学年新教材高中英语单元素养评价二新人教版必修1.docx
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学年新教材高中英语单元素养评价二新人教版必修1
单元素养评价
（二）
第二部分 阅读（共两节,满分50分）
第一节（共15小题;每小题2.5分,满分37.5分）
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
A
Heneverfeltwellonhisjourneyhome.Hewassick.Butthistime,itwasgettingworse.Hefinallyreachedhomeandsawhismotherandwife,whowereignorantofthefactthatthathappinesswasnotgoingtolastlong.
Thediseaseshoweditssymptomsagain.Heignoredandgavehistimetohisfamily.Inbetween,hesawdreamsandkeptnotingthosedreamsinanotebook.
Thingsweregettingworse.Ithadbeenalmost10monthssincehisreturn.Nodoctor,nomedicine.Hisfamilytriedtomakehimfeelbetterinvain.But,hekeptnotingdownhisdreamsandthoughtsinanotebook,eveninsuchaterriblehealthcondition.
Thatunexpecteddayfinallycame.Hismothergotashock.Afterall,hewastooyoungtodie.Hiswifecriedhereyesout.
Hewasturnedintoashes.Butnothisnotebook.
Dearreaders,thisisatruestory.ThatmanwasnoneotherthanourrespectedmathsmasterSrinivasaRamanujan.ThatnotebookIwastalkingaboutwasfullofnewmathematicaldiscoveriesbutwithoutanyproofs（证明）ofthem.Thoughhehadalmostnoformaltraininginpuremathematics,Ramanujanmadegreatcontributionstoit,includingsolutionstomathematicalproblemsconsideredtobeunsolvable.Duringhisshortlife,Ramanujanindependentlyproducednearly3,900results.Hisworkhasopenedentirelynewareasofmathematicsandinspiredavastamountoffurtherresearch.Nearlyallhisclaimshavenowbeenprovencorrect.
Welosthimataveryyoungageof32years.Whathecouldhaveaccomplishedifhewouldhavelivedforsomemoreyears!
【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文。
文章讲述了Ramanujan在生命的尽头不忘继续书写自己的梦想——新的数学发现,后被数学界所认可而且将被继续研究。
21.Whatarethedreamshekeptwritingdowninanotebookabout?
A.Newmathematicaldiscoveries.
B.Proofsofsomemathematicalproblems.
C.Waystotreathisdisease.
D.Doctorsandmedicine.
【解析】选A。
细节理解题。
根据第三段的But,hekeptnotingdownhisdreamsandthoughtsinanotebook...和第六段的ThatnotebookIwastalkingaboutwasfullofnewmathematicaldiscoveriesbutwithoutanyproofsofthem.他一直把自己的梦想和想法记在笔记本上,而那个笔记本就是写满了未被证实的新的数学发现,故选A项。
22.WhatdoweknowaboutSrinivasaRamanujan?
A.Hehadahabitofdaydreaming.
B.Hereceivednoformaltraininginmathematics.
C.Heprovedmanyunsolvablemathematicalproblems.
D.Hestoppedstudyingmathsandreturnedhomebecauseofillness.
【解析】选B。
细节理解题。
根据第六段的Thoughhehadalmostnoformaltraininginpuremathematics...可知,SrinivasaRamanujan没有受过正规的数学训练。
故选B项。
23.Whatmightbetheauthor’sattitudetowardsRamanujan’sdeath?
A.Inspired. B.Shocked.
C.Guilty.D.Sorry.
【解析】选D。
推理判断题。
根据最后一段“我们在他32岁的时候就失去了他。
如果他能多活几年,他会取得多大的成就啊!
”可知,作者对于Ramanujan的去世深表遗憾,故选D项。
B
ThebirthofBritain’sfirstcloneddoghasbeenconsidered“awasteofmoney”andscientistssaidtheprocessraisedseriousethical（伦理的）concerns.
SooamBiotech,acompanyinSeoul,saidithadclonedthepuppy,namedMini-Winnie,froma12-year-olddogbelongingtoRebeccaSmith,wholivesinthewestLondon.Shehadwonacontestrunbythecompanywhichhopedtoselltheservicetopetownersfor60,000poundsatime.
Mini-WinniewasbornafterscientiststookskincellsfromSmith’spetanddroppedthemintodonoreggstomakeembryos（胚胎）.ThepuppymustremaininRepublicofKoreaforsixmonthstosatisfyBritishquarantine（检疫）laws.
Butresearcherswarnedthatwhileacloneddogmightlooksimilartoitsbiologicalparent,itwouldbeaverydifferentanimal.“Youwouldhavemanychancesofreplicating（复制）yourfavoritepetbychoosingonefromBatterseaDogsHome,”saidRobinLovell-Badge,ageneticistattheNationalInstituteforMedicalResearchinLondon.DuskoIlic,astemcellscientistatKing’sCollegeLondon,said,“Itisextremelyunlikelythatapuppyclonedfromafavoritepetwillbehaveinthesameway.Astimepassesby,thedifferenceswillbemoreandmorepronounced,especiallypersonalitytraits.Itisanabsolutewasteofmoney.”
Thecloningprocessiscontroversial（有争论的）becausetheanimalsareoftenbornwithdiseasesordiesoonafterbirth.
Ithink,it’sunnecessarytotrytoclonepetsforpetowners.First,it’sreallycostly.Second,theclonedpetisactuallyanotherdog.Third,therearemanyhomelessdogsforpeopletoadoptinshelters.Sowhynotjustadoptadoginstead?
【文章大意】这是一篇议论文。
作者主要以英国出生的第一只克隆狗为例,以及引用多方人士的评论来证明自己认为克隆宠物是完全没有必要的。
24.WhatmaybethereasonforSooamBiotech’sworkoncloningpets?
A.Topaybacktosociety.
B.Tomakemoneyoutofit.
C.Tocomfortsadpetowners.
D.Towinanimportantcontest.
【解析】选B。
推理判断题。
根据第二段的Shehadwonacontestrunbythecompanywhichhopedtoselltheservicetopetownersfor60,000poundsatime.可知这只克隆的小狗赢得了该公司举办的一项竞赛,该公司希望将这项服务以6万英镑的价格卖给宠物主人。
由此可见SooamBiotech克隆宠物的原因是从中挣钱。
25.Whydoesn’tthecloneddogenterBritainnow?
A.BecausepeopleinBritainareagainstit.
B.Becausethecompanyisafraidthatitwilldie.
C.BecauseitneedstostayinRepublicofKoreaforresearch.
D.BecauseBritishquarantinelawsdon’tallowit.
【解析】选D。
细节理解题。
根据第三段的ThepuppymustremaininRepublicofKoreaforsixmonthstosatisfyBritishquarantinelaws.可知克隆狗现在不进入英国的原因是这只小狗必须在韩国待六个月,以符合英国的检疫条例。
26.WhatcanwelearnfromwhatDuskoIlicsaidinParagraph4?
A.Clonedpetsareusuallynotlovely.
B.Clonedpetscanbeverydisappointing.
C.It’spossibletoreplicateone’sfavoritepet.
D.Acloneddoglookssimilartoitsbiologicalparent.
【解析】选B。
推理判断题。
根据第四段中Itisextremelyunlikelythatapuppyclonedfromafavoritepetwillbehaveinthesameway...Itisanabsolutewasteofmoney.从最喜欢的宠物身上克隆出来的小狗几乎不可能有同样的行为。
这完全是浪费钱。
可知DuskoIlic对这种克隆狗的存在并没抱有积极的态度。
27.AccordingtoParagraph5,whyisthecloningprocesscontroversial?
A.Itiscostly.
B.Itistoodifficult.
C.Itcanspreaddiseases.
D.Theresultisunsatisfactory.
【解析】选D。
推理判断题。
根据第五段的Thecloningprocessiscontroversialbecausetheanimalsareoftenbornwithdiseasesordiesoonafterbirth.克隆过程是有争议的,因为动物往往生下来就有疾病或不久便会死去。
可知,结果并不令人满意。
C
（2020·无锡高二检测）
Attitudestowardnewtechnologiesoftenfallalonggenerationallines.Thatis,generally,youngerpeopletendtooutnumberolderpeopleonthefrontendofatechnologicalshift.
Itisnotalwaysthecase,though.Whenyoulookatattitudestowarddriverlesscars,theredoesn’tseemtobeacleargenerationaldivide.Thepublicoverallissplitonwhetherthey’dliketouseadriverlesscar.Inastudylastyear,ofallpeoplesurveyed,48percentsaidtheywantedtorideinone,while50percentdidnot.
Thefactthatattitudestowardself-drivingcarsappeartobesosteadyacrossgenerationssuggestshowvaryingtheshifttodriverlesscarscouldbe.Noteveryonewantsadriverlesscarnow—andnoonecangetoneyet—butamongthosewhoareopentothem,everyagegroupissimilarlyinvolved.
Actually,thisisn’tsurprising.Whereasoldergenerationsaresometimesreluctanttoadoptnewtechnologies,driverlesscarspromiserealvaluetotheseagegroupsinparticular.Olderadults,especiallythosewithlimitedmovingordifficultydrivingontheirown,areoneoftheclassicuse-casesfordriverlesscars.
Thisisespeciallyinterestingwhenyouconsiderthatyoungerpeoplearegenerallymoreinterestedintravel-relatedtechnologiesthanolderones.
Whenitcomestodriverlesscars,differencesinattitudeareeasilynoticeablebasedonfactorsnotrelatedtoage.Collegegraduates,forexample,areparticularlyinterestedindriverlesscarscomparedwiththosewhohavelesseducation,59percentofcollegegraduatessaidtheywouldliketouseadriverlesscarcomparedwith38percentofthosewithahigh-schooldiplomaorless.
Whereapersonlivesmatters,too.Morepeoplewholiveincitiesandsuburbssaidtheywantedtotrydriverlesscarsthanthosewholivedinruralareas.
Whilethere’sreasontobelievethatinterestinself-drivingcarsisgoingupacrosstheboard,aperson’sagewillhavelittletodowithhowself-drivingcarscanbecomemainstream.Oncedriverlesscarsareactuallyavailableforsale,theearlyadopterswillbethepeoplewhocanaffordtobuythem.
【文章大意】本文介绍了一个新科技,无人驾驶汽车,这项科技受到各个年龄段的人的欢迎。
28.Whathappenswhenanewtechnologyappears?
A.Itoftenleadstogreatinventionsinotherrelatedfields.
B.Itcontributesgreatlytotheadvanceofsocietyasawhole.
C.Itfurtherwidensthegapbetweentheoldandtheyoung.
D.Itusuallydrawsdifferentreactionsfromdifferentagegroups.
【解析】选D。
细节理解题。
根据第一段“Attitudestowardnewtechnologiesoftenfallalonggenerationallines.Thatis,generally,youngerpeopletendtooutnumberolderpeopleonthefrontendofatechnologicalshift”可知,新科技出现,它通常会引起不同年龄群体的不同反应。
故选D。
29.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutthedriverlesscar?
A.Itdoesnotseemtocreateagenerationaldivide.
B.Itwillnotnecessarilyreduceroadaccidents.
C.Ithasgivenrisetounrealisticexpectations.
D.Itmaystartarevolutioninthecarindustry.
【解析】选A。
推理判断题。
根据第二段“Whenyoulookatattitudestowarddriverlesscars,theredoesn’tseemtobeacleargenerationaldivide”可知,作者对无人驾驶汽车的看法是,认为它并没有产生不同年龄段的代沟。
故选A。
30.Whydoesthedriverlesscarappealtosomeoldpeople?
A.Ithelpswiththeirmoving.
B.Itsavestheirmoneyandenergy.
C.Itaddstothesafetyoftheirtravel.
D.Itmakestheirlifemoreinteresting.
【解析】选A。
细节理解题。
根据第四段内容可知,无人驾驶汽车可以帮助老年人出行,所以也受到老年人的欢迎。
故选A。
31.Whatislikelytoaffectone’sattitudetowardthedriverlesscar?
A.Thefieldoftheirspecialinterest.
B.Thelocationoftheirlivingplace.
C.Theamountoftrainingtheyreceived.
D.Thelengthoftheirdrivingexperience.
【解析】选B。
细节理解题。
根据倒数第二段“Whereape
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