专八改错 真题及问题详解.docx

专八改错 真题及问题详解.docx

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专八改错真题及问题详解

2000年-2015年专八短文改错试题,参考答案以与答案分析

2005年3月21日专业八级考试改错

WhenIwasinmyearlyteens,Iwastakentoaspectacularshow

onicebythemotherofafriend.Lookedroundatheluxuryofthe1.______

rink,myfriend’smotherremarkedonthe"plush〞seatswehadbeen

given.Ididnotknowwhatshemeant,andbeingproudofmy2.______

vocabulary,Itriedtoinferitsmeaningfromthecontext."Plush〞

wasclearlyintendedasaplimentary,apositiveevaluation;that3.______

muchIcouldtellitfromthetoneofvoiceandthecontext.SoI4.______

startedtousetheword.Yes,Ireplied,theycertainlyareplush,and

soaretheicerinkandthecostumesoftheskaters,aren’tthey?

My

friend’smotherwasverypolitetocorrectme,butIcouldtellfromher5.______

expressionthatIhadnotgotthewordquiteright.

Oftenwecanindeedinferfromthecontextwhatawordroughly

means,andthatisinfactthewaywhichweusuallyacquireboth6.______

newwordsandnewmeaningsforfamiliarwords,speciallyinour7.______

ownfirstlanguage.Butsometimesweneedtoask,asIshouldhave

askedforPlush,andthisisparticularlytrueinthe8.______

aspectofaforeignlanguage.Ifyouarecontinuallysurroundedby9.______

speakersofthelanguageyouarelearning,youcanaskthemdirectly,

butoftenthisopportunitydoesnotexistforthelearnerofEnglish.

Sodictionarieshavebeendevelopedtomendthegap.10.______

2014改错

Thereiswidespreadconsensusamongscholarsthatsecondlanguageacquisitionemergedasadistinctfieldofresearchfromthelate1950stoearly1960s.

　　Thereisahighlevelofagreementthatthefollowingquestions<1>______

　　havepossessedthemostattentionofresearchersinthisarea:

<2>______

　　lIsitpossibletoacquireanadditionallanguageinthe

　　samesenseoneacquiresafirstlanguage?

<3>______

　　lWhatistheexplanationforthefactadultshave<4>______

　　moredifficultyinacquiringadditionallanguagesthanchildrenhave?

　　lWhatmotivatespeopletoacquireadditionallanguage?

　　lWhatistheroleofthelanguageteachinginthe<5>______

　　acquisitionofadditionallanguages?

　　lWhatsocial-culturalfactors,ifany,arerelevantinstudyingthe

　　learningofadditionallanguages?

　　Fromacheckoftheliteratureofthefielditisclearthatall<6>______

　　theapproachesadoptedtostudythephenomenaofSLAsofarhave

　　onethinginmon:

Theperspectiveadoptedtoviewtheacquiring

　　ofanadditionallanguageisthatofanindividualattemptstodo<7>______

　　so.Whetheronelabelsit"learning〞or"acquiring〞anadditional

　　language,itisanindividualacplishmentorwhatisunder<8>______

　　focusisthecognitive,psychological,andinstitutionalstatusofan

　　individual.Thatis,thespotlightisonwhatmentalcapabilitiesare

　　involving,whatpsychologicalfactorsplayaroleinthelearning<9>______

　　oracquisition,andwhetherthetargetlanguageislearntinthe

　　classroomoracquiredthroughsocialtouchwithnativespeakers.<10>______

1.把of去掉.

2.把possessed改成attracted,

3.把a改成the

4.在facts和adults之间加个that,

5.把第二个the去掉.

6.把第二个of改成in

7.把attempts改成attempt

8.把or改成and

9.what改成how

10.把touche改成touches

2013专八短文改错试题．

Psycho-linguisticsisthenamegiventothestudyofthepsychologicalprocesses

involvedinlanguage.Psycholinguisticsstudyunderstanding,

productionandrememberinglanguage,andhenceareconcernedwith<1>_____

listening,reading,speaking,writing,andmemoryforlanguage.

Onereasonwhywetakethelanguageforgrantedisthatitusually<2>______

happenssoeffortlessly,andmostoftime,soaccurately.<3>______

Indeed,whenyoulistentosomeonetospeaking,orlookingatthispage,<4>______

younormallycannothelpbutunderstandit.Itisonlyinexceptional

circumstanceswemightbeeawareoftheplexity<5>______

involved:

ifwearesearchingforawordbutcannotrememberit;

ifarelativeorcolleaguehashadastrokewhichhasinfluenced<6>______

theirlanguage;ifweobserveachildacquirelanguage;if<7>______

wetrytolearnasecondlanguageourselvesasanadult;or

ifwearevisuallyimpairedorhearing-impairedorifwemeet

anyoneelsewhois.Asweshallsee,alltheseexamples<8>______

ofwhatmightbecalled"languageinexceptionalcircumstances〞

revealagreatdealabouttheprocessesevolvedinspeaking,<9>______

listening,writingandreading.Butgiventhatlanguageprocesses

werenormallysoautomatic,wealsoneedtocarryoutcareful<10>______

experimentstogetatwhatishappening.

1.production改成producing

2.去掉the

3.去掉accurately前面的so

4.looking改为look

5.we前面加that

6.去掉colleague后面的has

7.their改成his

8.anyone改成pure教师someone

9.evolved改成involved

10.were改成are

2012年

Thecentralproblemoftranslatinghasalwaysbeenwhethertotranslateliterallyorfreely.Theargumenthasbeengoingsinceatleastthefirst<1>______

centuryB.C.Uptothebeginningofthe19thcentury,manywriters

favouredcertainkindof"free〞translation:

thespirit,nottheletter;the<2>_______

sensenottheword;themessagerathertheform;thematternot<3>_______

themanner.Thisistheoftenrevolutionarysloganofwriterswho<4>_______

wantedthetruthtobereadandunderstood.Thenintheturnof19th<5>_______

century,whenthestudyofculturalanthropologysuggestedthat

thelinguisticbarrierswereinsuperableandthatthelanguage<6>_______

wasentirelytheproductofculture,theviewtranslationwasimpossible<7>_______

gainedsomecurrency,andwithitthat,ifwasattemptedatall,itmustbeas<8>_______

literalaspossible.Thisviewculminatedthestatementofthe<9>_______

extreme"literalists〞WalterBenjaminandVladimirNobokov.

Theargumentwastheoretical:

thepurposeofthetranslation,the

natureofthereadership,thetypeofthetext,wasnotdiscussed.Too

often,writer,translatorandreaderwereimplicitlyidentifiedwith

eachother.Now,thecontexthaschanged,andthebasicproblemremains.<10>_____

参考答案：

1．going∧since－参加on

题解：

goon的意思是"继续〞,符合句子表达的含义"争论一直在继续〞.

2．certain－改为acertain

题解：

此处要表达的意思是"很多作家喜欢一种自由的翻译方法〞,第一次出现这种方法应该加上不定冠词.

3．rather－改为not

题解：

根据原句的句子结构,rather应改为not.

4．is－改为was

题解：

此句应该为过去时.

5．in－改为at

题解：

attheturnof19thcentury"十九世纪之初〞,是固定搭配.

6．the－删去第二个the

题解：

这里并没有特指某种语言,所以不用定冠词.

7．view∧translation－参加that

题解：

在view和translation之间加上that,可将"translationwasimpossible〞看成view的同位语.

8．was－删去was

题解：

条件状语从句常可以省略主语和系动词.

9．culminated∧the－参加in

题解：

culminatein是"以......告终〞的意思,符合上下文含义.

10．and－改为but

题解：

根据原句意思"现在背景变化了,但是根本问题依然存在〞,两句话之间应该是转折关系

2011年专八真题改错局部

　Fromaveryearlyage,perhapstheageoffiveorsix,Iknew

 thatwhenIgrewIshouldbeawriter.Betweentheagesofabout        1__________

seventeenandtwenty-fourItriedtoabandonthisidea,butIdidso

 withtheconsciencethatIwasoutragingmytruenatureandthat        2___________

soonorlaterIshouldhavetosettledownandwritebooks.                3___________

Iwasthechildofthree,buttherewasagapoffiveyears      4__________

oneitherside,andIbarelysawmyfatherbeforeIwaseight.For

thisandotherreasonsIwassomewhatlonely,andIsoondeveloped

disagreeingmannerismswhichmademeunpopularthroughoutmy   5_____________

schooldays.Ihadthelonelychild'shabitofmakingupstoriesand

 holdingconversationswithimaginativepersons,andIthinkfrom   6_________

 theverystartmyliteralambitionsweremixedupwiththefeelingof 7________

beingisolatedandundervalued.IknewthatIhadafacilitywithwords

andapoweroffacinginunpleasantfacts,andIfeltthatthiscreated  8________

asortofprivateworldwhichIcouldgetmyownbackformyfailure  9________

 ineverydaylife.Therefore,thevolumeofserious—i.e.seriously   10________

intended—writingwhichIproducedallthroughmychildhoodand

boyhoodwouldnotamounttohalfadozenpages.Iwrotemyfirst

 poemattheageoffourorfive,mymothertakingitdowntodictation.

1, 在grow后加up,考固定短语

2, 改consience为consciousness  考词语区别,consience翻译为"良心,道德心〞,consiousness翻译为"意识〞

3, 改soon为sooner,soonerorlater是固定短语

4, 在child前加middle, 考上下文理解.作者是三个孩子句中的那位

5, 改disagreeing为disagreeable,disagreeing只能作动名词,不能作形容词.disagreeablemannernisms令人讨厌的习惯

6, 改imaginative为imaginary,考词语区别  imaginative翻译为"有想象力的〞,imaginary翻译为"想象的,虚构的〞

7, 改literal为literary,考词义区别,literal翻译为"字面的〞,literary翻译为"文学方面的〞

8, 去掉face后的in,face接宾语时是与物动词.考动词的根本用法

9, 在world后加in或者改which为where,考定语从句

10,改Therefore为However或者Nevertheness,考语境.

感悟：

11专八改错相对前几年专八改错要简单一点.本人认为词义区别考得过多了.

2010年专八真题改错局部

Sofaraswecantell,allhumanlanguagesareequally

pleteandperfectasinstrumentsofmunication:

thatis,

everylanguageappearstobewellequippedasanyothertosay         1________________

thethingstheirspeakerswanttosay.                                                  2________________

Theremayormaynotbeappropriatetotalkaboutprimitive                3________________

 peoplesorcultures,butthatisanothermatter.Certainly,notall

groupsofpeopleareequallypetentinnuclearphysicsor

psychologyorthecultivationofrice.Whereasthisisnotthe            4_____________

 faultoftheirlanguage.TheEskimos,itissaid,canspeakabout

 snowwithfurthermoreprecisionandsubtletythanwecanin          5______________

 English,butthisisnotbecausetheEskimolanguage

sometimesmiscalled'primitive'>isinherentlymorepreciseand

subtlethanEnglish.Thisexampledoesnotetolightadefect      6______________

inEnglish,ashowofunexpected'primitiveness'.Thepositionis

 simplyandobviouslythattheEskimosandtheEng