学年湖北省恩施州教学联盟高一第一学期期末考试英语试题 解析版.docx

学年湖北省恩施州教学联盟高一第一学期期末考试英语试题 解析版.docx

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学年湖北省恩施州教学联盟高一第一学期期末考试英语试题解析版

湖北省恩施州教学联盟2020-2021学年高一第一学期期末考试英语试题

一、阅读选择

Nearlyallofushaveabadhabit,whetherweknowitornot.Somepeoplesaytheywanttogetridofitbutdon’tknowtheproperways.Here’ssomeadviceonhowtogetridofbadhabits.

Makealist.Writedownwhyyouwanttostopacertainbehavior,howit’shurtingyouandhowtogetridofit.Thiswillhelpalot.Lookatthatlistregularly.

Joininotheractivities.It’swiseofyoutodosomethingelsewhenyouwanttostopyourbadhabits.Ifyougetangryeasily,forexample,youcanpracticehavingadeepbreathorgoingforawalk.

Giveyourselfapresent.Beforeyoutakeactionagainstabadhabit,decidewhatyou’lldotocelebrateitifyoureachyourgoal.

Keepoffbadhabits.Ifyouarefatandwanttoloseweight,keepjunkfoodoutofyourhouse.Ifyouareaheavysmokerwithcoffee,turntoteaandkeepawayfromfriendswholikesmoking.

Bepatient.Badhabitsdevelopoveryears,soyouprobablywon’tbeabletogetridofthemquickly.Infact,peopleoftengiveupseveraltimesbeforebeingsuccessful,soyoushouldbepatient.

Findsupport.Don’tbeafraidtoaskforsupportfromfriends,familyorotherpeoplewhohavethesamebadhabitsasyou.Whenyoutalktoothers,theymightbeabletoprovideadviceorencouragementthatyouusuallywouldn’tgetfromyourself.

1．Ifyouwanttoloseweight,youshould______.

A．drinkmorecoffee.B．refusethejunkfood.

C．findsupportfromfriends.D．findaheavysmoker.

2．WhichofthefollowingisWRONGaccordingtothepassage?

A．it’snoteasytogetridofbadhabitsinashorttime.

B．Youcanwritedownthereasonsforgettingridofbadhabits.

C．Whentalkingtoothers,youcangetwhatyoucan’tgetfromyourself.

D．Whenyouwanttostopyourbadhabits,don’tdoanything.

3．Fromthepassageyoucanlearn______.

A．howtogetridofbadhabits.B．whywehavesomebadhabits.

C．whattodotohaveabadhabit.D．wheretofindsomesupport

【答案】

1．B

2．D

3．A

【分析】

这是一篇说明文。

文章作者针对如何改掉坏习惯这一问题，给出了自己的一些建议。

1．

细节理解题，根据Keepoffbadhabits部分中“Ifyouarefatandwanttoloseweight,keepjunkfoodoutofyourhouse.（如果你很胖，又想减肥，那就远离垃圾食品）”可知，如果你想减肥，你应该拒绝垃圾食品。

故选B。

2．

细节理解题。

根据Bepatient部分中“Badhabitsdevelopoveryears,soyouprobablywon’tbeabletogetridofthemquickly.（坏习惯已经形成许多年了，所以你可能无法很快改掉它们）”可知A选项“短时间内改掉坏习惯是不容易的”正确；根据Makealist.部分中“Writedownwhyyouwanttostopacertainbehavior,howit’shurtingyouandhowtogetridofit.（写下你为什么想要停止某种行为，它是如何伤害你的，以及如何摆脱它）”可知B选项“你可以写下改掉坏习惯的理由”正确；根据Findsupport.部分中“Whenyoutalktoothers,theymightbeabletoprovideadviceorencouragementthatyouusuallywouldn’tgetfromyourself.（当你和别人交谈时，他们可能会给你提供建议或鼓励，而这些你通常不会从自己那里得到）”可知C选项“和别人交谈时，你可以得到你自己得不到的东西”正确；而D选项“当你想改掉坏习惯时，什么都不要做”文章没有提到。

故选D。

3．

主旨大意题。

根据第一段中“Here’ssomeadviceonhowtogetridofbadhabits.（这里有一些关于如何摆脱坏习惯的建议）”可知，文章主要介绍了改掉坏习惯的一些建议，也就是说，从文章中你可以了解到如何摆脱坏习惯。

故选A。

TwoteenagersarelostatseaoffthecoastoftheUnitedStatesforsixdaysontheirsmallsailingboat.Withoutanyfoodanddrink,theboysdrinkseawater.Theytryslippingintotheoceantocooloff,butsharksdrivethembackontotheboat.Atnight,theyuseasinglewetsuittokeepwarm.

ThisisarealstoryoftwoAmericanboys.Driscollandhisbestfriend,18-year-oldJoshLong,werefoundsixdayslaterandmorethan100milesfromwheretheyhadsetofffromSullivan’sIsland,SouthCarolina,onApril24.Theboyshadlostalotofwaterandweretired,butotherwiseinprettygoodshape.

Theysetoutfishingona4.3-metersailboatonawindydaywhentheNationalWeatherServicehadwarnedsmallboatstostayoutofthewater,buttheydidn’tcare.Theyrealizedtheywereintroublealmostimmediatelyandtriedtoswimbacktoshore,pullingtheboatalongwiththem.Withinhours,theywerefarouttosea.

“Welostourfishingequipment,”Driscollsaid.“Sowecouldn’tcatchanyfish.”Theboys’hopesfadedwitheachdaypassing.Theystoodontheirboateverytimetheysawanotherboat,wavingandshouting,butwithoutsuccess.Onenighttheywerewokenupbywatercomingintotheboat.Alargeshipwasveryclosetothem.

Acoastguardboatsetouttolookforthem.Theboysgotupandmadesomenoise.Thistime,theywereheard.

“Whatwehaveisacompletelysurprisingstoryofsurvivalthat’sgoingtobestudiedforyearstocome,”saidRichardGoerling,Long’suncle,“Ithinktheboyshaveabooktowrite.”

4．Thetwoboysgotlostattheseabecause_______.

A．theywerenotgoodatboating

B．theywereseparatedfromtheirparentswhileboating

C．theywentfarintotheseatocatchfish

D．theydidn’ttakethewarningfromNationalWeatherServiceseriously.

5．Duringtheirstayatthesea,theboys_______.

A．swaminthewatertocoolthemselvesoffinthedaytime

B．livedonthefishtheycaught

C．sufferedcoldatnight

D．foughtagainstsharks

6．Wecanconcludefromthetextthat_______.

A．theboyswenttotheseatogosurfing

B．theboysweresavedonApril30

C．someboatshadfoundtheboysbutrefusedtoofferhelp

D．theboysweresleepingsoundlywhentheboatpassedby

7．Itcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraphthat_______.

A．theboyswillwriteabook

B．children’ssafetyshouldbepaidmoreattentionto

C．theboysdidverywellwhenfacingdanger

D．somethingcanbelearnedfromtheboys’experience

【答案】

4．D

5．C

6．B

7．D

【分析】

本文是一篇记叙文。

主要讲述的是两名青少年在美国海岸外的海上失踪并在小帆船上漂流了六天之后被发现，最终幸存下来的故事。

4．

细节理解题。

根据文章第三段“Theysetoutfishingona4.3-metersailboatonawindydaywhentheNationalWeatherServicehadwarnedsmallboatstostayoutofthewater,buttheydidn’tcare.”（在一个大风天，他们乘坐一艘4.3米长的帆船出发捕鱼，当时国家气象局警告小船远离水域，但他们并不在意。

）可知这两个男孩迷路的原因是他们没有认真对待国家气象局的警告。

故选D项。

5．

细节理解题。

根据文章第一段“Theytryslippingintotheoceantocooloff,butsharksdrivethembackontotheboat.Atnight,theyuseasinglewetsuittokeepwarm.”（他们试图滑进海里降温，但鲨鱼把他们赶回了船上。

晚上，他们只穿一件潜水衣来保暖。

）可知两名男孩夜间遭受寒冷。

故选C项。

6．

推理判断题。

根据文章第二段“Driscollandhisbestfriend,18-year-oldJoshLong,werefoundsixdayslaterandmorethan100milesfromwheretheyhadsetofffromSullivansIsland,SouthCarolina,onApril24”（德里斯科尔和他最好的朋友、18岁的乔什·朗于6天后在距离他们于4月24日从南卡罗莱纳州沙利文岛出发的地方100多英里的地方被发现。

）可知男孩们在4月24日失踪，在海上漂流了六天之后被发现。

男孩被发现的时间是4月30号。

故选B项。

7．

推理判断题。

根据文章最后一段“Whatwehaveisacompletelysurprisingstoryofsurvivalthat’sgoingtobestudiedforyearstocome”（我们所拥有的是一个完全令人惊讶的生存故事，它将在未来几年被研究。

）可知人们可以从男孩的经历中学到一些东西。

故选D项。

IntheHollywoodmovieTheMartian,actorMattDamonplaysanastronautwhogrowsfoodonMars（火星）tosurvivealoneontheredplanet.

Afterseeingthemovie,WashingtonStateUniversityphysicistMichaelAllenandUniversityofIdahofoodscientistHelenJoynerdecidedtocarryoutacasestudyhelpingstudentsfigureouthowtofarmonMars.Inthecasestudy,studentshavetoimaginetheyaremining（采矿）onMarsanddecidehowtofeedthemselvestherebeforestartingonthejourney.TheygetaproposalfromAllenandJoyneronhowtoselectcropsandtakethechallengesofgrowingcropsoverlongperiodsonMars.StudentsuseascoringsystemtoselectthreefoodstoplantonMars.

Allenfoundtheresultsimpressive:

among30students,“notwopeoplehaveevergottenthesameanswer”,hesaid.

HumantravelerstoMarswilllikelyhavetomakeuseofresourcesontheplanetratherthantakeeverythingtheyneedwiththemonaspaceship.Thismeansfarmingtheirownfoodonanotherplanet,onethathasaverydifferentecosystem（生态系统）fromEarth’s.

OnechallengeforthosewhowouldliketoliveonMarsisthefactthattherecanbenofarmingtools.Likerealastronauts,studentstakingpartinthestudycannottakealotoffarmingtoolswiththem.AsJoynerputittohisstudentastronauts,“Youarestartingwithnothing.”

Besides,studentsalsohavetodealwithaverylimitedchoiceofdiet.“IfIhadtoeatasinglefoodfortherestofmylife,couldIdoit?

”Joynerasked.

ButAllenbelievesthecasestudyisaboutmorethanfarmingandeatingontheRedPlanet.

“I’mnotteachingaboutgrowingfoodonMars,”Allensaid.“I’mteachingaboutlivingwithchoices.I’mteachingaboutproblemsolving.”

8．Inthecasestudy,studentshaveto_______.

A．watchthemovietoknowtheconditionsonMars

B．decidewhichcroptogrowonMarswiththehelpoftheteachers

C．designdifferenttypesofdietsonMarsforthemtochoose

D．understandhowtofarmonMarswiththeirfavoritefarmingtools

9．Theunderlinedword“proposal”inthesecondparagraphcanbereplacedby_______.

A．explorationB．recommendation

C．adventureD．movement

10．MichaelAllenthinksthatthecasestudy_______.

A．increasesstudents’knowledgeaboutfarming

B．helpsstudentknowmoreaboutMars

C．developsstudents’skillsofsolvingproblems

D．teachesstudentshowtomakeproperchoices

11．Thepassageismainlyintended_______.

A．todescribearesearchonhowtofarmonMars

B．toprepareustodealwithproblemsonMars

C．toteachushowtosurviveonMarsalone

D．tointroduceaHollywoodmovie,TheMartian

【答案】

8．B

9．B

10．C

11．A

【分析】

这是一篇说明文。

短文介绍了一项关于如何在火星上种植作物的研究。

8．

细节理解题。

由第二段“TheyaproposalfromAllenandJoyneronhowtoselectcropsandtakethechallengesofgrowingcropsoverlongperiodsonMars”（他们从AllenandJoyner那里得到如何选择农作物的建议，并接受在火星上长时间种植农作物的挑战。

）所以在案例研究中，学生必须在老师的帮助下决定在火星上种植哪种作物。

故选B项。

9．

词义猜测题。

A.exploration解释;B.recommendation建议;C.adventure冒险;D.movement运动。

根据设空处后“…fromAllenandJoyneronhowtoselectcropsandtakethechallengesofgrowingcropsoverlongperiodsonMars”（从艾伦和乔伊纳那里了解如何选择作物，如何应对在火星上长时间种植作物的挑战。

）根据下划线词后的修饰成分,可知从艾伦和乔伊纳那里了解如何选择作物和如何应对在火星上长时间种植作物的挑战的建议。

故选B项。

10．

推理判断题。

由最后段“I’mteachingaboutproblemsolving”（我在教解决问题。

）所以通过MichaelAllen所说的话可以判断出，MichaelAllen认为案例研究培养了学生解决问题的能力。

故选C项。

11．

推理判断题。

通读全文可知，第一段以一部电影引出“aresearchonhowtof