高中英语Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars练习试题人教版.docx
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高中英语Unit4Astronomythescienceofthestars练习试题人教版
Unit4 Astronomy:
thescienceofthestars
【导语】 关于大地起源的神话有许多,你了解多少呢?
Thesky
andtheearthwereatfirstoneblurredentitylikeanegg.ThenPanguwasbornintoit.Theseparationoftheskyandtheearthtookeighteenthousandyears.Theyangwhichwaslightandpure,rosetobecomethesky;andtheyinwhichwasheavyandmurky,sanktoformtheearth.BetweenthemwasPangu,whowentthroughninechangeseveryday,hiswisdomisgreaterthanthatoftheskyandhisabilityisgreaterthanthatoftheearth.Everydaytheskyrosetenfeethigher,theearthbecametenfeetthicker,andPangugrewtenfeettaller.Anothereighteenthousandyearspassed,andtherewasanextremelyhighsky,anextremelythickearth,andanextremelytallPangu.AfterPangudied,hisheadturnedintotheFiveSacredMountains(MountTai,MountHeng,MountHua,MountHeng,MountSong),hiseyesturnedintothemoonandthesun,hisbloodchangedintowaterinriverand
sea,hishairintograss.Inall,theuniverseandPangucombineinone.
【词海拾贝】
1.entityn.混沌整体
2.murkyadj.黑暗的
3.wisdomn.智慧,才智
4.extremelyadv.极其,非常,极为
5.combinev.使联合,结合
【问题思考】
1.Doyouagreeontheformingoftheuniverse?
Giveyourreasons.
_______________________________________________________
答案:
No,Idon'tagree.Becausethescientistshavealreadyfoundouthowtheuniverseformed.
2.WhatkindofpeopleisPanguinyoureyes?
_______________________________________________________
答案:
IthinkPanguisverygreatanddetermined.Heisahero.
Ⅰ.为单词选择正确释义
1.oxygenA.猛烈的;激烈的;强暴的
2.existB.有害的
3.harmfulC.氧
4.puzzleD.生存;存在
5.violentE.(使)迷惑;(使)为难 n.迷;难题
答案:
1-C 2-D 3-B 4-E 5-A
Ⅱ.根据所给汉语提示写出单词
1.________n.天文学
2.________adj.太阳的
3.________n.系统;体系;制度
4.________n.宗教;宗教信仰
5.________n.原子
答案:
1.astronomy 2.solar 3.system 4.religion
5.atom
Ⅲ.根据英语释义写出单词
1.__________:
differentfrom,notsimilarto
2.__________:
themixedgasesthatsurroundtheearth
3.__________:
forthatreason;forthisreason
4.__________:
increase,addtothenumberof
5.__________:
veryimportantornecessary
6.__________:
ideathattriestoexplainsomething
答案:
1.Unlike 2.Atmosphere 3.thus 4.multiply
5.Fundamental 6.theory
Ⅳ.选用短语的适当形式完成句子
intime;layeggs;givebirthto;inone'sturn;prevent...from;beharmfulto
1.Abird________
____inthenestithasbuilt.
答案:
layseggs
2.Doyouthinkwe'llbe____________tocatchthetraintogotoParis?
答案:
intime
3.Nomatterwhathappens,nothingandnobodycan________theplan________beingcarriedout.
答案:
prevent from
4.Readingindimlight____________youreyes.
答案:
isharmfulto
5.Afterthesecondcompetitorwentoffthestage,mysonwentontothestagetoperform____________.
答案:
inhisturn
6.Hetoldushappilythathiswifewould____________ababythenextweekandthathewouldbeafather.
答案:
givebirthto
Ⅴ.领会句子所用的句型并翻译成汉语
1.What_it_was_tobecomewasuncertainuntilbetween4.5and3.8billionyearsagowhenthedustsettledintoasolidglobe.
_______________________________________________________
答案:
随后它会变成什么没人能知道,直到45~38亿年前,这团尘埃才慢慢地形成了一个固体的球状物。
2.Theearthbecamesoviolentthat_itwasnotclearwhethertheshapewouldlastornot.
_______________________________________________________
答案:
地球(开始)变得激烈动荡,不知道这个固体形状是否会继续存在下去。
3.Thisproducedachainreaction,which_made_it_possibleforlifetodevelop.
_______________________________________________________
答案:
这就产生了一个连锁反应,使生命的发展成为可能。
4.Sowhether_lifewillcontinueontheearthformillionsofyearstocomewilldependonwhether_thisproblemcanbesolved.
_______________________________________________________
答案:
所以,在未来的数百万年中,生命能否在地球上延续取决于这个问题能否得到解决。
课文表层理解
Ⅰ.判断正(T)误(F)
1.TheearthappearedbeforetheBigBanghappened.(F)
2.Theoriginalatmosphereconsistedofnitrogenandoxygen.(F)
3.Themaindifferencebetweentheearthandotherplanetsisthatthereiswaterontheearth.(T)
4.Lifebeganinwaterandthenonland.(T)
5.Mammalsappearedbeforethedevelopmentofdinosaurs.(F)
6.Dinosaurscouldgivebirthtoyoungbabyanimalsandproducedmilktofeedthem.(F)
7.Humanbeingsproducetoomuchcarbondioxidewhichcausestheglobalwarmingontheearth.(T)
8.Accordingtothetext,humanbeingswoulddisappearintheend.(F)
Ⅱ.读
课文回答问题
1.What'sthemainideaofthetext?
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
答案:
Thetextmainlytellsustheformationoftheearthandthedevelopmentoflifeonit.
2.Whywastheearthdifferentfromtheotherplanets?
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
答案:
Becausethereiswaterontheearth.
3.Whydidthedinosaursdisappearsuddenly?
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
答案:
Nooneknowsthat,anditremainsamystery.
Ⅲ.表格填空
Howdidtheearthcameintobeing?
答案:
1.Acloudofdust 2.Asolidglobe 3.fireandrock
4.atmosphere 5.water 6.gasesandacids
课文深层理解
单项选择
1.Whatbegantoappearontheearth'ssurfacewhenitcooleddown?
A.Water.B.Gases.
C.Acids.D.Carbon.
答案:
A
2.Fromthelastparagraphwecaninferthattheauthoris________.
A.confidentB.sad
C.concernedD.angry
答案:
C
3.Whatdoestheword“the
y”refertointhesentences“Itexplodedloudlywithfireandrock.Theywereintimetoproducecarbon,nitrogen,watervapourand...”?
A.Planets.B.Stars.
C.Gases.D.Fireandrock.
答案:
D
4.Whichistherightorderofthedevelopmentoflife?
A.Smallcleveranimals—shellfish—dinosaurs—mammals.
B.Shellfish—dinosaurs—smallcleveranimals—mammals.
C.Shellfish—dinosaurs—mammals—smallcleveranimals.
D.Dinosaurs—shellfish—mammals—smallcleveranimals.
答案:
C
如何写探索性写作:
解决问题
写作步骤:
1.提出问题或列出现象,并简要阐述其产生原因。
2.说明其对生活和社会的影响。
3.提出解决问题的方法。
写作时应注意以下三个方面:
1.此类书面表达通常为话题作文或看图作文,学生应仔细研读提示信息或图画,明确应围绕什么问题或现象展开评论。
2.围绕主题,进行拓展。
根据要求和提示信息合理安排篇章中各部分内容的比例,做到详略得当、条理清楚、文字简练。
3.时态:
多采用一般现在时,但如果提示中给出了具体时间,则应对时态进行相应的调整。
4.要注意存在的问题,分析此问题可能带来的危害,然后针对此问题进行解决。
【典型句式】
★提建议的句型:
(1)Inmyopinion,thebestwaytosolvetheproblemis...
(2)Mytipsareasfollows...
(3)Onlyinthiswaycanwe...
(4)Tosolvetheabove-mentionedproblem,wemust...
★说明现象或问题的常用句型:
(1)Ithasbecomethebiggestconcernof...
(2)Unlesswetakeeffectivemeasures,itislikelythat...
(3)Thesituationmanypeoplearefacingisthat...
(4)Tostartwith,...Thesecondreasonis...Thelastbutnotleastreasonis...
(5)Facedwiththeproblem,quiteafewpeoplearguethat...butothers...
(6)Thereisageneral
discussiontodayabouttheproblemof...
★得出结论:
(1)Withconcertedeffortswewillpullthroughthedifficulties.
(2)Withthehelpof...wecanmanagetoovercomethesedifficulties.
你所在的研究性学习小组对“中学生的健康状况”进行了一次调查,主要内容如下:
1.现状:
肥胖人数增多,身体素质逐年下降
;
2.原因:
学习紧张,缺乏体育锻炼;较少参加体力劳动,如做家务;饮食不均衡;
3.专家建议:
少上网,保证睡眠;每天运动一小时。
请根据以上信息写一篇英语短文,在英文校报上投稿。
【写作提示】
1.时态:
一般现在时为主。
2.人称:
第一、三人称。
3.要点:
(1)首段点明问题:
中学生的健康状况。
(2)中间部分分析原因,具体要点可参考题目要求中的提示。
(3)最后是专家的建议。
注意:
词数100左右【范文点评】
范文
点评
Theresearchstudygroupdidasurveyonstudents'health.It_shows_that①thenumberofstudentswhoputonweightisincreasingandthehealthofthemhasbeengoingfrombadtoworse.
_As_far_as_I_am_concerned,_②there_are_many_factors_accounting③fortheproblemabove,butthefollowingmightbe
thecriticalones.First,④thefactthattheyarebusywiththeirhomeworkandlackexerciseexistsindeed.Second,_④theyhavelittlechancetodophysicalworklikehousework.Besides,_④theypaynoattentiontoabalanceddiet.
Expertsgiveussomeadviceonimprovingourhealth.They_advise_us_not_to⑤beaddictedtoplayingcomputergames.We_should⑤haveenoughsleeptoensureourstudyandtakeanactivepartinsportsforaboutanhoureveryday.
①Itshowsthat...引出调查结果。
②AsfarasIamconcerned这是必备的表达观点的套语。
③Therebe+主语+doing/done高级句型,提升了文章的档次。
这个句型学生在写作时很容易出错。
④first,second,besides连接自然,条理清楚。
⑤Theyadviseusnotto,Weshoulddo...表示建议,语言委婉礼貌
登上月球,探索宇宙的奥秘是很多人的梦想。
然而,真正登上之后,会遇到很多困难,例如保护皮肤、防止食物飞走、身体失重、行走困难等,请选取你可能遇到的一个难题,并根据所学知识找到克服的办法。
注意:
词数100左右。
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
_______________________________________________________
答案:
IfIvisitedthemoon,therewouldbeaproblemImightbefacedwith:
howtoeatanddrink.Ontheearth,itiseasyforustoeatanddrink.Butonthemoon,thegravityissoweakthatthefoodwillfloataround.Iwouldh
avetotakeallmyfoodwithmeifIwenttothemoon.SoitcouldbeputinatubeandthenIwouldbeabletosuckitmoreeasily.PerhapsIwoulduseastrawtodoit.Itcan
preventthefoodfromfloatingaway.Onlyinthiswaywouldtheproblembesolved.Iwillhaveatryintime.
A级 基础过关
Ⅰ.用括号内词的正确形式填空
1.She________(gentle)refusedtoacceptthegifts.
答案:
gently
2.Ifsomeonewalksonthemoon,hewillfeel________(weight).
答案:
weightless
3.________(exhaust),IwenttobedassoonasIgothome.
答案:
Exhausted
4.Withthe________(develop)ofourcountry,ourlifeisbetterandbetter.
答案:
development
5.How________(disappoint)wewerewhenweheardthenews.
答案:
disappointed
6.Somebelieveinthe________(exist)oflifeonMars,whileothersconsideritasamyth.
答案:
existence
7.It's________(like)himtobelate;he'susuallyontime.
答案:
unlike
8.Notallpeopleareawareofthevariouseffectsof________(globe)warmingonEarth.
答案:
global
Ⅱ.选词填空
goby;preventfrom;asif;cheerup;breakout;nowthat;getcloseto;dependon;getthehangof;intime
1.Thegovernmenttookimmediatemeasuresandthediseasewas____________spreading.
答案:
preventedfrom
2.Oursuccess____________whethereveryoneworkshard.
答案:
dependson
3.Itwasdifficultforthe