployment.Itisalsoafactthattodaymanyprejudiceshavedisappeared,sothatbanksandotherfinancialinstitutesmakejudgmentsonpurelybusinessconsiderationswithoutcaringifitisamanorawoman.
Suchchangesareoccurringintheprofessionstoo.Thenumberofwomendoctors,dentists,lawyers,engineersanduniversityprofessorsincreasedtwotothreefold.Someofthechangesareimmediatelyvisible.Forexample,womenhaveappearedonthesceneforthefirsttimeasstatepolice,railwayworkersandstreetcleaner.
However,thepresentsituationisfarfromsatisfactorythoughsomeprogresshasbeenmade.Abreakthroughinequalopportunitiesforwomenisnowdemanded.
19.Theexpression“snakethroughcentralRome”probablymeans“tomove________
[A]quietlythroughcentralRome.”
[B]violentlythroughcentralRome.”
[C]inalongwindinglinethroughcentralRome.”
[D]ataleisurelypacethroughcentralRome.”
20.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrue?
[A]TherearemorewomenthanmeninItaly.
[B]InItaly,womenarechieflyemployedinservices.
[C]InItaly,womenarestillatadisadvantageinemployment.
[D]InItaly,abouttwo-thirdsofthejobsareheldbymen.
21.About200,000womeninRomedemonstratedfor________.
[A]morejobopportunities
[B]agreatervarietyofjobs
[C]“equaljob,equalpay”
[D]bothAandB
22.Thebesttitleforthispassagewouldbe________.
[A]TheRoleofWomenisSociety
[B]WomenDemonstrateforEqualityinEmployment
[C]WomenasSelf-employedProfessionals
[D]WomenandtheJobsMarket
Text3
Theoldideathattalentedchildren“burnthemselvesout”intheearlyyears,and,therefore,aresubjectedtofailureandatworst,mentalillnessisunfounded.Asamatteroffact,theoutstandingthingthathappenstobrightkidsisthattheyareverylikelytogrowintobrightadults.
Tofindthisout,l,500giftedpersonswerefolloweduptotheirthirty-fifthyearwiththeseresults:
Onadultintelligencetests,theyscoredashighastheyhadaschildren.Theywere,asagroup,ingoodhealth,physicallyandmentally.84percentoftheirgroupweremarriedandseemedcontentwiththeirlives.
About70percenthadgraduatedfromcollege,thoughonly30percenthadgraduatedwithhonors.Afewhadevendroppedout,butnearlyhalfofthesehadreturnedtograduate.Ofthemen,80percentwereinoneoftheprofessionsorinbusinessmanagementorsemiprofessionaljobs.Thewomenwhohadremainedsinglehadoffice,business,orprofessionaloccupations.
Thegrouphadpublished90booksand1,500articlesinscientific,scholarly,andliterarymagazinesandhadcollectedmorethan100patents.
Inamaterialwaytheydidnotdobadlyeither.Averageincomewasconsiderablyhigheramongthegiftedpeople,especiallythemen,thanforthecountryasawhole,despitetheircomparativeyouth.
Infact,farfrombeingstrange,mostofthegiftedwereturningtheirearlypromiseintopracticalreality.
23.Theoldideathattalentedchildren“burnthemselvesout”intheearlyyearsis________.
[A]trueinallsenses
[B]refutedbytheauthor
[C]medicallyproven
[D]abeliefoftheauthor
24.Thesurveyofbrightchildrenwasmadeto________.
[A]findoutwhathadhappenedtotalentedchildrenwhentheybecameadults
[B]provethattalentedchildren“burnthemselvesout”intheearlyyears
[C]discoverthepercentageofthosementallyillamongthegifted
[D]provethattalentedchildrenneverburnthemselvesout
25.Intelligencetestsshowedthat________.
[A]brightchildrenwereunlikelytobementallyhealthy
[B]betweenchildhood