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江苏版届高考英语一轮复习第一部分基础考点聚焦Unit1Advertising知能演练轻松闯关牛津译林版必修4
Unit1Advertising
A卷
单项填空
1.Oneimportantaimofourschoolistoprepareusforthefuture________wecanfaceallthechallengeswithconfidence.
A.inthat B.evenif
C.sothatD.asif
C 解析:
考查状语从句。
句意:
我们学校的一个重要目的就是让我们为未来做好准备,以便我们能够满怀信心地面对所有挑战。
根据句意可知,这里用sothat引导目的状语从句,表示“以便”。
2.AbabybornwiththevirusthatcausesAIDSappears________,scientistsannouncedonSunday,describingitisonlytheworld’ssecondreportedcure.
A.curedB.beingcured
C.tobecuredD.tohavebeencured
D 解析:
考查非谓语动词。
句意:
科学家们星期天宣布:
一个生来就携带艾滋病病毒的婴儿似乎被治愈了,这是世界上已报道的第二例。
appeartodosth.是固定句式,根据句意可知,这个孩子似乎“已经被治愈了”,Ababy与cure之间是动宾关系并且动作已经完成,所以选D项。
3.Thoseworkerstoldthereportersthatthoughtheyweredoingdirtyandtiringwork,theystillwantedtoworkwith________.
A.privilegeB.benefit
C.dignityD.evidence
C 解析:
考查名词辨析。
句意:
那些工人们告诉记者虽然他们干的是脏活累活,但他们仍然希望能有尊严地工作。
选择dignity“尊严”符合句意。
privilege“特权”;benefit“利益,好处”;evidence“证据”。
4.Theyhavedecidedtoshowthechildrenaroundthesmalltownbecausethebrightlycoloredhousesthere________children.
A.appealtoB.appealfor
C.catertoD.caterfor
A 解析:
appealto(sb.)“吸引某人”;appealfor“呼吁”;caterto“迎合;投合(口味、爱好……)”;caterfor“满足……的要求”。
根据句意以及空格后的children可判断答案应为A项。
5.Themostimportantthingtodowhen________anemergencyis________calm.
A.dealingwith;stayB.dealtwith;tostay
C.dealwith;tostayD.dealtwith;stay
A 解析:
根据后面的anemergency可判断第一空应用dealingwith表主动;当主语部分含有实意动词do,后面的不定式作表语时可以省略to。
6.Duetoculturaldifferences,mostartistsfindithardto________Chinesecrosstalktowesterners.
A.getacrossB.takeover
C.comeacrossD.comeover
A 解析:
句意:
由于文化差异,大部分艺术家发现很难把中国的相声传达给西方人。
getacross“将……传达给某人;讲清楚”;takeover“接管”;comeacross“偶然发现”;comeover“拜访;突然感到”。
根据句意可知答案为A项。
7.(2018·盐城中学高三综合测试)DiplomaticcommunicationisongoingbetweenBeijingandTokyo________atavoidingamajorconflict________theislands,saidShenShishun,anexpertonAsiaPacificstudiesatHaikouCollegeofEconomics.
A.aimed;regardingB.aiming;considering
C.meant;concerningD.aiming;given
A 解析:
第一空aimedat...“旨在……”作状语;第二空regarding=concerning介词“关于”,作定语修饰conflict。
8.Moreandmorestudentsare________readinginourschool.
A.benefitingfromB.comparingto
C.givingoffD.settingout
A 解析:
句意:
在我校,越来越多的学生正从阅读中受益。
benefitfrom“从……中受益”。
9.Smithwasoverweight,sothedoctorurgedthatnotonly________havelessfatandmeat,butalsohe________.
A.shouldhe;takeexercise
B.oughthe;takeexercise
C.heshould;takesexercise
D.heought;takesexercise
A 解析:
urge后跟宾语从句时,从句的谓语动词用(should)do。
句意:
史密斯太胖,因此医生敦促他不仅要少食脂肪和肉,而且要进行锻炼。
10.Irecommendthattheplanning________untilallthematerialshavebeensupplied.
A.isnotstartedB.willnotbestarted
C.notbestartedD.isnottobestarted
C 解析:
句意:
我建议当所有的材料都准备好以后再开始实施那个计划。
recommend后面的从句谓语动词要用“should+动词原形”,should可以省略,故选C。
11.—Whatabouttheperson?
—Seldominallmylife________sucha________person.
A.Imet;determining
B.Ihavemet;determining
C.didImeet;determined
D.haveImet;determined
D 解析:
seldom是否定副词,位于句首时句子用部分倒装,因此排除A、B两项;根据句意可知第一个空表示到现在为止的动作,因此用现在完成时;determined是形容词,意为“意志坚定的”。
12.Nineintenparentssaidthereweresignificantdifferencesintheirapproachtoeducatingtheirchildrencomparedwith________oftheirparents.
A.thoseB.one
C.bothD.that
D 解析:
考查代词的用法。
句意:
十分之九的父母说,他们教育孩子的方法与自己父母的方法大不相同。
approach此处是特指,为单数,故为that代替。
one为同类泛指。
13.(2018·江苏四市调研)Look,________beautifulflowers________thegirlcarryingthatshebecomesthefocusintheroom.
A.such;isB.so;are
C.how;isD.what;are
A 解析:
句意:
看,那个女孩正拿着如此漂亮的花以至于她变成了房间里的焦点。
根据句型such+形容词+名词复数/不可数名词+助动词+主语+that...,可知选A。
14.(2018·淮安中学期中)Ifyougotothesouvenirshopsinplacesofinterest,sometimesyoucan’thelp_________________intobuyingsomethingfake.
A.topersuadeB.persuading
C.bepersuadedD.beingpersuaded
D 解析:
考查固定结构。
can’thelpdoingsth.“忍不住做某事”,且you和persuade是动宾关系,所以选D。
句意:
如果你去风景区的纪念品商店,有时你忍不住被说服买一些假货。
15.________bytheadvancesintechnology,manyfarmershavesetupwindfarmsontheirland.
A.Beingencouraged
B.Encouraging
C.Encouraged
D.Havingencouraged
C 解析:
考查非谓语动词。
句意:
受科技进步的激励,很多农民在他们的土地上建了风力发电场。
C项是过去分词表被动、完成,作原因状语,符合题意;A项是现在分词的被动式,表示被动和正在进行;B项是现在分词,表主动和正在进行;D项是现在分词的完成时,表主动且发生在谓语动词的动作之前。
阅读理解
JosephGoldbergerwasadoctorfortheUnitedStatesPublicHealthServiceandhewasanadvocateforscientificandsocialrecognitionofthelinksbetweenpovertyanddisease.In1914,GoldbergerwasaskedbyU.S.SurgeonGeneralRupertBluetostudyaskindiseasethatwaskillingthousandsofpeopleintheSouth.Thediseasewaspellagra(糙皮病).
GoldbergertraveledtothestateofMississippiwheremanypeoplesufferedfrompellagra.Hestudiedthevictimsandtheirfamilies.Mostofthepeoplelivedahardlife.Thedoctorcametobelievethatthediseasedidn’tpassonfromonetoanother,butwasinsteadrelatedtofood.Hereceivedpermissionfromthestategovernortotestthisideaataprison.Prisonerswereofferedpardonsiftheytookpart.Onegroupofprisonersreceivedtheirusualfoods,mostlycornproducts.Asecondgroupatemeat,freshvegetablesanddrankmilk.Membersofthefirstgroupdevelopedpellagra.Thesecondgroupdidnot.
ButsomemedicalresearchersrefusedtoacceptGoldberger’sidea.FortheSouth,pellagrawasmorethansimplyamedicalproblem.Therewereotherthings,includingSouthernpride.
SoGoldbergerhadhimselfinjected(注射)withbloodfromapersonwithpellagra.Healsotookliquidfromthenoseandthroatofapellagrapatientandputthemintohisownnoseandthroat.Heevenswallowedpillsthatcontainedskinfrompellagrapatients.Anassistantalsotookpartintheexperiments.SodidGoldberger’swife.Noneofthemgotsick.
JosephGoldbergerdiedofcancerin1929.Hewasfiftyfiveyearsold.Severalyearslater,researchersdiscoveredtheexactcauseofpellagra:
alackofvitaminB3knownasniacin.
【解题导语】 本文是一篇记叙文。
文章介绍了美国医生JosephGoldberger研究糙皮病的患病原因的过程。
JosephGoldberger医生的认真、牺牲精神令人感动。
1.WhowereeasytargetsofpellagraaccordingtoGoldberger?
A.PeopleinAmerica.
B.Peopleputintoprison.
C.Peoplehavingapoordiet.
D.Peopletouchingpellagrapatients.
C 解析:
细节理解题。
根据第二段中的“Mostofthepeoplelivedahardlife...thediseasedidn’tpassonfromonetoanother,butwasinsteadrelatedtofood.”,再结合Goldberger在监狱进行的实验的内容可知,在JosephGoldberger看来,糙皮病和食物有关,而且患者大多生活条件差;再结合实验中提到的主要吃玉米制品的犯人最后患上了该病可知,不良的饮食容易导致人们患糙皮病。
2.WhatdidGoldbergerwanttoprovebytheexperimentsmentionedinParagraph4?
A.Pellagrawasn’tsoterrible.
B.Pellagradidn’tspread.
C.Pellagracouldbecured.
D.Pellagrawasn’tamedicalproblem.
B 解析:
推理判断题。
根据第二段中提到的Goldberger认为糙皮病不是传染病以及第四段中提到的他为了证明自己的观点而进行的实验的内容(将患糙皮病的人的血液注射到自己的体内、将糙皮病病人的鼻腔和口腔中的液体放入自己的鼻腔和口腔以及吞咽含有糙皮病病人的皮肤组织的药丸)和结果(他没患病)可推知,Goldberger进行实验是为了证明糙皮病不传染。
3.WhichwordscanbeusedtodescribeGoldberger?
A.Devotedanddetermined.
B.Selflessandfriendly.
C.Patientandexpert.
D.Stubbornandenthusiastic.
A 解析:
推理判断题。
文中提到的Goldberger在监狱及在他自己身上做实验的内容表明他全心全意地投入到对糙皮病的研究中,有奉献精神;尽管一些人不认可Goldberger的观点,但他仍坚持自己的看法并坚决地去证明自己的观点是正确的,这体现出他意志坚定。
故选A。
任务型阅读
(2018·江苏时堰中学第一次测试)Whenyoufeeldisappointed,youshouldknowitisnaturalandnormal,andeveryonewillexperienceittosomeextentintheirlife.Sometimeslifedealsusadifficulthand,andeventsandtrialsarisethatwehavenocontrolover.Othertimesitisourownactionsthemselvesthatcauseourtrials.Regardlessofthenatureofourtrials,disappointmentispartoflife’sjourneyandhowwedealwithitwilllargelydeterminethequalityofourlife.Herearesomestepstohelpustomakeourjourneymoreenjoyable.
Firstly,redefineourrules.Itisassumedthateveryonehasaninternal“rule”intheirmind.Ifourinternalrulesaretooperfect,thentheywilldiscourageusgreatly.Forexample,ifwehavearulethatsaysweneedtobeperfect,itislikelythatwewillspendalargeamountoftimefeelingsadanddisappointed.Sowhenwefeeldisappointed,itiswisetoreviewandredefineourrules.Wantanexampleofanencouragingrule?
Trythisone:
IamhappyandIamsuccessfulsinceIhavemademygreatestefforts.
Secondly,remindourselvesnowandthenofthereasonswhyweareseekingtheverygoal.Asamatteroffact,therearemanycaseswherewehaveforgottenouroriginalpurposesalongtheway.Soitisofgreathelptorememberthereasonswhywearecommittedtoapathinthefirstplacewhenwefeeldown.Byrevisitingthosereasons,wewilllikelyrenewourcommitmentandnotgethunguponthedisappointmentofthemoment.
Thirdly,thinkaboutourlargervisionandrecommittoit.Disappointmentismerelyasetbackonwhatwilleventuallybeagreatandinspiringjourney.Sowhenwehavethosemomentarysetbacks,itishelpfultothinkaboutourlargervisionandrecommittoit.Inourlargervision,therefore,adisappointmentisaveryvaluableexperience,whichservesasagoodeducatorandmakesusmoreabletomeetthechallengesofthefuture.
Finally,resetandhaveanewstart.Resettingandstartinganewpreventsusfromabandoningourselvestoselfpityandforcesustogetupandmoveforward.Don’tliveinthepast.Takewhatthepasthastaughtusandkeepmoving.Wakeuptheverynextdayasifourwholelifeisaheadofusandwehavethechancetostartfresh.Nothingthathappenedinthepastcanstopusfromcreatingthelifethatwehavealwaysdesiredorfromaccomplishingthegoalsthatweareseeking.
Title
LearningtoDealwithDisappointment
Introduction
Disappointmentexists1.____________andnormallyinourlifeandlearningtodealwithitispartofafulfillinglife.
Causesof
disappointment
Eventsandtrialsinlifearesometimesbeyondour2.____________.Ourtrialsaresometimes3.___