高考英语阅读理解分类汇编之社会生活类附答案.docx
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高考英语阅读理解分类汇编之社会生活类附答案
2011高考英语阅读理解分类汇编之社会生活类
1.(2011·天津卷)D
Blindimitation(模仿)isself-destruction.Tothosewhodonotrecognizetheiruniqueworth.Imitationappearsattractive:
tothosewhoknowtheirstrenghth.Imitationisunacceptable.
Intheearlystagesofskillorcharacterdevelopment,imitationishelpful.WhenIfirstlearnedtocook,Iusedrecipes(菜谱)andturnedoutsometastydishes.ButsoonIgrewbored.Whyfollowsomeoneelse’swayofcookingwhenIcouldcreatemyown?
Imitatingrolemodelsislikeusingtrainingwheelsonachild’sbicycle;theyhelpyougetgoing,butonceyoufindyourownbalance,youflyfasterandfartherwithoutrelyingonthem.
Indailylife,imitationcanhurtusifwesubconsciously(下意识地)holdpoorrolemodels.If,asachild,youobservedpeoplewhoseliveswerebad,youmayhaveacceptedtheirfearandpainasnormalandgoneontofollowwhattheydid.Ifyoudonotmakestrongchoicesforyourself,youwillgettheresultsoftheweakchoicesofothers.
Inthefieldofentertainment,ourcultureglorifiescelebrities.Thosestarslookgreatonscreen.Butwhentheystepoffscreen,theirpersonallivesmaybedisastrous.Ifyouaregoingtofollowsomeone,focusontheirtalent,nottheirbadcharacterorunacceptablebehaviors.
Blessedisthepersonwillingtoactontheirsunddendesiretocreatesomrthingunique.Thinkofthemovies,books,teachers,andfriendsthathaveaffectedyoumostdeeply.Theytouchedyoubecausetheircreationsweremotivatedbyinspiration,notdesperation.Theworldischangednotbythosewhodowhathasbeendonebrforethem,butbythosewhodowhathasbeendoneinsidethem.Creativepeoplehaveanendlessresourceofideas.Theproblemacreatorfacesisnotrunningoutofmaterial;itiswhattodowiththematerialknockingatthedoorofimagination.
Syudyyourrolemodels,acceptthegiftstheyhavegiven,andleavebehindwhatdoesnotserver.Thenyoucansay,”Istandontheshouldersofmyancestors”tragediesandtory,andknowthattheyarecheeringon.
51.Imitationprovesusefulwhenyou.
A.knowyouareunique
B.losethebslanceoflife
C.begintolearnsomethingnew
D.gettiredofroutinepractice
52.Toavoidthebadresultofimitation,weshould________.
A.forgetdailyfearandpain
B.choosetherightexample
C.askothersfordecisions
D.stayawayfromstars
53.Acordingtotheauthor.Theworldmovesonbecauseofthosewhoare.
A.desperatetointruenceotherswiththeirknowledge
B.readytoturntheiroriginalideasintoreality
C.eagertodiscoverwhattheirancestorsdid
D.willingtoacceptothers’ideas
54.Thetroubleacreatorfacesis.
A.thelackofstrongmotivation
B.theabsenceofpracticalideas
C.howtosearchformorematerials
D.howtouseimaginationcreatively
55.Whatistheauthor’spurposeinwritingthispassage?
A.Tohighlighttheimportanceofcreatively.
B.Tocriticizethecharactersofrolemodels.
C.Tocompareimitationwithcreation.
D.Toexplainthemeaningofsuccess.
CBBDA
2.(2011·天津卷)C
AnideathatstartedinSeattle'spubliclibraryhasspreadthroughoutAmericaandbeyond.Theconceptissimple:
helptobuildasenseofcommunityinacitybygettingeveryonetoreadthesamebookatthesametome.
Inadditiontoencouragingreadingasapursuit(追求)tobeenjoyedbyall,theprogramallowsstrangerstocommunicatebydiscussingthebookonthebus,aswellaspromotingreadingasanexperiencetobesharedinfamiliesandschools.TheideacamefromSeattlelibrarianNancyPearlwholaunched(发起)the"IfAllofSeattleReadtheSameBook"projectin1998.Heroriginalprogramusedauthorvisits,studyguidesandbookdiscussiongroupstobringpeopletogetherwithabook,buttheideahassinceexpandedtomanyotherAmericancities,andeventoHongkong.
InChicago,themayor(市长)appearedontelevisiontoannouncethechoiceofToKillaMockingbirdasthefirstbookinthe"OneBook,OneChicago"program.Asaresult,readingclubsandneighbourhoodgroupsspranguparoundthecity.AcrosstheUS,storiesemergedofparentsandchildrenreadingtoeachotheratnightandstrangerschattingawayonthebusaboutplotandcharacter.
TheonlyproblemaroseinNewYork,wherelocalreaderscouldnotdecideononebooktorepresentthehugeanddiversepopulation.Thismayshowthattheideaworksbestinmedium-sizedcitiesorlargetowns,whereagreatersenseofunity(一致)canbeachieved.OritmayshowthatNewYorkersrathermissedthepoint,puttingalltheirenergy
Andpassionintothechoiceofthebookratherthandiscussionaboutabookitself.
UltinatelwasNancypointsout,thelevelofsucicessisnotmeasturedbyhowmanypeoplereadabook,butbyhowmanypeopleareenrichedbytheprocess.orhaveenjoyedspeakingtosomeonewithwhomtheywouldnototherwisehavesharedaword.
46.WhatisthepurposeoftheprojectlaunchedbyNancy?
A.Toinviteauthorstoguidereaders.
B.Toencouragepeopletoreadandshare.
C.Toinvolvepeopleincommunnityservice.
D.Topromotethefriendshipbetweencities.
47.WhywasitdifficultforNewYorkerstocarryouttheprojict?
A.Theyhadlittleinterestinreading.
B.Theyweretoobusytoreadabook.
C.Theycamefrommanydifferentbackgrounds
D.Theylackedsupportfromthelocatgovernment
48.Accordingtothepassage,wherewouldtheprojectbemoreeasilycarriedout?
A.Inlargecommunitieswithlittlesenseofunity
B.Inlargecitieswherelibrariesarefarfromhome
C.Inmedium-sizedcitieswithadiversepopulation
D.Inlargetownswhereagreementcanbequicklyreached
49.Theunderlinedwords“sharedaword”inParagraph5probablymean
A.exchangedideaswitheachother
B.discussedthemeaningofaword
C.gamedlifeexperience
D.usedthesamelanguage
50.AccordingtoNacy,thedegreeofstudentsoftheprojectisjudgedby
A.thecarefulselectionofaproperbook
B.thegrowingpopularityofthewriters
C.thenumberofpeoplewhobenefitfromreading.
D.thenumberofbooksthateachpersonreads.
BCDAC
3.(2011·重庆卷)E
Skepticsareastangelot.Someofthemrefusetoadmittheseriousthreatofhumanactivitiestotheenviroment,andtheyaretiredofpeoplewhodisagreewiththem.Thosepeople,sayskeptics,spreadnothingbutbadnewsabouttheenvironment.The“eco-guilt”broughtonbythediscouragingnewsaboutourplanetgivesrisetothepopularityofskepticsaspeoplesearchformorecomfortingworldviews.
PerhapsthatexplainwhyanewbookbyBjornLomborgreceivedsomuchpublicity.Thatbook,TheSkepticalEnvironmentalist,declaresthatitmeasuresthe“realstateoftheworld”asfine.Ofcourse,anotherexplanationisthedeeppocketssomebigbusinesseswithspecialintererts.Indeed,Mr.Lomborg’sviewsaresimilartothoseofsomeIndustry-fundedorganizations,whichstarthugeactivitiesthoughthemediatoconfusethepublicaboutissueslikeglobalwarming.
SoitwasstrangetoseeMr.Lomborg’sbookgolargelyunchallengedinthemediathoughhisbeliefswerecontrarytomostscientificopinions.OnenationalnewspaperinCanadarananumberofarticlesandreviewsfullofwordsofpraise,evenwiththeconclusionthat“AfterLomborg,theenvironmentalmovementwillbegintodiedown.”
Suchone-sidedviewsshouldhaveimmediatelybeenchallenged.ButonlyadifferentreviewappearedinNature,arespectedsciencemagazinewithspecificreadership.ThereviewremarkedthatMr.Lomborg’s“preferenceforunexaminedmaterialsisincredible(不可信的)”。
Acritical(批判的)eyeisvaluable,andthemediashouldpresentinformationinsuchawaythatcouldallowpeopletomakeinformeddecisions.Unfortunately,thatisofteninaccessibleasblockedbythedesiretobeshockingortodefendsomespecialinterests.Peoplemightbecomehalf-blindbeforeaworldpartiallyexhibitedbythemedia.That’sashame,becausemattersconcerningthehealthoftheplanetarefartooimportanttobetreatedlightly.
72.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingmayberegardedas“skeptics”?
A.Peoplewhoagreeonthepopularityof“eco-guilt”.
B.Peoplewhodisbelievetheserioussituationofourplanet.
C.Peoplewhodisliketheharmfuleffectofhumanactivities.
D.Peoplewhospreadcomfortingnewstoprotectourenvironment.
73.WhichofthefollowingcanbeareasonforthepopularityofLomborg’sbooks?
A.Somebigbusinessesintendtoprotecttheirowninterests.
B.Thebookchallengesviewsaboutthefinestateofthewirld.
C.Theauthorconvincespeopletoseekcomfortingworldviews.
D.Industry–fundedmediapresentconfusinginformation.
74.TheauthormentionedthereviewinNatureinorderto_____.
A.voiceadifferentopinion
B.findfaultwithLomborg’sbook
C.challengetheauthorityofthemedia
D.pointoutthevalueofscientificviews.
75.Whatistheauthor’smainpurposeinwritingthepassage?
A.Toencouragetheskepticstohaveacriticaleye.
B.Towarnthepublicofthedangerofhalf–blindnesswithreviews.
C.Toblamethemedia’slackofresponsibilityinpresentinginformation.
D.Toshowtheimportanceofpresentingoverallinformationbythemedia.
BAAD
4.(2011·安徽卷)B
Thinkaboutthedifferentwaysthatpeopleusethewind.Youcanuseittoflyakiteortosailaboat.Windisoneofourcleanestandrichestpowersources(来源),aswellasoneoftheoldest.Evidenceshowsthatwindmills(风车)begantobeusedinancientIranbackintheseventhcenturyBC.TheywerefirstintroducedtoEuropeduringthe1100s,whenarmiesreturnedfromtheMiddleEastwithknowledgeofusingwindpower.
Formanycenturies,peopleusedwindmillstogrind(磨碎)wheatintoflourorpumpwaterfromdeepunderground.Whenelectricitywasdiscoveredinthelate1800s,peoplelivinginremoteareasbegantouset