百校联盟届高三联考全国一卷英语试题.docx

百校联盟届高三联考全国一卷英语试题.docx

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百校联盟届高三联考全国一卷英语试题

百校联盟2021届高三4月联考全国一卷英语试题

学校:

___________姓名：

___________班级：

___________考号：

___________

一、阅读选择

OurPrograms

IntroductiontoLEGOandVEXIQRobotics

Havefunbuilding,designing,andprogrammingrobotswithLegoMindstorms&VEXIQroboticsystems.Buildrobotprojectsandcreationsthatuseworkingsensorsandmotors.LEGOMINDSTORMScombinestheLEGObuildingsystemwithanintelligentmicrocomputerbrickandeasyprogrammingsoftware.VEXIQoffersuniquebuildingchallenges.Nopreviousroboticorprogrammingexperienceisnecessaryforthisintroductorycourse.Ages9-14.

ArchitectureandEngineeringChallenges

Youwillworktodesignandbuildtowers,bridgesandalotofLEGOarchitectureprojects.Havefunbuildingfamousarchitecturaldesignsfromaroundtheworld.Youwillalsobuildstructuresusingavarietyofmaterialsandlearnaboutstructuralengineeringprinciplesandforeesthatactonstructures.Developscience,technology,engineeringandmathematicsskillsinafun,handsonenvironment.Ages7-12.

JuniorPhysiciansDiscoveringtheHumanBody

Discovertheworld’smostcomplicatedsystemthehumanbody！

Inthisprogram,kidswillfindoutwhatit’sliketojourneythroughthehumanbody.Explorethesciencebehindblood,bones,howamodelofthehumanbodyworks,andmore.Participantswilltestforbloodtypes,makeamapoftheirtongue,performsimulated（模拟的）heartandbrainsurgery（脑部手术）,andmore.Ages6-11.

AmusementParkPhysics

Haveyoueverwonderedhowtheydesignandbuildthosecrazyrollercoastersandotheramusementparkrides?

Joinusandlearnaboutfactorsrelatedtodesigningthemeparkrides.We’lldesign,construct,andtestballmachines.Ferriswheels,swinging,amusementrides,andmore.Thisisthewaytoexperimentandbuildasyoulearnphysicsconceptsinafunandactivitybasedatmosphere!

Ages7-12.

1．Whatdothefirsttwoprogramshaveincommon?

A．TheybothuseLegoasanaid.B．Theyarebothaboutarchitecture.

C．Theyneedprogrammingexperience.D．Theyfitkidsofthesameagegroup.

2．WhatisoneoftheactivitiesofferedbyAmusementParkPhysics?

A．Ridingarollercoaster.B．Playingaridinggame.

C．Designingballmachines.D．Havingaphysicslesson.

3．Whichprogramissuitableforasix-year-oldboy?

A．AmusementParkPhysics.

B．ArchitectureandEngineeringChallenges.

C．IntroductiontoLEGOandVEX1QRobotics.

D．JuniorPhysiciansDiscoveringtheHumanBody.

ItwouldbeeasytobelievethatMother’sDaywascreatedbyagreetingcardcompany.Afterall,thedayiscelebratedwithspecialsalesandbrunches,lotsofpresentsandmassiveadvertisingcampaigns.ButthedaywasactuallyconceivedmorethanacenturyagobyAnnaJarvisofWestVirginiaasawayofhonoringthesacrificesmothersmadefortheirchildren.

Jarvis’smother,AnnReevesJarvis,helpedstart“Mothers’DayWorkClubs,”teachingwomenhowtocarefortheirchildren.DuringtheCivilWar,sheorganized“Mothers’FriendshipDay,”wheremothersofUnionandConfederatesoldiersmettotrytopromoteharmony.TheyoungerJarvisWasinspiredbyallthethingshermotherhadaccomplishedwithhersocialwork.

WhenJarviswasyoung,sheoverheardhermotherpraying,“Ihopeandpraythatsomeone,sometime,willfindamemorialmother’sdayhonoringherforthematchlessservicesheofferstohumanityineveryfieldoflife.”Whenhermomdiedin1905,Jarvislookedthroughallthesympathycardsshereceived.Sheunderlinedallthekindwordsthatpraisedhermother,readingthemoverandover.Theoutpouringofkindnessforhermotherinspiredhertocreateadaytohonorallmothers.

Thewhitecarnationwashermother’sfavoriteflower,soitbecamethesymbolfortheday.Shesaiditsymbolizedthetruth,purityandcharityofamother’slove.HerideaofcelebratingMother’sDaywaswearingacarnationwhilevisitingyourmotherormaybegoingtochurchtogether.Childrenwerealsoencouragedtowriteletterstotheirmothers,sharingthedepthsoftheirappreciation.

ThefirstofficialMother’sDayeventswereheldonMay10.1908,atthechurchwherehermothertaughtSundaySchoolinGrafton,WestVirginia,andattheWanamaker’sdepartmentstoreauditorium（礼堂）inPhiladelphia.Jarvisdidn’tattendtheeventinGrafton,butshesent500whitecarnations.

4．Whatistheprobablemeaningoftheunderlinedword“conceived”inparagraph1?

A．ThoughtupB．Figuredout.

C．Foundout.D．Believedin.

5．WhatdoweknowaboutJarvis’smother?

A．ShecreatedMother’sDay.B．Shewasactiveinsocialwork.

C．ShejoinedintheAmericanCivilWar.D．ShetaughtJarvishowtocareforchildren.

6．HowdidJarvisadvisechildrentocelebrateMother’sDay?

A．Prayfortheirmother’shappiness.B．Sendsomeflowerstotheirmothers.

C．Writealettertothanktheirmothers.D．Accompanytheirmotherstothecelebration.

7．Whichcanbethebesttitleofthistext?

A．AMemorableMotherB．CarnationandMother’sDay

C．TheGreatnessofaMotherD．TheFoundingofMother’sDay

TheresearchersfoundthatmorethanhalfofthedeclineintheColoradoRiver’sflowisconnectedtoincreasingtemperatures,andaswarmingcontinues,theysaytheriskof“severewatershortages”forthemillionsthatrelyonitisexpectedto-grow.

Thestudyalsoexaminedtheimpactthatactiontocontrolpollutionofheat-trappinggasescouldhaveontheriver’swatersupply.Somedecreaseintheflowislikelynomatterwhatactionsaretaken,butwithoutanycutstoemissions,theriver’sdischarge（流量）couldshrinkbybetween19%and31%bythemiddleofthiscentury.

TheColoradoRiverstartshighintheRockyMountainsofColoradoandWyoming.Onitsroute,thisriversuppliesmajorcitieslikeDenver,LosAngeles,LasVegasandSanDiego,aswellasfarmsintheUSandMexicothatgrowthevegetablesthatfeed,millionsaroundtheworld.Itsupportsaround$1trillionofeconomicactivityeachyear.

Globalwarmingisreducingthesnowpackthatfeedstheriver.Astemperaturesincrease,snowcoverintheregionisdeclining,meaninglessenergyfromthesunisreflectedbackintospaceandmorewarmsthegroundasheat.Theriver’sflowhasalsobeencutdownbyaseveredroughtduringthelasttwodecades,leavingitstwomainreservoirs-LakePowellandLakeMead-barelyhalffull.

Udall,aseniorclimatescientistatColoradoStateUniversity,saysthesenewfindingsshowthattheonlywaytosavetheriverisbyaddressingtherootcauseoftheproblem:

climatechange.“Thescienceiscrystalclearwemustreducegreenhousegasemissionsimmediately,”hesays.“Wenowhavethetechnologies,thepoliciesandfavorableeconomicstoaccomplishgreenhousegasreductions.Whatwelackisthewill.”

8．Withcuttingemissions,theriverflowwouldreduceby______.

A．lessthan19%B．about30%

C．over19%D．between19%and31%

9．WhatdoestheauthorintendtotellusabouttheColoradoRiverinparagraph3?

A．Itisalongriver.B．Itisveryimportant.

C．Itmakesadequateelectricity.D．Itflowsthroughmorethantwocountries.

10．Whichisoneoftheeffectsofthereductionofthesnowcover?

A．Theweatherbecomesdrier.B．Therivergetsmorewater.

C．Thegroundgetsmoreheat.D．Droughtsbreakoutfrequently.

11．WhatpreventspeoplereducinggreenhousegasemissionsaccordingtoUdall?

A．Lackofwill.B．Lackofcooperation.

C．Backwardeconomy.D．Technologyunavoidable

Today,Marsisafrozendesertwithathinatmosphere,toocoldforliquidwatertoremainonthesurface.OverwhelmingevidenceexiststhatMarshadliquidwateroceansroughly4billionyearsago.Thequestionthatdrivesourinterestsisn’twhetherthere’slifeonpresent-dayMars.WearedriveninsteadbyaskingwhethertherewaslifeonMarsbillionsofyearsago,whichseemssignificantlymorelikely.

ButifwaterexistedontheMariansurfacebefore,howwasitpossible?

MarsisfurtherawayfromthesunthanEarth,andbillionsofyearsago,thesundidn’tthrowoffasmuchheatasitdoesnow.

Theplanet’sprotectivemagneticfieldmysteriouslydisappearedaround4.2billionyearsagoasMarscooledafterforming.Thesun’ssolarwindthenblewawaytheMartianatmosphere.leavingbehindthethinonetheplanethastoday.

Scientistsbelievetheatmospherewasakeycomponentforawarm,wetMarsthatmayhaveoncehostedlife.Tohavemadetheplanetwarmenoughforliquidsurfacewater,itsatmospherewouldlikelyhaveneededalargeamountofgreenhousegas,carbondioxidespecifically.

Currently,wedon’tknowthecarbondioxidecontentofMarsancientatmosphere.SotheresearchersturnedtotheNordlingerRiescrater（陨石坑）insouthernGermany.Itwascreatedbyameteorite（陨石）impact15millionyearsago.ThatgeologyandthechemistryofthesiteactasagoodsimilarfortheMartiansurface.

ResearcherswillstudythepHandnitrogenthatmighthavebeeninancientMartianwater,whichwillshowthecarbondioxidecontentinitsancientatmosphere.ThatwillthrowlightonwhetherMarswasoncewarmenoughtosupportlife.

TheMars2020rover（探测器）willlandinasimilarcraternextyear,collectingsamplesthatwillbereturnedtoEarthinafuturemission.Itcouldbe10to20yearsbeforeMarssamplesarebroughtbacktoEarth.WemightknowtheanswertooneofthefirstquestionsoncethesesamplesaredistributedtolabsintheUSandthroughouttheworld.

12．WhatarepeoplemoreinterestedinaboutMars?

A．WhethertherewaseverlifeonMars.B．WhetherthereislifeonMarsnow.

C．WhethertherewaseverwateronMars.D．WhetheritispossibleforlifeonMars.

13．TheMartianatmospherewasblownawaybysolarwind,becauseMars________.

A．wastoocoldB．hadnowateronit

C．lostitsmagneticfieldD．wastoofarfromthesun

14．WhatdoresearcherswanttofindoutintheNordl