初中状语从句考点归纳.docx

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初中状语从句考点归纳.docx

初中状语从句考点归纳

状语从句

状语从句指句子用作状语时,起副词作用的句子。

它可以修饰谓语、非谓语动词、定语、状语或整个句子。

根据其作用可分为时间、地点、原因、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式和比较等从句。

状语从句一般由连词(从属连词)引导,也可以由词组引起。

从句位于句首或句中时通常用逗号与主句隔开,位于句尾时可以不用逗号隔开。

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1.时间状语从句

(1)时间状语从句常用when,as(当..时候),while,before,after,since,till,until,assoonas等连词来引导。

例如:

HehadlearnedalittleChinesebeforehecametoChina.

Afterhefinishedmiddleschool,hewenttoworkinafactory.

(2)在时间状语从句里,主句用将来时态时,从句通常不用将来时态,用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。

(主将从现)例如:

I’llringyouupassoonasIgettoNewYork.

Iwilltellhimeverythingwhenhecomesback.

Hewon’tbelieveituntilheseesitwithhisowneyes.

(3)在带有till或until引导的时间状语从句的主从复合句里,如果主句用肯定式,其含义是“一直到……时”,谓语动词只能用延续性动词。

如果主句用否定式,其含义是“直到……才……”,“在……以前不……”,谓语动词可用瞬间性动词。

例如:

Theyoungmanreadtillthelightwentout.

Let’swaituntiltherainstops.

Wewon’tstartuntilBobcomes.

Don’tgetoffuntilthebusstops.

2.条件状语从句

(1)条件状语从句通常由if,unless(除非)引导。

例如:

Whatshallwedoifitsnowstomorrow?

Don’tleavethebuildingunlessItellyouto.

(2)在条件状语从句里,谓语动词通常用现在时态表示将来的动作或状态。

(主将从现)例如:

(必考)

I’llhelpyouwithyourEnglishifIamfreetomorrow.

Hewon’tbelateunlessheisill.

(3)“祈使句+and(or)+陈述句”在意思上相当于一个带有条件状语从句的复合句。

例如:

Hurryup,oryou’llbelate.

=Ifyoudon’thurryup,you’llbelate.

Studyhardandyouwillpasstheexam.

=Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpasstheexam.

3.原因状语从句

(1)原因状语从句通常由because,since,as引导。

例如:

Hedidn’tcometoschoolbecausehewasill.

Asitisraining,weshallnotgothezoo.

Sinceyoucan’tanswerthequestion,I’llasksomeoneelse.

(2)because表示直接原因,语气最强。

Because引导的原因状语从句多放在主句之后。

As和since语气较弱,一般用来表示明显的原因。

由as和since引导的原因状语从居多放在句首。

例如:

------Whyaren’tgoingthere?

------BecauseIdon’twantto.

Ashehasnocar,hecan’tgetthereeasily.

Sincewehavenomoney,wecan’tbuyit.

(3)because和so不能同用在一个句子里。

4.结果状语从句

(1)结果状语从句由so…that,such…that引导。

例如:

Heissopoorthathecan’tbuyabikeforhisson.

Sheissuchagoodteacherthateverybodylikesher.

(2)so…that与such...that可以互换(可能会考)。

例如:

在由so...that引导的结果状语从句中,so是副词,与形容词连用。

其结构是:

“...so+形容词(副词)+that+从句”。

例如:

Motherlivessofarawaythatwehardlyeverseeher.

在由such…that引导的结果状语从句中,such是形容词,它修饰的可以是单数或复数可数名词,也可以是不可数名词;名词前面可以带形容词,也可不带。

如果是单数可数名词,前面需加不定冠词a或an。

例如:

Itwassuchahotdaythatnobodywantedtodoanything.

有时上述两种结构是可以互换的。

例如:

Itwassuchawonderfulfilmthatallofuswantedtoseeitagain.

=Thefilmwassowonderfulthatallofuswantedtoseeitagain.

Itissuchanimportantmatchthatnobodywantstomissit.

=Thematchissoimportantthatnobodywantstomissit.

(3)如果名词前由many,much,little,few等词修饰时,只能用so,不用such。

例如:

Soonthereweresomanydeerthattheyateupallthewildroses.

Hehassolittletimethathecan’tgotothecinemawithyou.

5.比较状语从句

比较状语从句通常由as…as(否定notso/as...as),比较级+than…等连词引导。

例如:

TomrunsfasterthanJohndoes.

Thisclassroomisasbigasthatone.

6.目的状语从句

(1)目的状语从句通常由sothat,inorderthat引导。

例如:

Westartedearlysothatwecouldcatchthefirsttrain.

Hestudieshardsothathecouldworkbetterinthefuture.

Weusedthecomputerinorderthatwemightsavetime.

(2)sothat既可引导目的状语从句,又可引导结果状语从句。

区别这两种从句的办法有两个:

1)目的状语从句里往往带有情态动词can,could,may,might等。

2)从意思上看,目的状语从句往往表示的目的很明确。

例如:

Speakclearlysothattheymayunderstandyou.(目的状语从句)

Jackisbadlyillsothathehastorest.(结果状语从句)

7.让步状语从句

(1)让步状语从句通常由although,though等连词引导。

例如:

Thoughheisyoung,heknowsalot.

AlthoughIamtired,Imustgoonworking.

(2)although(though)与but不能用在同一个句子中。

例如:

我们不能说:

Thoughitwasraininghard,buthestillwentout.

应该说:

Thoughitwasraininghard,hestillwentout.或Itwasraininghard,buthestillwentout.

8.地点状语从句

地点状语从句常常由where来引导。

例如:

Gowhereyoulike.

Wherethereisawill,thereisaway.

易混引导词

while,when的区别:

  既可以指"时间点",与瞬间动词连用,也可以指"时间段",与延续性动词连用(=while)。

如:

  Whenhecamein,hismotherwascooking.

  When(While)wewereatschool,wewenttothelibraryeveryday.

  While表示时间段,因此,while从句的谓语动词要用延续性动词。

如:

  Pleasedon'ttalksoloudwhileothersareworking.  2.Because,as,since的区别:

  Because用于表示直接原因,回答why提出的问题,语气最强;As用于说明原因,着重点在主句,常译成"由于";since表示显然的或已知的理由或事实,常译成"既然"。

如:

  Waterisveryimportantbecausewecan'tlivewithoutit.

  Hedidn'tcomeyesterdayashismotherwasill.

  I'lldoitforyousinceyouarebusy.

【实例解析】

willstayhealthy_______youdomoreexercise,suchasrunningandwalking.

A.ifB.howC.beforeD.where

2.---Shallwegoonworking?

---Yes,_________Iprefertohavearest.

A.whenB.ifC.becauseD.though

ofusknewwhathadhappened_________theytoldusaboutit.

A.whenB.untilC.afterD.though

hopeyou’llenjoyyourtrip,dear!

---Thankyou,mum.I’llgiveyouacall_________Igetthere.

A.untilB.assoonasC.sinceD.till

考点精炼

一.单项填空

1._______he’sold,hecanstillcarrythisheavybag.

A.ThoughB.SinceC.ForD.So

2.---Doyouknowifhe_______toplaybasketballwithus?

---Ithinkhewillcomeifhe______freetomorrow.

A.comes;isB.comes;willbeC.willcome;isD.willcome;willbe

3.Inthezooifachild_____intothewaterandcan’tswim,thedolphinsmaycomeup______him.

A.willfall;tohelpB.falls;tohelp

C.willfall;helpD.falls;helping

4.Idon’tremember________heworkedinthatcitywhenhewasyoung.

A.whatB.whichC.whereD.who

5.Wewillstayathomeifmyaunt________tovisitustomorrow.

A.comesB.comeC.willcomeD.iscoming

6.Thepoliceaskedthechildren_______crossthestreet________thetrafficlightsturnedgreen.

A.not;beforeB.don’t;whenC.notto;untilD.not;after

7.Iwaslateforclassyesterday_______therewassomethingwrongwithmybike.

A.whenB.thatC.untilD.because

8.I’llgoswimmingwithyouifI________freetomorrow.

A.willbeB.shallbeC.amD.was

9.Intheexam,the________youare,______the_______mistakesyouwillmake.

A.careful;littleB.morecareful;fewest

C.morecareful;fewerD.morecareful;less

10.Youshouldfinishyourlessons_______yougoouttopaly.

A.beforeB.afterC.whenD.while

11.Ihurried_____Iwouldn’tbelateforclass.

A.sinceB.sothatC.asifD.unless

12.Whenyoureadthebook,you’dbettermakeamark_______youhaveanyquestions.

A.whichB.thatC.whereD.though

13.Theteacherraisedhisvoice_______allthestudentscouldhearhim.

A.forB.sothatC.becauseD.inorder

14.Hetookoffhiscoat_______hefelthot.

A.becauseB.asC.ifD.since

15.Itis______thatwe’dliketogooutforawalk.

A.alovelydayB.toolovelyaday

C.solovelyadayD.suchlovelyaday

16.Maryhad______muchworktodothatshestayedatherofficeallday.

A.suchB.soC.tooD.very

17._______Ifeltverytired,Itriedtofinishthework.

A.AlthoughB.BecauseC.AsD.Asif

18.______thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.

A.WithB.SinceC.WhileD.As

19.______wellyoucandrive,youmustdrivecarefully.

A.SolongasB.Inorderthat

C.NomatterhowD.Themoment

20.Writetomeassoonasyou________toBeijing.

A.willgetB.getC.gettingD.got

真题演练

(2010河北省卷42.1)Peterlikesreadinganewspaper_________heishavingbreakfast.

  A.untilB.whileC.becauseD.though

(2010.江苏省盐城市12.1)Manystudentsdidn'trealizetheimportanceofstudy_____theyleftschool.

  

(2010四川省内江市39.1)Idon'tknowifit______,wewon'tgoonapicnic.

  ;rainsrain;rainsrain;willrain

(2010山东省潍坊市29.1)Youhavetoleavenow________youcancatchtheearlybus.

  thatsoonas

(2010浙江省衢州市23.1)Youshouldgooveryourtestpaper_____youhanditin.

  A.beforeB.thoughC.becauseD.assoonas

(2010江苏省无锡市12.1)Scientistssayitmaybeafewyears______itispossibletotestthenewmedicineonpatients.

  

(2010年上海市37.1)Wewillhavenowatertodrink_______wedon'tprotecttheearth.

  

(2010江苏省扬州市41)-Couldweplayfootballinyourplayground,Sir?

  -No,_______youhavetheprincipal'spermission(校长许可).

  

(2010四川省成都市35.1)Iwon'tbeabletounderstandwhatyousay,_______youspeaktooquickly.

  

(2010浙江省湖州市22,1)-Iseveryoneheretoday?

  isathome_____hehasgotabadcold.

  

(2010山西省27,1)Insummer,foodgoesbadeasily________itisputintherefrigerator.

  A.untilB.ifC.unless

(2010河南省25,1)________it'sdifficulttomakeherdreamcometrue,shenevergivesup

  

(2010山东省莱芜市27,1)-IhearJackChanwillcometoLaiwunextweek.

  -Really?

_______hecomes,myyoungersisterwillbeveryhappy,

  A.IfB.UntilC.UnlessD.Before

(2010贵州省铜仁市35,1)-MayIgototheconcertwithyou?

  -I'mafraidnot____youhaveaticket,becauseIhaveonlyone.

  A.sinceB.ifC.unlessD.though

(2010山东省菏泽市27,1)Maryspendsalotofmoneyonclothes_______herfamilyisnotrich.

  A.becauseB.thoughC.ifD.so

(2010黑龙江省鸡西市29,1)Usually,wedon'tknowhowimportantsomethingis______weloseit.

  A.orB.untilC.assoonas

(2010广西省定西市15,1)Shehadastomachache________sheatesomethingbad.

  A.soB.becauseC.orD.although

(2010福建三明29.1)Manychildrenlikefriedchicken_______itisunhealthyfood.

  

(2010广西南宁32.1)knewnothingaboutthegoodnews______hiswifetoldittohim.

  

(2010四川达州29.1)Idon'tknowifJack________.Ifhe________,callme,please.

  A.willcome;willcomesB.comes;come

  C.comes;willcomeD.willcome;comes

(2010天津市41,1)Wewon'tstartthemeeting______ourteacherarrives.

  

(2010青海省宁夏33,1)-Didyoucatchwhattheteachersaid?

  -No.Shespokesofast_______Icouldn'thearherveryclearly.

  A.whichB.thatC.whenD.since

(2010辽宁省沈阳市8,1)____itsnowedheavilyyesterday,nobodyinourclassmissedthelesson.

  A.ThoughB.BecauseC.UnlessD.Since

(2010江苏省镇江市8,1)AtouristwilleasilylosehiswayinBeijing_________hehasamaporaguide.

  A.ifB.becauseC.unlessD.when

(2010广东省1

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