新目标八年级下册讲义.docx

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新目标八年级下册讲义.docx

新目标八年级下册讲义

新目标八年级下册讲义

班级:

__________姓名:

__________

一单元重点必背

一单元单词讲解

1.will–过去式------___________.2.everything+adj此结构叫____________+adj

3.robot

rob

robber

4.paper”____________”不可数名词“一些纸”_____________________

“一张纸”______________________________”两张纸”___________________________

paper作”试卷,文件,报纸,论文”讲时是可数名词papers

5.Couldyoupleasegiveme_____?

A.paperB.somepiecesofpapersC.anypaperD.somepaper

6.onthepaper“在纸上”  inthepaper“在报上”

7.fewer+可数复数“_________________________“

few+可数复数“_______________________“表示否定。

8.pollution名词“_________________”

pollute动词“_________________________”

polluted形容词“污染的”

9.onthetree(是树本身长的)“________________________”

inthetree(不是树上本身的)

10.build----_________________-----__________________“__________________” 

building

builder

eg:

The_________________are________________a________________.(build)

11.inspace不可数,前不用冠词“_________”

而”在太空站”用___________________

12.fly--________________-___________________“_______________________“

flyto….“___________”

13.take---_____________-______________“______________________”

take…..to…“___________________________“

14.fall--_______________-__________________“落下”还有“秋天”之意

feel--_________________-_________________“___________________“

15..alone=byoneself“_____________________________________”

lonely“____________________________________”

16.probably17.suit18.able

probableasuitofunable

19.dress+sb

20.even+形容词/副词的比较级___________________

e.g.:

even_____________________(bad)

21.teachoneself=learn…byoneself____________

22.sound+adj

soundlike+n

23.pleasure.n“高兴,愉快”

unpleasant的反义词____________________(指物)

pleased(指人)“高兴的,愉快的”

bepleasedwith…..

bepleasedtodosth

24.“已经”already()

yet()都用于现在完成时have/has+PP

25.make-_____________–_______________+V

26.simple=easy

27.everywhere=hereandthere

28.so+adj+a/an+名词单数=sucha/an+adj+名词单数

但是修饰名词和不可数名词只用such,so常+形容词

Eg:

It’s____weather,I’llgooutforapicnic.

A.soafineB.suchafineC.suchfineaD.suchfine

29.scientist

science

30.possible

possibly

31.seem+adj

seemlike+n

seemtodosth=Itseems/seemedthat从句

e.g.:

He______(________________)happy

=It_________thathe________happy.他似乎很高兴。

32.noone=nobody“无人”,(表示人,后不加of,用who提问)

none无人/物(后可加of,用howmany/howmuch提问)

Whoisintheroom?

—Noone/Nobody.

Howmanypeoplearethere?

—None.

二、课文讲解一单元P2

1.every“每一个”(重全体,三者/三者以上的)“每一个”,不和of连用.但可用everyoneof

Eg:

Everygirl_____________(dance)well.

Each“每一个”(重个体,两个.两个以上的)“每一个”,可和of连用.

E.g.:

Each________us_________________(have)abag.

On_______sideofthestreet/road“在街道、路的两边”

_______sidesofthestreet/road

2.inthefuture

infuture=fromnowon

eg:

Youcan’tbelatefor(迟到)class______________.

3.liveby“以….为生”

on…“靠….为生”

on+楼层“住在几楼,用序数词”e.g.:

liveon___________(five)floor.

“生活,v”----liveahappylife“过着幸福的生活”

stay“呆(短时间逗留)”

4.usesthtodosth

forsth“为…用…..”

fordoingsth“用…..来做….”

e.g.:

It’susedfor(被用来)______________(send)letters(信).

use…up=runoutof

use/usage“n.用处、用法”

It’snousedoingsth

makeuseof…..

useful

e.g.:

makegooduseof“_________________”

----Weshouldmakegooduseoftime.

一单元P3

1.therebe的将来时态句型----Therewillbe…(肯定句)

notbe….=________________(否定句)

Willtherebe….(一般疑问句)

Yes,___________________________/No,__________________________.

也可用:

Thereis/aregoingtobe表将来

E.g.:

____amatchtonight.A.ThereisgoingtobeB.Thereisgoingtohave

C.TherearegoingtobeD.thereisE.Therewillbe

2.many/much–more--__________“_____________________________”

little--_________---___________.+不可数名“_________________________”

few--_________---___________+可数名词“_________________________”

more+可数/不可数名词

less+不可数名

fewer+可数名词

e.g.:

We’lltryourbesttodo_________workwith____people

(用mangy/much/few/little的适当形式填空)

3use….more

use……less

alot/muchmore

4.“同意’agreewithsb(him/whathesaid(他所说的)/idea(主意)/opinion(观点)

tosth(计划,建议,条件,决定)eg:

-agree____________myplan.

todosth

onsth

with还可以用于事物,气候,话等做主语,“适合“。

5.after和in的区别:

after+一段时间=一段时间+later“以后”(常用于过去时,用when提问)

in+一段时间(表将来,用howsoon“多久以后”提问)

但是after+具体的时间(也可以表将来)

e.g.:

It’llbeready________________aweek.

intheyears(从现在算起)“10年以后”

tenyearslater(从过去算起)“10年以后”

一单元P4

1.incollege=atcollege“上大学”(college前无冠词)

2.fiveyearsago(表过去)

infiveyears(表将来)

3.Whatdoyouthink(插入语)Sallywillbeinfiveyears?

你认为Sally5年后将是什么样子(Sallywillbeinfiveyears是个宾语从句,作think的宾语,要用肯定句的语序)

Eg:

Idon’tknow________tomorrow,Canyoutellme.

A.WhenwestartedB.whendidwestartC.WhenwewillstartD.whenwillwestart

一单元P5

1.space”太空、空间”(不可数名词),前不用冠词a/the

空地(可数、不可数)

room“空间(不可数)

“房间(可数)”e.g.:

Isthere____________/___________formeinthecar?

place“地方”(可数)

aplaceofinterest

“一个名胜古迹”__________________________

“两处名胜古迹”_____________________________________

2.fly-______________________--_______________________

flying

fly-flies“苍蝇”(可数名词)

Howtimeflies!

flythekites=flyakite

eg:

Look,therearemanychildren_________________________kiteinthepark.

fly…to..

eg:

flyrocketstothemoon

ride(rode--ridden)…to…

drive(drove--driven)…to…

take(took—taken).…to..

一单元P6

1.fall---____________________-___________________

fallback”后退,退却”

fallbehindsb“落后于某人”(反义词组)=catchupwith“追上,赶上”

falldown“摔倒,掉下“

falloff“下降/跌落/从….掉下”

e.g.:

Badluck,Tom_____(从….掉下)hisbikeandhurthisleg.

A.fellB.felloffC.fallsD.falloff

2.alone=onone’sown=byoneself

alone“______________”(不含感情色彩)

lonely“_____________/______________”(含感情色彩)

eg:

1)Helivesina_______________(荒凉的)village,helives_____________(单独),buthedoesn’tfeel______________(孤独的),

2)那里什么都没有,除了一个荒凉的小山村。

There’snothing_______________a___________________village.

3.might为_______________的过去式,“也许,可能”

情态动词,可能性很小,还表示委婉,客气。

probably=likely(90%的可能性)

perhaps=maybe(50%的可能性)大于possibly的可能性

4.duringtheweek=onweekdays

5.beonvacation=onholiday

ontour

onbusiness

onwatch

6.keep-________________-_________________“饲养、保持‘

borrow“借”其延续性动词为___________,必须和一段时间连用,如:

for7days等

e.g.:

-----HowlongmayI_________________(借)thebook.

keep(sb)doingsth

e.g.:

--I’msorrytokeep____________________________________(让你久等了)

keepsb(on)doingsth-----“让某人一直做….”

keepsb/sth+adj/adv/prep(介词)做宾语的补足语“使某人某物…..样”

7.Nopets!

8.even+形容词/副词的比较级_______________________

类似的还有:

still+__________________.

much=alot+_______________________________

alittle=abit=alittlebit+__________________________

far+______________________________

e.g.:

1)Heisworkingeven___________________(甚至更努力)thanbefore.

2)Theworkis_far________________(好的多)thanthatone.

3)It’swas___________________(evencold)inAugust.

9.系动词:

sound__________,smell_____________(过去式____________),taste_____________,feel__________(过去式____________).look___________+adj

eg:

feel______________________(好)smell____________________________(好)

10.wear--________________-______________(表状态)

puton反义词____________________(表动作)

dress+sb/oneself

“穿”dress还有“裙子/礼服“的意思

bein+‘颜色

haveon=bewearing(但是haveon表状态,相当于wear,,无进行时态Be+Ving)

e.g.:

Hehasaskirton不能用Heishavingaskirt.on

Eg:

Theboywasableto__himselfwhenhewasveryyoung.

A.dressB.wearC.puton

11.beableto“能”(表经过努力获得的能力,可以用于任何时态)

can----could除了表示“能”,(只用于-现在和过去时态)

还可表许可/可能性或惊讶和怀疑can’tbe“_____________”

E.g.:

Icould/_______________________swimwhenIwas4yearsold

12.someday(将来)”有一天”

oneday(过去/将来)”有一天”

theotherday“前几天,几天前”(常用于一般过去时)

tothisday直到今天eg:

I___________________(meet)hertheotherday.

13.Frenchmen“______________________”

French“____________________”France“_______________________”

14.What’stheweatherlike?

=Howistheweather?

---今天天气怎么样?

Eg:

1)Whatwilltheweatherbeliketomorrow?

=How______theweather_____tomorrow.明天的天气将是什么样?

2)Itwillbecoldthedayaftertomorrow.(提问)

_______________________theweather_________thedayaftertomorrow?

15.doforfun“做………好玩、开心”

havefundoingsth

16.twentyyearsfromnow=_____________ 20years

17.leavesbalone“把某人单独留下”

eg:

Don’t___________thebaby__________athome.不要把那个婴儿单独留下。

18.穿着更随意__________________________________________

Eg:

年轻人衣着随意,平易近人。

Thepoliteyoungman______________________________,andiseasyto

________________________/__________with.

1单元P7

1.when引导的时间状语从句

主句为一般现在时态

一般将来时态will+V从句都用一般现在时态

含有情态动词的句子/祈使句

eg:

1)Iwillcallyouwhenhe__________(come)back(此句主句为一般将来时态)

2)Tellhimaboutthenewswhenhe_________(come)back.(此句主句为祈使句)

2.当need为行为动词(即实义动词时),主语为(物)时用needdoingsth

=needtobedone

主语为(人)时用needtodosth

Eg:

1)Theroomneeds______________(clean)=Theroomneeds____________________.

当need为情态动词时,常用于否定句和问句,needn’t=don’thaveto+V

Eg:

1)You_______tothemeetingifyouhavesomethingimportanttodo.

A.needn’ttocomeB.don’tneedcome(此处need_________________动词)

C.don’tneedcomingD.needn’tcome(此处need_________________动词)

E.don’tneedtocome

2)NeedIgo?

(此处need___________________动词)

---------Yes,you___________________./No,you____________________

Thereisnoneedtodosth

3.wear-_______________--_____________________

4.interviewsbforajob‘为一个工作面试某人”

5.______

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