宏观经济学习题22.docx

宏观经济学习题22.docx

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宏观经济学习题22

一、

AnAmericancompanyownsafast-foodstoreinLima,Peru.Thevalueofthegoodsandservicesproducedinthestore

a.areincludedinbothPeruvianGDPandU.S.GDP.

b.areincludedpartlyinPeruvianGDPandpartlyinU.S.GDP.

c.areincludedinU.S.GDP,butnotPeruvianGDP.

d.areincludedinPeruvianGDP,butnotU.S.GDP.

e.noneoftheabove

1.Acompanyproduces500unitsofanintermediategoodonthelastdayoftheyear.

a.Ifitsellsthegood,GDPforthatyearwillincrease.

b.Ifitsellsthegood,GDPforthatyearwillremainunchanged.

c.Ifitdoesnotsellthegood,GDPforthatyearwillincrease.

d.bandc.

2.IgorandNataliahaveeachbeendoingtheirownhousework.IgordecidestohireNataliatodohishousework,andinturn,NataliahiresIgortodoherhousework.Asaresultofthischange,

a.GDPfalls.

b.GDPrises.

c.GDPisunaffectedbecausehouseworkisnotincludedinGDP.

d.GDPisunaffectedbecausethesameworkisbeingperformedinbothcases.

3.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofdoublecounting?

a.errorsmadeinaddingtogetherthevalueofallfinalgoodsandservicestomeasureGDP

b.addingthemarketvalueofthewoodusedtoproduceahousetothemarketvalueofthehouseinmeasuringGDP

c.addingthechangeininventoriestoGDP

d.Alloftheaboveareexamplesofdoublecounting.

4.OikoNomosbuysanewcomputerinJune2001andthensellsittoafriendinDecember2001.GDP

a.willincludethevalueofboththeJunesaleandtheDecembersale.

b.willincludethefullvalueoftheJunesale,butonlypartofthevalueoftheDecembersale,sincethecomputerhadbeenused.

c.willincludethevalueoftheJunesaleonly.

d.willincludethevalueoftheDecembersaleonly,sincethatwasthefinalsaleofthecomputerin2001.

1.IfaU.S.citizenbuysatractormadeinBelarus,

a.U.S.netexportsdecrease,andU.S.GDPdecreases.

b.U.S.netexportsareunaffected,andU.S.GDPdecreases.

c.U.S.netexportsareunaffected,andU.S.GDPisunaffected.

d.U.S.netexportsdecreasebutU.S.GDPisunaffected

2.Whichofthefollowingrepresentsatransferpayment?

a.thegovernmentsendsyourgrandfatherhissocialsecuritycheck.

b.youtransfer$1,000fromyourbankaccounttoamutualfund.

c.thebanktransfers$10quarterlyinteresttoyoursavingsaccount.

d.youremployerautomaticallytransfers$100eachmonthfromyourpaytoanon-taxablemedicalspendingaccount.

3.Yousendagiftof$500toyourbrotherinMontana.Whenitisreceived,

a.GDPincreasesbecausethe$500representsincometoyourbrother.

b.GDPdecreasesbecausethe$500representsareductioninyourincome.

c.GDPisunaffectedbecausethe$500representsatransfer,notapurchase.

d.GDPincreasesbecauseyourbrotherwillprobablyspendit.

课后习题：

1.

b.      Investmentincreasesbecauseahouseisaninvestmentgood.

c.      Consumptionincreasesbecauseacarisagoodpurchasedbyahousehold,butinvestmentdecreasesbecausethecarinFord’sinventoryhadbeencountedasaninvestmentgooduntilitwassold.

d.     Consumptionincreasesbecausepizzaisagoodpurchasedbyahousehold.

 e.      Governmentpurchasesincreasebecausethegovernmentspentmoneytoprovideagoodtothepublic.

f.       Consumptionincreasesbecausethebottleisagoodpurchasedbyahousehold,butnetexportsdecreasebecausethebottlewasimported.

g.      Investmentincreasesbecausenewstructuresandequipmentwerebuilt.

6.Basedonthefollowingdata:

YearNominalGDPGDPdeflator

（InBillions）（BaseYear1992）

1996$7,662110

1997$8,111112

A.WhatwasthegrowthrateofnominalGDPbetween1997and1996?

B.WhatwasthegrowthrateofGDPdeflatorbetween1997and1996?

A.ThegrowthrateofnominalGDPis

（$8,111-$7,662）/$7,662100%=5.9%.

B．hegrowthrateofthedeflatoris

（112-110）/110100%=1.8%.

1.Thebestmeasureofacountry’sproductionofgoodsandservicesis

a.nominalGDP.

b.nominalGNP.

c.realGDP.

d.realNNP.

2.Iftotalspendingrisesfromoneyeartothenext,then

a.theeconomymustbeproducingalargeroutputofgoodsandservices.

b.pricesatwhichgoodsandservicesaresoldmustbehigher.

c.eithertheeconomymustbeproducingalargeroutputofgoodsandservices,orthepricesatwhichgoodsandservicesaresoldmustbehigher,orboth.

d.netexportsmustbefalling.

3.Wheneconomiststalkaboutgrowthintheeconomy,theymeasurethatgrowthwith

a.theabsolutechangeinnominalGDP.

b.thepercentagechangeinrealGDP.

c.theabsolutechangeinrealGDP.

d.thepercentagechangeinnominalGDP.

4.IftheGDPdeflatoris150andnominalGDPis$9,000billion,thenrealGDPis

a.$600billion.

b.$6,000billion.

c.$1,350billion.

d.$135billion.

5.TheGDPdeflatorcanbeusedtoidentify

a.theincreaseinnominalGDPthatisduetoanincreaseinpricesratherthananincreaseinproduction.

b.theincreaseinrealGDPthatisduetoanincreaseinpricesratherthananincreaseinproduction.

c.theincreaseinthecostoflivingfortypicalU.S.consumers.

d.thereductioningovernmentspendingrequiredtobalancethefederalbudget.

6.IftheGDPdeflatorwas100inthebaseyearof2000,andwas105in2002,wecansaythat

a.thepricelevelincreasedby105percentfrom2000to2002.

b.thepricelevelincreasedby5percentfrom2000to2002.

c.thepricelevelincreasedby205percentfrom2000to2002.

d.wecannotjudgepriceincreasesfromchangesintheGDPdeflator.

二、

1.Whenthepriceofporkrises,consumersbuymorechicken.WhichoftheproblemsintheconstructionoftheCPIdoesthissituationillustrate?

a.substitutionbias

b.introductionofnewgoods

c.unmeasuredqualitychange

d.aandb

e.aandc

2.Laurabuyswordprocessingsoftwarein2001for$50.Laura’stwinbrotherLaurencebuysanupgradeofthesamesoftwarein2002for$50.WhatproblemintheconstructionoftheCPIdoesthissituationbestrepresent?

a.substitutionbias

b.unmeasuredqualitychange

c.introductionofnewgoods

d.alloftheabove

1.Whentheoveralllevelofpricesintheeconomyisincreasing,wesaythattheeconomyisexperiencing

a.economicgrowth.

b.inflation.

c.unemployment.

d.deflation.

2.IntheCPI,thebaseyearis

a.thebenchmarkagainstwhichotheryearsarecompared,updatedeachyear.

b.thebenchmarkagainstwhichotheryearsarecompared.

c.aparticularlybadyearforconsumerprices.

d.always1989.

3.Whichchangeinthepriceindexshowsthegreatestrateofinflation:

80to96,100to125,or150to180?

a.80to96

b.100to125

c.150to180

d.Allchangesshowthesamerateofinflation.

4.BecausetheCPIisbasedonafixedbasketofgoods,substitutionbiascausestheindexto

a.overstatetheincreaseinthecostoflivingfromoneyeartothenext.

b.ignoreanyincreaseinthecostoflivingfromoneyeartothenext.

c.understatetheincreaseinthecostoflivingfromoneyeartothenext.

d.sometimesunderstate,andsometimesoverstatetheincreaseinthecostoflivingfromoneyeartothenext.

5.InU.S.consumerspending,housingmakesup_____%ofthetotal,foodandbeveragesmakeup_____%ofthetotal,andtransportationmakesup_____%ofthetotal.

a.50,26,27

b.40,16,17

c.17,40,16

d.50,17,16

6.Ifthecostoftransportationandthecostoffoodandbeveragesincreaseby30percent,theCPIislikelytoincreaseby

a.about30percent.

b.about10percent.

c.about3percent.

d.about33percent.

1.AJapaneseautomobilecompanyproducescarsintheUnitedStates,someofwhichareexportedtoothernations.Ifthepriceofthecarsincreases,

a.theGDPdeflatorandtheCPIwillbothincrease.

b.theGDPdeflatorwillincreaseandtheCPIwill

beunchanged.

c.theGDPdeflatorwillbeunchangedandtheCPI

willincrease.

d.theGDPdeflatorandtheCPIwillbothbeunchanged

2.ABraziliancompanyproducesshirtsintheUnitedStatesandexportsallofthemtoLithuania.Ifthepriceoftheshirtsincreases,

a.theGDPdeflatorandtheCPIbothincrease.

b.theGDPdeflatorisunchangedandtheCPIincreases.

c.theGDPdeflatorincreasesandtheCPIisunchanged.

d.theGDPdeflatorandtheCPIareunchanged

课后习题：

11.a.Wheninflationishigherthanwasexpected,therealinterestrateislowerthanexpected.

b.Sincetherealinterestrateislowerthanwasexpected,thelenderlosesandtheborrowergains.

Theborrowerisrepayingtheloanwithdollarsthatareworthlessthanwasexpected.

c.Homeownersinthe1970swhohadfixed-ratemortgagesfromthe1960sbenefitedfromtheunexpectedinflation,whilethebankswhomadethemortgageloanslostalotofmoney.

7.a.Iftheelderlyconsumethesamemarketbasketasotherpeople,SocialSecuritywouldprovidetheelderlywithanimprovementintheirstandardoflivingeachyearbecausetheCPIoverstatesinflationandSocialSecuritypaymentsaretiedtotheCPI.

1.Thenominalinterestrateis

a.theinterestratepaidorchargedbyabank.

b.theinterestrateasusuallyreportedwithout

acorrectionfortheeffectsofinflation.

C．alowinterestrate.

d.alloftheabove

e.aandbabove

2.Ifthenominalinterestrateis8%andrateofinflationis3%,therealinterestrateis

a.11%.

b.24%.

c.5%.

d.3.75%.

3.Ifthenominalinterestrateis5%andtherateofinflationis10%,therealinterestrateis

a.5%.

b.50%.

c.15%

d.–5%.

三、

1.Capitalaccumulation

a.requiresthatsocietysacrificeconsumptiongoodsinthepresent.

b.allowssocietytoconsumemorein