2021年北京市中考英语真题含详解.docx

2021年北京市中考英语真题含详解.docx

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2021年北京市中考英语真题含详解

姓名：

__________ 班级：

__________考号：

__________

一、阅读理解（共4题）

1、YoungHeroesforthePlanet

Nowadays,peoplearoundtheworldareworkingtohelpourplanet.Checkouthowthefouryoungadultsmadeadifference.

SavingPandas

WhenJackwas11,hestartedagrouptoteachkidsaboutpandas.Healsosoldtoypandastoraisemoneytoprotectpandasindanger.“Ihopetoencouragemorepeopletocareaboutpandas,”Jacksays.

GrowingRight

Kathy,14,setupanorganizationtoeducatepeopleaboutgrowingrightplantinrightplaces.Shealsowroteabooktohelppeoplelearnwhatplantsarenativeto（ 本土的 ）theirarea.

CreatingEnergy

Attheageof12,LindainventedamachinecalledSuperE.Itcollectsheatfromfieldstomakeelectricity（ 电 ）,Lindasaysherinventioncreateselectricityinawaythatislessharmfultotheenvironment.

CleaningUp

Patrick,13,joinedtheOceanHeroesCamplastyear.Hestartedaprojectandpickedupplasticwastearoundnearbylakeswithhisfriends.Thegoaloftheprojectwastofightplasticpollution.

1 ． Whostartedagrouptoteachkidsaboutpandas?

A ． Jack. B ． Kathy. C ． Linda. D ． Patrick.

2 ． HowoldwasLindawhensheinventedSuperE?

A ． 11. B ． 12. C ． 13. D ． 14.

3 ． WhatwasthegoalofPatrick’sproject?

A ． Tofightplasticpollution. B ． Toprotectpandasindanger

C ． Tolearnaboutnativeplants. D ． Touseheattomakeelectricity.

2、WhenIwasintheeighthgrade,myclasswasassigned（ 指派 ）tobefriendswiththesecond-gradekids.IgotthislittlegirlnamedShelley.ThefirsttimeIsawher,shewassilentandcold. Shewassmallforherage,andshedidn’tplaywiththeotherkidsinherclass.

Itriedallkindsofthingstogethertotalktome.Iboughthertoys,crayonsandcandies.ButtryasImight,nothingworked.Onetime,Igaveheracoloringbookandsaid,“Shelley,nowyoucancoloratanytime.”

Shelleylookedatthecoloringbookandthenlookedupatme,andfinallylookedaway.Bythat,Ididn’tknowhowIwasgoingtogetthroughtothelittlegirl,butIknewIwouldn’tgiveuponher.

OneFriday,Idecidedtotellherastoryaboutmychildhood.ItoldherthatIfeltlonelywhenIwaswithmyclassmates,andhowIthoughtonlymyteacherslikedme.Ialsotoldherthateverydaywasabattle（ 战役 ）formeandIfoughtbacktearssopeoplewouldn’tknowhowmuchIwashurting.

Shesattherejustlistening,tryingtodecidewhetherIwaslyingornot.Finally,whenmystoryended,thereweretearsinhereyes.Andthenshedidtheunthinkable.Shesaid,“Thankyou.”Fromthenon,Shelleywasadifferentlittlegirl.Shestartedsmilingandtalkingwithotherkids.

Lookingbackatthis,I’minawe（ 惊叹 ）,becauseallIdidwastohelpherrealizethatshewasn’talone.Ididn’taskhertotellherstory,becauseherstoryismystory.

1 ． WhatwasShelleylikewhenthewriterfirstsawher?

A ． Cold. B ． Lazy. C ． Noisy. D ． Slow.

2 ． InordertogetthroughtoShelley,thewriter________.

A ． wroteherabook B ． madeheratoy C ． drewherapicture D ． toldherastory

3 ． Shelleychangedalotbecausesherealizedthat________.

A ． herteacherslovedher B ． herclassmateswerekind

C ． thewriterunderstoodher D ． shehadtostudyevenharder

3、

SchoolGardensCouldHelpChildrenTryMoreVegetables

It’snotalwaysenjoyableforchildrentoeatvegetables.Butwhatifagardenisbuiltintheschool?

Newresearchsuggeststhatagardeningprograminschoolscanincreasechildren’svegetableintake（ 摄入量 ）.

HowtheStudyWasCarriedOut

Thestudywascarriedoutineightschools.Eachschoolwasinthegardeningprogramforoneschoolyear.Everychildingrades3-5receivedatotalofeighteen60-minutelessonsacrosstheschoolyear.Intheprogram,eachschoolbuiltagarden,wherechildrenlearnedtogrowtheirownfreshproduce,likefruitandvegetables.

TheBenefitsChildrenCouldGet

Thestudyfoundthatvegetableintakeifthechildrenwhogrewtheirownproduceincreasedgreatlyacrosstheyear.Relatedstudiesshowthatincreasedvegetableintakecanimprovehealthandcuttheriskofchronicdiseases（ 慢性疾病 ）.Notonlyaretherebenefitstohealth,increasingthevarietyofvegetableschildrenareexposed（ 接触 ）tomayalsomakemealtimesmucheasier.”Childrenwhoareoftenexposedtoavarietyofvegetablesaremorelikelytotrynewfoods,”explainsDr.KerryJones.Forchildren,growingtheirownfoodisapowerfultooltoincreasetheirintakeofthefood.

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Anyopportunitytoexposechildrentomorevegetablesismeaningful.“Ifchildrenarelearningaboutvegetablesatschool,it’simportanttoencouragethisinterest,”saysJones.Parentscanlistentotheirchildrenaboutwhattheyhavelearnedandreadthehandoutstheybringhomefromschool.Parentsandchildrencanalsoreadbookstogether. Youngerchildrencanenjoyreadingstoriesaboutvegetableswithparentswhoofferusefulmessages.Olderchildrenmayenjoysearchingthroughcookbookswithparentstofindnewdinnerideastocookvegetablesinatastyway.Besides,asmallplanterboxinasunnypartathomecanencouragechildrentounderstandmoreaboutwheretheirfoodcomesfrom.

Teachingchildrentogrowtheirownproduceisagreatwaytoincreasetheirpreferencefortheproduce.Ifchildrenaretaughttoenjoyvegetablesearlyinlife,theywillprobablycontinueeatingvegetablesinthelongterm.

1 ． Whatdidchildrendointhegardeningprogram?

A ． Theydidresearchonnewplants. B ． Theygrewfreshproduceatschool.

C ． Theytookhomegreenvegetables D ． Theybuiltgardensfortheirclasses.

2 ． WhichofthefollowingwouldbethebestheadingforParagaph4?

A ． IdeastoEncourageChildrentoCookatHome

B ． WaystoExposeChildrentoVegetablesatHome

C ． ReasonsWhyParentsShouldUnderstandChildren

D ． SuggestionsWhichChildrenCouldGetfromParents

3 ． Whatcanwelearnfromtheprogram?

A ． Parents’supportmightimprovechildren’sreading.

B ． Schoolprogramscoulddevelopstudents’creativity.

C ． Doingstudiescanpreparestudentsforfuturelearning.

D ． Hands-onexperiencemayinfluencechildren’spreference.

4、

Natureandcultureareoftenseenasoppositeideas.Whatbelongstonaturecannotbetheresultofhumanactivitiesandontheotherhand,culturaldevelopmentisachievedagainstnature.However,thisisnottheonlyopinionontherelationshipbetweennatureandculture.Studiesinthedevelopmentofhumanssuggestthatculture,whethertakenasaneffortagainstnatureoranaturaleffort,ispartofthedevelopmentofthehumanspecies（ 物种 ）.

Severalmodernwriterssawtheprocessofeducationasastruggle（ 斗争 ）againsthumannature.Wearebornwithwildnatures,suchaseatingandbehavinginadisorganizedwayoractingselfishly.Educationusescultureasawaytogetusoutofourwidestnatures;itisthankstoculturethatthehumanspeciescouldlearntoadapt（ 适应 ）,progressandraiseitselfaboveandbeyondotherspecies.

Overthepastcenturyandahalf,however,studiesinthehistoryofhumandevelopmenthaveshownthattheformationofcultureispartofthebiologicaladaptation.Consider,forexample,hunting（ 打猎 ）.Itseemstobeanadaptation,whichallowedhumanstomoveintonewanddifferentareas,openinguptheopportunitytochangelivinghabits.Atthesametime,thedevelopmentofweapons（ 武器 ）isrelatedtothatadaptation-fromrocksandstonestoasetofhuntingtools,andfromhuntingtoolstorulesrelatingtotheproperuseofweapons.Huntingalsoseemstoberesponsibleforawholesetofbodilyabilities,suchasbalancingononefoot.Justthinkofhowthisverysimplethingiscloselyrelatedtodance,akeyexpressionofhumanculture.Itisthenclearthatbiologicaldevelopmentandculturaldevelopmentarecloselytied.

The transmission ofcultureseemstobedirectlyrelatedtowhat’sinourblood. Justassnailscarrytheirshells,sodowebringalongourculture. However,cultureisalsopassedonamongpeopleofthesametimeoramongpeoplebelongingtodifferentpopulations. WecanlearnhowtomakejiaozievenifwewerebornfromRussianparentsinParisjustaswecanlearnhowtospeakEnglishevenifnoneofourfamilyorfriendsspeakthatlanguage.

1 ． WhatisParagraph2mainlyabout?

A ． Culturebelongstohumannature.

B ． Natureteacheshumanshowtoadapt.

C ． Humansaresupposedtobewellorganized.

D ． Educationpushesthehumanspeciestoprogress.

2 ． WhydoesthewritertalkabouthuntinginParagraph3?

A ． Tosuggestsomepossiblewaysofchanginglivinghabits.

B ． Tostresstheimportanceoftoolsinhumans’struggleforlife.

C ． Toshowhowculturedevelopsashumansadapttotheenvironment.

D ． Toexplainwhythereisaneedtocallfortheproperuseofweapons.

3 ． Theword“transmission”inParagraph4probablymeans“________”.

A ． system B ． spread C ． start D ． spirit

4 ． Whatisthewriter’sopiniononthenature-culturerelationship?

A ． Cultureandnatureareseparateyetbalanced.

B ． Culturedependsmuchonnaturetoprogress.

C ． Natureandculturearedifferentbutconnected.

D ． Naturefollowstheunwrittenrulessetbyculture.

二、完型填空（共1题）

1、 

ThePictureofPeace

WhenMikewasseven,heknewhisdreamwastobeaphotographer. Hekeptworkingonitforyears.Recently,hewastryingtotakeapictureofasunset（ 日落 ）toentertheschool 1 competition.

“Mom,ithasbeencloudythesedays. Idon’tthinkIcangetthispicture!

”Mikecomplained.

“Whynotuseoneofyourphotosonthecomputer?

”suggestedMom.

“Ican’t—therulessaythephotoshavetobetakenwithatraditionalcamera.Wehandinarolloffilm,itgetsdeveloped（ 冲洗胶卷 ）,andwe 2 onephotoforthecompetition.”

“Whyisasuns