北语15秋《阅读IV》作业1答案.docx

北语15秋《阅读IV》作业1答案.docx

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北语15秋《阅读IV》作业1答案

15秋《阅读（IV）》作业1

一、单选题（共25道试题，共100分。

）

1.Youngpeopleshouldhavetherighttocontrolanddirecttheirownlearning,thatis,todecidewhattheywanttolearn,andwhen,where,how,howmuch,howfast,andwithwhathelptheywanttolearnit.Tobestillmorespecific,Iwantthemtohavetherighttodecideif,when,howmuch,andbywhomtheywanttobetaughtandtherighttodecidewhethertheywanttolearninaschoolandifsowhichoneandforhowmuchofthetime.Nohumanright,excepttherighttolifeitself,ismorefundamentalthanthis.Aperson'sfreedomoflearningispartofhisfreedomofthought,evenmorebasicthanhisfreedomofspeech.Ifwetakefromsomeonehisrighttodecidewhathewillbecuriousabout,wedestroyhisfreedomofthought.Wesay,ineffect,youmustthinknotaboutwhatinterestsandconcernsyou,butaboutwhatinterestsandconcernsus.Thisrightofeachofustocontrolourownlearningisnowindanger.Whenweputintoourlawsthehighlyauthoritariannotionthatsomeoneshouldandcoulddecidewhatallyoungpeopleweretolearnandbeyondthat,coulddowhatevermightseemnecessary（whichnowincludesdosingthemwithdrugs）tocompelthemtolearnit,wetookalongstepdownaverysteepanddangerouspath.Therequirementthatachildgotoschool,foraboutsixhoursaday,180daysayear,forabouttenyears,whetherornothelearnsanythingthere,whetherornothealreadyknowsitorcouldlearnitfasterorbettersomewhereelse,issuchagrossviolationofcivillibertiesthatfewadultswouldstandforit.Butthechildwhoresistsistreatedasacriminal.Withthisrequirementwecreatedanindustry,anarmyofpeoplewhosewholeworkwastotellyoungpeoplewhattheyhadtolearnandtotrytomakethemlearnit.Someofthesepeople,wantingtoexerciseevenmorepoweroverothers,ortobeevenmore"helpful,"arenowbeginningtosay,"Ifcompulsoryeducationisgoodforchildren,whywouldn'titbegoodforeveryone?

Ifitisagoodthing,howcantherebetoomuchofit?

"Theyarebeginningtotalk,asonemandidonanationwideTVshow,about"womb-to-tomb"schooling.Ifhoursofhomeworkeverynightaregoodfortheyoung,whywouldn'ttheybegoodforusall—theywouldkeepusawayfromtheTVsetandotherfrivolouspursuits.Somegroupofexperts,somewhere,wouldbegladtodecidewhatwealloughttoknowandthenverysooftencheckuponustomakesureweknewit—with,ofcourse,appropriatepenaltiesifwedidnot.Question:

Achildwhoresiststhecurrentsystemislikely_______.

A.tobesenttoprison

B.tobedismissedfromschool

C.tobeallright

D.toberegardedasabadchild

答案：

D

2.YhudiMenuhin,whodiedinBerlinonMarch12,1999,attheageof82,wasachildprodigywhofulfilledhispromisetobecomeoneoftheworld'sforemostviolinistsbeforeextendinghisrangetoteachingandconducting.ThegentlyspokenU.S.-bornvirtuosobecameasrenownedforhisdevotiontohumanecausesasforhismasteryoftheviolin.Thespotlighthasbeenonhimsincehisdebutatsevenin1924.Bythetimehewas13,hehadperformedinParis,LondonandNewYork.InBerlin,hisperformancepromptedphysicistAlbertEinsteintoexclaim,"NowIknowthereisaGodinHeaven."Reportedlytheworld'shighestpaidmusicianinthe1930s,hisstrivingforperfectionmadehimalegend.Menuhinsaidtheviolinmadeitsowndemands,"Almostlikeapagangoddess,exactingacertaintribute."Whenhewas38,oneNewYorknewspaperwrote,"Thefreshnessanduniquepurityofhisplayingisexhilarating.Nootherviolinisthassuchspeakingeloquenceinthetonealone."Hegaveuppublicviolinperformancesinhis70s.Hishearingwasalittleimpairedbythenandhehadtakenonmanymoreinterests.Buthisconductingwasstillfullofenergyandhistravelschedulegrueling."IfeelthatwhatI'velearnedinmusicIcanapplytoawiderepertoire,whichisfunbecauseIamexploringnewterrain,"hesaidinaninterviewatthetimeofhis80thbirthday."ButIfeelnodesirenowtospendhoursworkingawayagainatsomethingwhichImyselfinthepastandotherpeoplecanplayfarbetterthanIcannow.Idon'tseethepoint."ABritishcitizensince1985andalifepeersince1993—BaronMenuhinofStoked'AbernonintheCountyofSurrey—hehadaschoolinEnglandandanacademyinSwitzerlandforyoungmusicians,whomheoftenconducts.Hehasalsohelpedfoundvariousmusicalfestivals,heldtheNehruPeacePrizeandwasagoodwillambassadorforUNESCO.Whilepursuinginterestssuchastheenvironment,organicfarming,alternativemedicine,educationandtheplightofgypsies,hestickstoalong-standinghealthydietandyoga."Idon'tsquandermyenergies.Keepmyselfinfairlygoodtrim.Istandonmyheadeverymorning.Conductingisawonderfulexercisebecauseituseseveryfaculty,"hesays.Question:

Menuhinbeganhiscareeras_________.

A.achildprodigy

B.aviolinist

C.ateacher

D.aconductor

答案：

B

3.IgetjumpyinsidewhenIgetjealousandIfindithardtocontrolthat.AtfirstItrytoavoidit,trytopretendit'snotthere.Mostlythatworksforme;myjealousfeelingsarefleetingthingsanyway.Theyneverlastverylong.IknowthatjealousyisrealandIdon'twanttodenyitinme,butIdon'tlikethephysicalfeelingitgivesme.Isometimeslikethefeelingsbehindthejealousyandbeingmadetofeeljealous.ItsaystomethatIcareenough,likesomeoneenoughtobemovedinthatway.ItmeansthatIamstillintouchwithsomeoneinarelationshipandthattherelationshipisimportanttome,whetherit'samalefriendorawoman.WhenIamjealousit'sasifsomeonewasintrudingonsomeprivateterritory.ButonceIunderstandwhat'shappeningIcantalkaboutitwiththepeopleinvolvedandunderstandit'snotthreateningtomyrelationship,itseemsokay.Itseemslikemegivingpermissiontocomeintosomethingthatispersonalandprivate.Itcanstartouttobeveryprivate,butthatcanbenegotiated.SometimesIwishIcouldtalkaboutitmorewiththepersonthatcausesmetobejealous,butsometimesIdon'tthinkthat'sawayIshouldbeandIdon'ttalkaboutit.Anyhow,jealousyisrealandIdon'twanttohideit.SometimesIdon'twanttotalkaboutitbecausethepersonI'mdealingwithisnotimportantenoughformetospendthetimeandenergyitwouldtaketostraightenthingsout.Ifit'ssomeoneIcareaboutandamgoingtobespendingmoretimewith,IthinkIcanandwouldtalkaboutwhat'sbotheringme.WhenIgetdowntoit,Ithinkmyjealousyhastodowithlowself-esteem,lowself-conceptorfeelinginadequate.Mostlyit'sbuiltaroundinsecurity.ButIdon'tknowifI'lleverbecomethatsecureastonotexperiencesomejealousy.Idon'twantanyonetobethatmeaninglesstome.Itseemskindofdangeroustometobethatsure.Question:

Whatcanbeinferredfromtheauthor'snarration?

A.Heoftenhasalowopinionofhimself.

B.Hegetsjealouswheneverhefeelssecure.

C.Hewilltrytocorrecthisjealousywheneverpossible.

D.Hehasaclearandcorrectunderstandingofothers'opinionabouthim.

答案：

A

4.Thechildrenweresurprisedwhentheteacherhadthem____theirbooksunexpectedly.

A.closed

B.toclose

C.closing

D.close

答案：

D

5.Nowthecommittee____sevenmembers.

A.consistof

B.isconsistingof

C.isconsistedof

D.consistsof

答案：

D

6.IgetjumpyinsidewhenIgetjealousandIfindithardtocontrolthat.AtfirstItrytoavoidit,trytopretendit'snotthere.Mostlythatworksforme;myjealousfeelingsarefleetingthingsanyway.Theyneverlastverylong.IknowthatjealousyisrealandIdon'twanttodenyitinme,butIdon'tlikethephysicalfeelingitgivesme.Isometimeslikethefeelingsbehindthejealousyandbeingmadetofeeljealous.ItsaystomethatIcareenough,likesomeoneenoughtobemovedinthatway.ItmeansthatIamstillintouchwithsomeoneinarelationshipandthattherelationshipisimportanttome,whetherit'samalefriendorawoman.WhenIamjealousit'sasifsomeonewasintrudingonsomeprivateterritory.ButonceIunderstandwhat'shappeningIcantalkaboutitwiththepeopleinvolvedandunderstandit'snotthreateningtomyrelationship,itseemsokay.Itseemslikemegivingpermissiontocomeintosomethingthatispersonalandprivate.Itcanstartouttobeveryprivate,butthatcanbenegotiated.SometimesIwishIcouldtalkaboutitmorewiththepersonthatcausesmetobejealous,butsometimesIdon'tthinkthat'sawayIshouldbeandIdon'ttalkaboutit.Anyhow,jealousyisrealandIdon'twanttohideit.SometimesIdon'twanttotalkaboutitbecausethepersonI'mdealingwithisnotimportantenoughformetospendthetimeandenergyitwouldtaketostraightenthingsout.Ifit'ssomeoneIcareaboutandamgoingtobespendingmoretimewith,IthinkIcanandwouldtalkaboutwhat'sbotheringme.WhenIgetdowntoit,Ithinkmyjealousyhastodowithlowself-esteem,lowself-conceptorfeelinginadequate.Mostlyit'sbuiltaroundinsecurity.ButIdon'tknowifI'lleverbecomethatsecureastonotexperiencesomejealousy.Idon'twantanyonetobethatmeaninglesstome.Itseemskindofdangeroustometobethatsure.Question:

Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueconcerningtheauthor'sideaaboutjealousy?

A.Jealousyalwaysmakeshimfeelsoterriblethathewantstogetridofitrightaway.

B.Jealousyisacompletelyprivatematter.

C.Sometimesjealousydoesn'taffecthisrelationshipwithothers.

D.Jealousyisnotcommunicable.

答案：

C

7.It'stime____aboutthetrafficproblemdowntown.

A.somethingwasdone

B.anythingwillbedone

C.everythingisdone

D.nothingtobedone

答案：

A

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