新概念第三册第五课笔记.docx

新概念第三册第五课笔记.docx

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新概念第三册第五课笔记

Lesson5Thefacts

确切数字

Editorsofnewspapersandmagazinesoftengotoextremestoprovidetheirreaderswithunimportantfactsandstatistics.Lastyearajournalisthadbeeninstructedbyawell-knownmagazinetowriteanarticleonthepresident’spalaceinanewAfricanrepublic.Whenthearticlearrived,theeditorreadthefirstsentenceandthenrefusedtopublishit.Thearticlebegan:

Hundredsofstepsleadtothehighwallwhichsurroundsthepresident’spalace.’Theeditoratoncesentthejournalistafaxinstructinghimtofindouttheexactnumberofstepsandtheheightofthewall.

Thejournalistimmediatelysetouttoobtaintheseimportantfacts,buthetookalongtimetosendthem.Meanwhile,theeditorwasgettingimpatient,forthemagazinewouldsoongotopress.Hesentthejournalisttwomorefaxes,butreceivednoreply.Hesentyetanotherfaxinformingthejournalistthatifhedidnotreplysoonhewouldbefired.Whenthejournalistagainfailedtoreply,theeditorreluctantlypublishedthearticleasithadoriginallybeenwritten.Aweeklater,theeditoratlastreceivedafoxfromthejournalist.Notonlyhadthepoormanbeenarrested,buthehadbeensenttoprisonaswell.However,hehadatlastbeenallowedtosendafoxinwhichheinformedtheeditorthathehadbeenarrestedwhilecountingthe1,084stepsleadingtothefifteen-footwallwhichsurroundedthepresident’spalace.

Todaywe’lllearnthestoryaboutajournalistwhowasaskedtoprovidesomestatistics.nowpleaselistentothestory,thenlet’slearnthenewwords:

Nowlearnthenewwords

（1）.editorn.编辑

（2）.extremen.极端

（3）.statisticsn.统计数字

（4）.journalistn.新闻记者

（5）.presidentn.总统

（6）.palacen.王宫，宏伟的住宅

（7）.publishn.出版

（8）.faxn.传真

（9）.impatientadj.不耐烦的

（10）.firev.解雇

（11）.originallyadv.起初，原先

Afterlearningthenewwords.Nowtrytoanswerthequestion,anddotheaskandanswer.

1.Howlongagowasthis?

（Lastyear）

2.Whywastheeditordissatisfiedwiththefirstsentence?

（Becauseitwastoogeneral）

3.Didherefusetopublishit?

（Yes,hedid）

4.Whywastheeditorgettingimpatient?

（Becausethemagazinewouldsoongotopress）

5.Howmanymorefaxesdidhesendthejournalist?

（Three）

6.Whatdidthelastonesay?

（Thatthejournalistwouldbefriedifhedidn’treply）

7.Howlongwasitbeforethejournalistcouldfaxtheeditor?

（Aweek）

8.Howmanystepsledtothewallsurroundingthepresident’spalace?

（1.084）

9.Howhighwasthewall?

（Fifteenfeet）

10.Whenhadthejournalistbeenarrested?

（Whenhewascountingthesteps

Text.课文讲解

Editorsofnewspapersandmagazinesoftengotoextremestoprovidetheirreaderswithunimportantfactsandstatistics

（1）.gotoextremes走极端，采取极端手段

Eg:

Don’tgotoextremesineverything.

不要凡是都走极端

如果用单数，可用gototheextremesof表示“采取....极端手段。

”

Themanwenttotheextremesofhittingthechild.

这个男人采取打小孩的极端手段。

（2）.toprovidetheirreaderswith....此动词不定时为目的状语，providesb.withsth,或providesthfor.sb.

向某人提供某物

Lastyearajournalisthadbeeninstructedbyawell-knownmagazinetowriteanarticleonthepresident’spalaceinanewAfricanrepublic

（1）.hadbeeninstructed受委托

（2）Write....on...就....写.....这里用介词on,表达“有关，关于”，相当于介词about的含义。

Eg:

Hehasjustwrittenabookonanimals.

他刚刚写了一篇关于动物的书。

Whenthearticlearrived,theeditorreadthefirstsentenceandthenrefusedtopublishit.

refusetodosth拒绝做某事。

Thearticlebegan:

Hundredsofstepsleadtothehighwallwhichsurroundsthepresident’spalace.’

（1）.leadto通向

（2）.whichsurroundsthepresident’spalace

定语从句，环绕总统府的高墙。

Theeditoratoncesentthejournalistafaxinstructinghimtofindouttheexactnumberofstepsandtheheightofthewall.

（1）.instructinghimto现在分词短语作状语，对谓语动词sent作一部说明。

（2）.height高度，宽度width

深度depth长度length

（3）.instructinghimto....现在分词短语作状语，对谓语动词sent作进一步说明。

Thejournalistimmediatelysetouttoobtaintheseimportantfacts,buthetookalongtimetosendthem

（1）.主语为人

eg：

Itookthreehourstogethomelastweek

上一周我花三小时到家

（2）.主语为行为：

Eg:

Paintingthewalltookmeallday.

刷墙我用了整整一天

（3）.主语为先行词it

Eg:

Ittookmeonedaytorepairthecar.

Meanwhile,theeditorwasgettingimpatient,forthemagazinewouldsoongotopress

（1）.wasgettingimpatient,中的动词get作系动词，impatient作补语，对主语作补充说明。

（2）gotopress开印，复印

Hesentthejournalisttwomorefaxes,butreceivednoreply

Hesentyetanotherfaxinformingthejournalistthatifhedidnotreplysoonhewouldbefired

（1）.yetanother又，更。

Another为形容词，除副词yet外，still也可用于another前表示此意。

（2）.informingthejournalistthat现在分词短语做状语。

Whenthejournalistagainfailedtoreply,theeditorreluctantlypublishedthearticleasithadoriginallybeenwritten

（1）.failtodosth.没能够做成某事。

（2）.asithadoriginallybeenwritten按照原先写的样式，as引导的方式状语从句，修饰published

Eg:

Heoperatedthemachineastheinstructionsaid.

他按照说明操作机器。

Aweeklater,theeditoratlastreceivedafoxfromthejournalist

Notonlyhadthepoormanbeenarrested,buthehadbeensenttoprisonaswell

Notonly用于句首时，其后需用倒装句

Eg:

Notonlyisthisyoungmanintelligent,buthardworkingaswell.

这个年轻人，不仅聪明，而且勤奋

However,hehadatlastbeenallowedtosendafoxinwhichheinformedtheeditorthathehadbeenarrestedwhilecountingthe1,084stepsleadingtothefifteen-footwallwhichsurroundedthepresident’spalace.

（1）.inwhich引导一定语从句，修饰afax,此处in不能省略，相当于inthefax.

（2）.whilecounting为时间状语

（3）.leadingto,现在分词短语，作定语后置修饰steps.

Summary

Thoughthejournalistimmediatelysetouttogetthefactsafterreceivinginstructionsfromhiseditor,hedidnotsendthematonce.Meanwhile,theeditorwasgettingimpatient,sohesentthreefaxes,finallythreateningtofirethejournalist.Whenthelastfaxwasunanswered,thearticlewaspublishedinitsoriginalform.Thejournalistsenttheeditorafaxaweeklaterexplaininghehadbeenimprisonedaftercountingthestepsandmeasuringtheheightofthewall.

KeytoVocabulary

journalist=reporter

instructed=ordered=commissioned

well-known=famous

publish=print=issue

surrounds=encircles

fired=sacked=dismissed

reluctantly=unwillingly

KeytoComposition

Apossibleanswer

Thejournalistcountedthenumberofstepsashewearilyclimbeduptothehighwallsurroundingthepresident’spalace.Onarrivingatthemaingate,hesatdowntogethisbreathback.Hethenproducedatapemeasureinordertomeasurethewall.Whilehewasbusymeasuringthewall,apolicemanapproachedhimandaskedhimwhathewasdoing.Thoughthejournalistexplainedhewasareporterandhiseditorhadaskedhimtofindouttheexactheightofthewall,thepolicemanrefusedtobelievehim.Hewasarrestedandsenttoprisonbecausethepolicethoughtthathemightevenwanttoassassinatethepresident.Whenthejournalistinsistedhewasinnocent,hemadethingsworseforhimself.Thisprovedtothepolicethatthemancertainlywasguiltyanddeservedtostayinprisonindefinitely.

Keytoletterwriting

Address

Date

DearJack

Manycongratulationsonyourrecentmarriage!

QuitebychanceIhappenedtoreadaboutyourweddinginourlocalnewspaperandIwasthrilledwiththenews.Yourswifesoundssoundsreallycharming.Igatherthatyouwillbothbemovingtoourares,sowe’llsoonbeneighbours.Ihopeyou‘llbeveryhappyandI’llbeabletoseeyousoon.

Ilookforwardtoseeingyouagainandmeetingyourwife.Mykindestregardstoyouboth.

Yourssincerely

signature

Grammar语法

Someanythe

（1）.the和some都限定词

（2）.some和any用来修饰不可数名词和可数名词复数

（3）.someany经常用于表示非确定的或未知的数目或数量

（4）.some不用否定句中。

（5）.疑问句中既可用some和any，其区别在于当询问某人以确认某事是否为事实时使用some，但对某事并不确切地知道时，使用any

Doyouhavesomequestions?

你是有几个问题要问吧？

Doyouhaveanyquestions?

你有问题要问吗？

（6）.否定词用句首时要倒装

1.否定词或具有否定含义的副词，如：

never,rarely,seldom,little,onnoaccount等用于句首时，必须后接（be,do,have,can,must,+主语+句子的其他部分）

NeverhashelivedinLondonbefore

2.与only构成的词组置于句首时，句子往往也要倒装

OnlythendidIrealizehowdangerousthesituationhadbeen.

3.so+形容词（that）和（...that）引导的句子也需要倒装。

Suchwashasstrengththathecouldbendtheironbars

他力气大的能把这个铁棍弯过来

.