高英6 Fine arts of putting things off.docx

高英6 Fine arts of putting things off.docx

《高英6 Fine arts of putting things off.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高英6 Fine arts of putting things off.docx（11页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

高英6Fineartsofputtingthingsoff

UnitTwo

Text1:

TheFineArtsofPuttingThingsOff

Ⅰ.Learningobjectives

Ⅱ.Warm-upquestions

1.Howdoyoufindthetext,easyordifficult?

（generalimpression）

2.Whatarethespecificdifficultiesyoucameacrosswhenreadingthetext?

i.Diction（formal,bigwords）

ii.Style（formal）

iii.Tone（serious?

humorous?

）

iv.Allusions

III.Questionsonthetext

1.Whatistheauthor’sargument/message?

⏹Youcanwellputofftilltomorrowwhatyoucandotoday.

⏹Procrastinationisnotaltogetherabadpractice.Sometimesitisrecommendable..

（Comparewithconventionalideas:

⏹Neverputofftilltomorrowwhatyoucadotoday.

⏹Procrastinationisthethiefoftime

2.Howwouldyoucommentontheauthor’stone?

⏹halfserious,halfjoking

3.Readquicklythebeginningofeachparagraph.Canyouseethegeneralorganizationalpatternofthetext?

Workouttheoutline

IOpeningtopresentthetopic（para1）

IIClassificationofhumanbeingsintotwocategories

IIIMainargument:

Procrastinationasaworldwidewayoflife

Para3:

literary/artistic

Para4:

military,diplomatic,legal

Para5:

commercial/business

Para6:

administrative

Para7:

academic

Para8medical

IVConclusion

IV.Analysisofthetext

Paragraph1:

1.WhatadvisedidLordChesterfieldgivetohisson?

Washehimselfagoodexampleofdoingthingspromptly?

Explaintheirony.

2.Tosupporthisthemethatevenwell-knownpeopleareinahabitofdelayingthings,theauthorgivesseveralexamples.Whatexamplesaregiven?

（QuintusFabiusMaximus,Moses,Hamlet）Readthenotesandexplaininyourownwordswhatisthethingthateachofthempostponed?

i.Quintus–delayedbattle（cautionanddelaytowearouttheenemy.）

ii.Moses–delayedpassingGod’smessagetoPharaoh.

iii.Hamlet–putoffrevenge

3.Areyouimpressed/amusedbytheauthor’seffectiveopening?

What’syourimpressionoftheauthor’sstyle?

Inthefirstparagraph,theauthorrefersto5peoplewhoarewell-knowneitherinhistoryorliterary/religiouscircles,whoarethey?

5well-knownhistoricalfigures:

LordChesterfield,Dr.Johnson,QuintusFabiusMaximus,Moses,Hamlet

Whatmakesthefivepeoplerelatedinthiscontext?

Orwhatisthethingthateachofthempostponeddoing?

1.Istheauthor’swayofbeginningtheessayeffective?

2.Whydoestheauthorrefertovisitstothebarber,thedentistandthedoctor“Faustianencounters”?

3.Readthetopicsentenceandcommentontheorganizationpatternoftheparagraph.

4.Examinehowtheauthorcontraststhetwodifferentwaysofdoingthingsandunderlinetheverbs.Aretheyusedinparallel?

5.Inline14,theauthorwrites“untiltheapocalypticvoiceofDinerthreatensdoomforDenver”.Explainwhatthe“Apocalypse”isandwhatisthemetaphoricaluseof“apocalyptic”?

6.Readnote8andtellwhatyouknowof“Faust”

7.Whatistypicalofthose“do-it-nowers”?

Andwhataboutthe“delayers”?

8.Readthe3rdparagraph,think:

whatkindofpeoplemaybelongto“acreativesoul”?

Howmanysupportingdetailsaregivenintheparagraph?

Pleasenotehowtheauthorreferstoaparticularnovelistandlaterto“manyawriter”toconvincethereadersthatdelaycandobenefitstowriters/artistsingeneral.

9.Notethetopicsentenceofparagraph4andhowitisdeveloped.Explainthehumor/ironyintheexamplesgiven.

10.Military/diplomatic/legalmattersarenormallyurgentbusinessthatasksforimmediateaction.Howeveraccordingtotheauthor,postponementremainsaprevailingpracticeinthesecircles.Whatarethedetails?

11.Whataretheexcusesnormallygivenbythosewhopostponewritingacademicpapers?

12.Howdoestheexplosionofinformationbecomeanexcuseforthosewhohesitatetotakeaction?

Ⅲ.Relevantinformation

1.LordChesterfield:

LordChesterfield（1694—1773）:

EnglishStatesman,oratorandauthor;literaryreputationrestsuponhisletterstohisillegitimatesonwhowasborninHollandin1732.Thelettersarenotedforwitandworldlywisdom.Theywerepublishedin1774underthetitle“LetterstoHisSon”.

2.Dr.SamuelJohnson（1709—1784）:

Englishpoet,critic,andmanofletters;theliterarydictatorinEnglandinthelaterhalfofthe18thcentury;stronginfluenceonliterarythoughtandstyle;oneofthemostfamouspersonalities;bestknownforDictionaryoftheEnglishLanguage（innovationinlexicography）

rankofBritishnobleman:

Duke-Marquis-Earl-Viscount-Baron

Duches-Marquise-Countess-Viscountess-Baroness

3.QuintusFabiusMaximus:

Romangeneral,whosecautiousdelayingtacticsgaveRometimetorecoveritsstrengthandtaketheoffensiveagainsttheinvadingarmy;sogetthenickname“Cunctator”;Fabianism（derivedfromhisname“Fabius”）

4.FabianSociety:

foundedin1884;advocatingsocialchangethroughgradualreformratherthanbyviolentrevolutionaction

Adj.employingacautiouslypersistentstrategytowearoutenemy

5.Moses:

aHebrewPatriarch;borninEgypt,ledtheJewishawayfromtheirbondageand,acrossthedesert.DuringthejourneyhewasinspiredbyGod.

6.Jehovah:

thenameofGodusedintheOldTestament

Paraphrase:

MosesjustifiedhisunwillingnesstopassJehovah’sordertoPharaoh,sayingthathewas“slowofspeech”.

7.Faustianencounters:

Faust:

awanderingartronomerandnecromancerwholivedinGermany（1488—1541）andwasreputedtohavesoldhissoultotheDevil;hewastheheroofdramasbyMarloweandGoethe（“Faust”）.InGoethe’stheherohadmanyencounterswithMephistopheles,theDevil.

Ⅳ.Organizationofthetext

Para.1:

Openingtopresentthetopic

Classificationofhumanbeingsintotwocategories

Mainargument:

Procrastinationasaworldwidewayoflife

Para3:

literary/artistic

Para4:

military,diplomatic,andlegal

Para5:

commercial/business

Para6:

administrative

Para7:

academic

Para8:

medical

Conclusion

Ⅴ.Languagepoints

1.exhort:

tryhardtopersuadesb.todosth.

e.g.toexhortthemannottodrinktoomuch

exhortation:

n.e.g.ferventexhortationstorevolutionaryactions

2.getround:

alsocomeroundto;tofindtimeforsth.Ordoingsth.Esp.afterdelay

e.g.--Ishouldbeabletogetroundtothatjobnextweek.

--Afteralongjourneyhegotroundtowritingtheletter.

--Thecommitteewillgetroundtoyoursuggestionaftertheyhavedealtwithurgentbusiness.

3.attestto:

testify/betheproofof/toprovesth.

e.g.Thefingerprintsonthegunattestedtohisguilt.

.4.bedubbed:

a.begiventhenameof

e.g.Londonwasdubbedthe“insurancecapitaloftheworld”.

b.todubafilm

e.g.TheTVseriesisdubbedintosixlanguages.

5.plead:

a.topleadaparticularthingasanexcuse

e.g.–Hemightfinditconvenienttopleadignorance.

--IpleadedthatIfellill.

c.f.b.topleadguilty/notguiltyinacourt（toofficiallystatethat…）

c.topleadwithsb.todosth.e.g.topleadhertocontrolherself.

6.ungodly:

（colloq.）a.outrageouse.g.anungodlyhourtoarrive（atanunreasonablyprecisehour）精确到不近人情的时间

b.wicked

7.todineonsth.:

toeatsth

e.g.Howpleasantitistodineonfinewell-cookedfishandfreshvegetables,insuchcharmingsurrounding.

c.f.todineout:

toeatdinnerinarestaurant

e.g.Let’sdineouttonight.

todineoff:

e.g.Doestheemperorreadilydineoffgoldplates?

用金盘子吃？

8．filefor:

a.toapplyformally正式申请

tostartactioninlawtowardssth.

e.g.Theactor’swifehasfiledfordivorceagain.

b.（Am.E）toofferoneselfformallyforapost

e.g.Howmanypeoplehavefiledforthisoffice?

9.apocalyptic:

forebodingimminentdisasterorfinaldoom预示世界末日的

from:

theApocalypse〈启示录〉a.thelastbookoftheNewTestament,recountingadivinerevelationtoSt.John;Itdescribesvisionsofheavenandapropheticaccountoftheendoftheworld.

b.revelationesp.oftheendoftheworld.

10.DinersClub:

introducedin1950thefirstuniversalcreditcard.

11.Denver:

thecapitalandthelargestcityofColorado（probably:

wheretheheadquartersofDinersClub）

12.doom:

（biblical）endoftheworld.

（text）withdrawthecreditcardfromtheowner.

13.geodetic:

fromgeodesy,thebranchofmathematicsdealingwiththefiguresandareasoftheearth.大地测量学

14.proconsul:

anadministratorinacolony殖民地总督

15.Singaporesling:

analcoholicdrink

16.ruminateabout/on/over/upon:

reflecton/think;toconsidersth.carefullyandatlength.

e.g.–Aspeoplegrowold,theybegintoruminateontheuncertaintyoflife.瞻前顾后

--Manyvaluableideashavecomethroughruminatingovervariouspossibilities.

17.nattering:

chattering,noisy

18.orderin:

a.toobtain（supplies）byordering,usu.inquantity

e.g.Haveyouorderedinenoughenvelopesthismonth?

b.toordersb.toenter

e.g.Theteacherorderedthechildrenin.

（text）:

toobtainsuppliesofmachinegunsandfreshtroopsbysendingouttelex.所幸的是他没有现代化的电传催他调进更多的枪支和援兵。

19.addictedpostpones:

不可救药地

20.echelon:

alevel/rankinanorganization/society

e.g.theupperechelons

21.corporatedynamics:

公司运行机制/动力

dynamic：

adj.sb.fullofenergy

e.g.Thenewpresidentisadynamicandableman.

c.f.thedynamics:

motiveforcesthatcausechanges.

e.g.thedynamicsofindustrialdevelopment工业发展的动力

22.speedy:

e.g.–Aspeedysettlementofthestrikeisessential.

--Suchdoubtswerenowspeedilyremoved.

23.bureaucracy:

a.agovernmentbycentraladministration

b.theofficialsofsuchagovernment,esp.regardedasoppressiveandinflexible

bureaucratize:

governedbyortransformintoabureaucraticsystem

bureaucratization:

excessivered-tape官僚主义化

24.tosmothersb./sth.in/with:

tocoversb./sth.withaheavycoverofsth.

e.g.–tosmotherthefirewithearthtomakesureitstopsburning