小功率微型轿车无级变速器设计.docx

小功率微型轿车无级变速器设计.docx

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小功率微型轿车无级变速器设计

小功率微型轿车无级变速器设计

目录...........................................................................................................................................1

摘要...............................................................................................................................................1

ABSTRACT.....................................................................................................................................2

1绪论.............................................................................................................................................3

1.1引言.................................................................................................................................3

1.2机械无级变速器的概况.................................................................................................4

1.2.1分类及应用.........................................................................................................4

1.2.2国内外研究情况.................................................................................................51.3带式无级变速器的特点及存在的问题.........................................................................5

1.4课程研究内容及意义.....................................................................................................7

1.4.1设计任务.............................................................................................................7

1.4.2研究内容.............................................................................................................82小功率微型电动轿车无级变速器工作原理.............................................................................9

2.1方案分析.........................................................................................................................92.2结构组成.........................................................................................................................92.3工作原理.......................................................................................................................102.4主要性能参数...............................................................................................................11

2.4.1传动比...............................................................................................................11

2.4.2变速比...............................................................................................................11

2.4.3滑动率...............................................................................................................11

2.4.4机械特性...........................................................................................................113带轮及锥体的设计...................................................................................................................133.1带传动参数计算...........................................................................................................133.2锥体及分体设计...........................................................................................................143.3继续带传动计算...........................................................................................................193.4带轮结构.......................................................................................................................233.5利用CATIA建立三维实体模型...................................................................................24

3.5.1建模软件介绍...................................................................................................24

3.5.2三维结构图.......................................................................................................244轴及轴承的设计.....................................................................................................................264.1轴的初设计...................................................................................................................264.2主要轴承选用与校核...................................................................................................264.3轴向尺寸确定...............................................................................................................284.4轴的校核.......................................................................................................................28

4.4.1按弯扭合成强度条件校核轴的强度...............................................................29

4.4.2按疲劳强度计算危险截面的安全系数...........................................................31

4.4.3静强度安全系数校核.......................................................................................32

4.4.4轴的刚度校核...................................................................................................324.5键强度校核...................................................................................................................35

4.5.1花键强度校核...................................................................................................35

4.5.2输入输出平键强度校核...................................................................................35

4.6分体式V带传动无级变速器的有效圆周力计算.......................................................36

4.7汽车驱动力与行驶速度校核.................................................................................375调速机构设计...........................................................................................................................39

5.1调速机构综述...............................................................................................................39

5.2液压机构设计...............................................................................................................40

5.2.1液压缸的设计计算...........................................................................................40

5.2.2速度输出曲线...................................................................................................426结构优化设计...........................................................................................................................43

6.1分体有限元分析...........................................................................................................43

6.1.1模型及有限元网络的划分...............................................................................43

6.1.2约束条件.........................................................................................................44

6.1.3载荷分析.........................................................................................................44

6.1.4计算及结果分析.............................................................................................44

6.2锥体有限元分析...........................................................................................................46

6.2.1模型及有限元网络划分...................................................................................46

6.2.2约束条件...........................................................................................................47

6.2.3载荷分析...........................................................................................................47

6.2.4计算结果分析...................................................................................................48结论.............................................................................................................................................50

致谢.............................................................................................................................................51

参考文献.........................................................................................................................................52

附录.............................................................................................................................................53

中国地质大学（北京）2009届本科毕业设计（论文）

摘要

目前机械转动应用的带式无级变速器主要是带传动无级变速器。

广泛应用于机械、石油汽车等行业。

机械、石油行业多采用橡胶宽V带式，自动档汽车采用金属带式无级变速器。

无级调速原理目前主要采用国外技术专利引进的挤压带传动式带传动无级变速技术，调速挤压力产生的主要问题:

?

橡胶V带磨损、热变形严重，寿命短，承载能力降低;?

金属带成本高;?

调速时主、从动轮传动带不在同一工作平面内;?

传动带承载能力计算超出柔性体传动的欧拉公式范围;?

带轮槽为曲线形状，加工成本高，尤其无法在家用电动轿车普遍应用等。

通过调研分析，采用分体带轮结构设计，开发新型带传动无级变速器，使其能满足家用微型轿车使用要求，调速时带轮分体在调速机构的作用下可以沿径向连续膨胀活收缩，达到改变带轮的工作直径，实现无级变速目的，消除了作用在V带侧面的挤压力带轮的问题。

毕业课题论文研究主要完成了以下工作:

1、对分体带轮带传动无级变速器的工作原理以及各部分的主要功能分析，说明了新型V带无级变速器可以满足传动要求;

2、结合设计参数的要求，完成了分体带轮带传动无级变速器主要零件（锥体轴和带轮分体等）的结构尺寸设计;

3、优化设计方案，并对主要零件进行了有限元受力分析，确定分体带轮带传动无级变速器的最佳结构参数，保证分体带轮中的分体能通过径向移动实现改变工作直径的目的。

研究工作取得以下成果:

、创新提出分体带轮结构，通过调速控制机构可以改变主从动带轮的工作1

直径，实现连续无级变速;

2、结构简单，成本低，适用性强〔可适应普通V带、平带、圆带、楔型带无级变速）;

3、调速时消除了作用在传动带侧面的挤压力，减小由此产生的传动带的过大磨损等问题;

4、总结出分体式V带传动无级变速器的有效圆周力计算方法。

关键词:

带式传动;无级变速器;分体带轮

1

中国地质大学（北京）2009届本科毕业设计（论文）

ABSTRACT

Thebelt-typecontinuouslyvariabletransmission（CVT）hasbeenwidelyusedinthemechanicsandthefieldsofpetroleumandautomobilesnowadays.Tobeexact,therubberV-beltCVTisadoptedforthemechanicsandpetroleum,whilethemetalCVTisusedforautomaticautomobile.TheworkingprincipleofCVTismainlybasedonthetechnologyofthepressedbelttypeCVT,whichisofabroadtechnologypatent.Themainprobleminvolves

（1）thelikelywearofrubberVbelttheseriousdeformationfromheat,theshortservicelifeandthereducedcapacityofcarrying.

（2）thehighcostofmetalbelt.（3）Themainbeltsandauxiliarybeltsarenotinthesameworkinghorizonwhenregulatingspeed.（4）Thecalculationoncarryingcapacityisbeyondtheformat.（5）Thepulleysleeveisintheformofcurve,andthecostofproductionistoohigh.

Bycarefulanalysis，Theuseofthestructuraldesignofsplitpulley，development

ofnewCVTBeltDrive，Toenablethemtomeettherequirementsofdomesticuseofelectriccars。

Itprovestoreducethewearofbeltandavoidmisalignmentofpulleystoalargeextentbyadoptingthepartedpulleysanduniquemoodtovaryspeed.

Thestudyworkhasbeencompletedasfollows:

1.ItprovesthatthisnewtypeofCVTcanmeetthedrivingrequirementbyanalyzingthework