情态动词讲解版.docx

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情态动词讲解版.docx

情态动词讲解版

ModalVerbs

情态动词定义:

表示说话人的情绪、态度或语气的动词叫情态动词。

情态动词语法特征

1)情态动词不能单独作谓语,没有人称,数的变化,即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。

2)情态动词的否定式是在情态动词后面直接+not。

3)情态动词的疑问式是把情态动词提到主语前。

主要情态动词

can,could(beableto)

may,might

must(haveto)

will,would

shall,should

oughtto

need

dare

情态动词的用法

I.can/could

1.___Can___youspeakJapanese?

Justalittle.

2.Onlythejudge___can___saveherfromprison.

3.I___could___driveacarbeforeIleftmiddleschool.

4.ItwassodarkthatI___could___seenothing.

Note:

表能力、有权力(could是can的过去式)

5.--___Can/Could___Igohomenow?

--Yes,youcan.–No,youcan’t.

6.--___Can/Could___IspeaktoAndrew?

7.You___can’t___(not)smokehere.

Note:

(口语)允许、请求,表可以(could非can的过去式,表委婉)

8.It___can___/could____beverycoldhere,eveninspring.

9.Sheisclever,butshe___can___/could___bedullsometimes.

Note:

(表示偶然现象发生的可能性)有时会,时而可能

10.It___can’t___/couldn’t___(not)bemyfather.Heisabroadnow.

11.Thereissomeoneoutside.Who___can___itbe?

12.You__can’t/couldn’thaveseenhim__(notsee)him.Hewasnotthere.

13.She__can’t/couldn’thavebeen___(notbe)morethansixthen.

14.He__can’t/couldn’thavefinished___(notfinish)theworklastnightwithoutyourhelp.

Note:

表推测(否定、疑问句)

15.He__couldhavetold__(tell)metheanswerbutherefusedto.

Note:

过去本能做而没有做

16.You_cannot/cannever_________dotheworktoowell.

17.You_cannot/cannever__becarefulenoughinyourstudy.

Note:

cannot…too;cannever...too;cannotenough再…都不为过;越…越好

can&beableto

区别:

1.can只有两种时态现在时can&过去时could

beableto有各种时态

2.用于一般所具有的能力,可以互换,但是当表示成功做到时,通常用beableto或manageto

1.He_can/isableto_writemusic.

2.Weshall__beableto__finishtheworksoon.

3.Ihaven’t_beenableto_findthebook.

4.He_could/wasableto__swimlikeafishwhenhewasyoung.

5.ItalkedwithherforalongtimeandfinallyI__wasableto_makeherbelieveme.

6.Thefirespreadthroughthebuildingquicklybuteverybody___wasableto/managed___toescape.

II.may/might

1.--__May___Ileavenow?

--Yes,you__may__./Yes,please.

--No,you__maynot/can’t/mustn’t___.

2.Heaskedifhe_might_____usethephone.

3.Westartearlysothatwe_may/might___arriveintime.

Note:

(允许、请求)可以

4.__May__youbehappyallyourlife.

Note:

祝、愿

5.Johnisabsent.He__may/might_____beill.

6.It_may/might______raintomorroworit__may/might_____bemerelycloudy.

7.Ican’tfindmybook.I_may/mighthaveleft___(leave)itinyourofficejustnow.

8.Youknowthisstoryverywell.You_may/mighthaveread___(read)itbefore.

Note:

表推测

9.Westartearlysothatwe___may___arriveintime.

10.IwrotedownhistelephonenumbersothatI___might___rememberit.

Note:

表目的(用于目的状语从句中)

maybe&maybe

11.He___maybe___here.I’mnotsure.

12.____Maybe______youshouldcallhim.

13.–Areyougoingouttonight?

--____Maybe____.

III.must

1.You__must___haveapassportifyouwanttogoabroad.

2.Drivers__mustn’t___driveafterdrinking.

Note:

(义务、责任、强制、命令)必须应该

3.You_must_______firstfinishyourhomeworkbeforeyouwatchTV.

4.--_Must________Icometomorrow?

--Yes,you__must____.

--No,you__needn’t/don’thaveto_____.

Note:

(说话者主观上的意愿、建议、命令等)应该、必须、务必

5.Winter__must___befollowedbyspring.

6.Alllivingthings___must___die.

Note:

表示客观规律不可避免性或必然性,注定要,必然(只用于肯定句)

7.You__must___beill.Icanseeitfromyourface.

8.You__musthaveread___(read)thebook.Youknowthestoryverywell.

9.There’smuchnoisefromnextdoor.They__mustbehaving__(have)aparty.

Note:

表肯定推测

Must&haveto

区别:

1.haveto用于各种时态,还可和其它情态动词连用

2.haveto表示因客观环境的迫使而不得不做某事

1.--Let’sseeamovietonight.

--I’dloveto,butI__haveto____takecareofmymom.

2.They__hadto__speedup,fortheweatherturnedterrible.

3.Theywill___haveto___getupearlytomorrow.

4.Wemay___haveto___putofftheplan.

5.You___don’thaveto___tellhimaboutit.不一定要

6.You___mustn’t___tellhimaboutit.一定不要

IV.shall

1.I__shall________ringyouassoonasIarrive.

Note:

将来时(第一人称)将要、会

2.__Shall______Iopenthewindowforyou?

3.Let’sgotothecinematonight,__shall___we?

Note:

(在问句中表示说话人征求对方意见或提出建议,用于第一、三人称)…好么

V.should&oughtto

1.Wehopedthatwe__should______beabletodothat.

Note:

用于过去将来时

2.You_should/oughtto____bemorecarefulnexttime.

3._Should____Icallhimandapologize?

Note:

(表示建议、劝告、命令、要求)应该,必须(oughtto语气强)

4.It’s4:

30.They__should______beinNewYorkbynow.

Note:

(表示说话者根据一定的依据猜测、推测、推论等)该,可能

5.You_shouldhavetold__(tell)meearlieraboutit,butyoudidn’t.

6.You__shouldn’thavedone_________(do)thattoyourmother,butyoudid.

Note:

过去按理该…而实际没有…(常有责备、埋怨、惋惜之意)

VI.will

1.He_will____comebacksoon.

Note:

将来时

2.Ihopeyou__will____succeed.

3.I__will____domybesttohelpyou.

Note:

(表意愿、决心、承诺)要、愿、想、会、保证

4.Whenheisintrouble,he__will______turntohiscoachforhelp.

5.I_will___turnyououtofdoorsifyoudon’tkeepquiet.

Note:

状语从句

VII.would

1.Hetoldusthathe__would______meetusattheairport.

Note:

过去将来时

2.--__Would______youmindmysmoking?

--Yes,_pleasedon’t./You’dbetternot._______________.

---No,__goahead______________

Note:

提出请求、邀请(委婉)

3.I__would________liketoseeafilmtonight.

4.I_would____rathernotleaveyouhere.

5._Would__youplease_notsmoke____(notsmoke)here?

Note:

意愿、决心、喜欢等

6.He_would_________bedelightedifIwenttoseehim.

7.Ifyouhadcomeearlier,you_wouldhaveseen__(see)him.

Note:

条件句(虚拟)

8.Whenhewasyoung,he__would__often__walk___(walk)inthesewoods.

Note:

(表过去习惯性、经常性的行为或动作)总是

VIII.need(情态动词没有过去式)

Note:

1)need作实意动词,有人称、时态和数的变化

2)need作情态动词,只能用在否定句和疑问句中,没有人称、时态和数的变化

needsthdon’tneedsthDo…needsth?

needtododon’tneedtodoDo…needtodo…?

needn’tdoNeed…do…?

1.He__needsto_________(go)therenow.

2.He_neednot/doesn’tneedtogo__(notgo)therenow.

3.--__Need_/Does______he____go_/needtogo___(go)therenow?

--Yes,he_must__/does______.

--No,he_needn’t_/doesn’t________.

4.HeneedstofinishtheworkbyFriday,___doesn’t______he?

5.Heneedn’tstaythere,__need_______he?

 

6.He__needn’thavegiven_____(notgive)hersomuchmoneyatthetime,andnowheregretsit.

Note:

needn’thavedone过去本不必做却做了

needdoing&needtobedone

7.I_needto__(repair)thecomputer.

Thecomputer__needsrepairing_____.(repair)

Thecomputer__needstoberepaired____(repair)

IX.dare(情态动词有过去式dared)

Note:

1)dare作实意动词,有人称、时态和数的变化

2)dare作情态动词,只能用在否定句和疑问句中,没有人称和数的变化,但有过去时。

daretododon’tdaretodoDo…daretodo…?

darenotdoDare…do…?

1.He__darestosay__(say)whathethinks.

2.He__darenotsay_/doesn’tdaretosay______(notsay)whathethinks.

3.--__Dare_/Does_____he__say_/daretosay____(say)whathethinks?

--Yes,he__dare/does_________.

--No,he__darenot/doesn’t______.

4.How__dare_____yousay(say)so?

5.I__dare__you___toclimb_____(climb)thetree.

Note:

daresb.todosth.谅某人也不敢做某事

6.I__daresay________(say)thingswillimprove.

Note:

Idaresay我敢说,我认为,很可能,恐怕

补充:

1.情态动词表猜测时,不同的“肯定”程度依次排列如下:

●Heisathome.(事实)

●Hemustbeathome.(非常可能)

●Heshouldbeathome.(很可能)

●Hemaybeathome.(仅仅可能)

●Hemightbeathome.(或许)

●Heisn’tathome.(事实)

●Hecan’tbehome.(接近肯定)

●Hecouldn’tbeathome.(不及can’t肯定)

●Hemaynotbeathome.(可能,但不肯定)

●Hemightnotbeathome.(不及may肯定)。

2.情态动词+havedone

couldhavedone(本能做而没做…)

can’t/couldn’thavedone(不可能已经做了…)

musthavedone(肯定已经…)

may/mighthavedone(可能已经做了…)

mightnothavedone(不太可能已经…)

shouldhavedone(本应该而没做…)

shouldn’thavedone(本不应当做而做了…)

needn’thavedone(本没必要而做了…)

1.WhydidyoustayatahotelwhenyouwereinNewYork?

You____couldhavestayed_____withBarbarathere.

2.ThephonerangbutIdidn’thear.I____musthavebeenasleep_____atthattime.

3.–Doyouthinkshesawyou?

--No,shewastoofaraway.She__couldn’thaveseen___me.

4.–Iwonderwhyshedidn’tsayhello.Perhapsshedidn’tseeme.

--That’spossible.She___mightnothaveseen___you.

5.–DoyouknowwhereGeorgeis?

Ican’tfindhimanywhere.

--I’mnotsure.He____mighthavegoneshopping___.

6.IfIhadn’tslippedonthestairs,I___wouldn’thavebroken____myarm.

7.Whydidyouwashthatshirt?

Itwasn’tdirty.You___needn’thavewashed___it.

8.Itwasagreatpartylastnight.You___shouldhavecome___.Whydidn’tyou?

9.I’mfeelingsick,forIhaveeatenalotofchocolate.I_____shouldn’thaveeaten____toomuchchocolate.

北师大版八年级数学上

勾股定理练习题

一、基础达标:

1.下列说法正确的是(  )

A.若a、b、c是△ABC的三边,则a2+b2=c2;

B.若a、b、c是Rt△ABC的三边,则a2+b2=c2;

C.若a、b、c是Rt△ABC的三边,

,则a2+b2=c2;

D.若a、b、c是Rt△ABC的三边,

,则a2+b2=c2.

2.Rt△ABC的三条边长分别是

,则下列各式成立的是(  )

A.

B.

   C.

   D.

3.如果Rt△的两直角边长分别为k2-1,2k(k>1),那么它的斜边长是(  )

A、2kB、k+1C、k2-1D、k2+1

4.已知a,b,c为△ABC三边,且满足(a2-b2)(a2+b2-c2)=0,则它的形状为(  )

A.直角三角形B.等腰三角形

C.等腰直角三角形D.等腰三角形或直角三角形

5.直角三角形中一直角边的长为9,另两边为连续自然数,则直角三角形的周长为(  )

A.121B.120C.90D.不能确定

6.△ABC中,AB=15,AC=13,高AD=12,则△ABC的周长为(   )

A.42B.32C.42或32D.37或33

7.※直角三角形的面积为

,斜边上的中线长为

,则这个三角形周长为()

(A)

(B)

(C)

(D)

8、在平面直角坐标系中,已知点P的坐标是(3,4),则OP的长为()A:

3B:

4C:

5D:

9.若△ABC中,AB=25cm,AC=26cm高AD=24,则BC的长为()

A.17B.3C.17或3D.以上都不对

 

10.已知a、b、c是三角形的三边长,如果满足

则三角形的形状是()

A:

底与边不相等的等腰三角形B:

等边三角形

C:

钝角三角形D:

直角三角形

11.斜边的边长为

,一条直角边长为

的直角三角形的面积是.

12.等腰三角形的腰长为13,底边长为10,则顶角的平分线为__. 

13.一个直角三角形的三边长的平方和为200,则斜边长为

14.一个三角形三边之比是

,则按角分类它是三角形.

15.一个三角形的三边之比为5∶12∶13,它的周长为60,则它的面积是___. 

16.在Rt△ABC中,斜边AB=4,则AB2+BC2+AC2=_____.

17.若三角形的三个内角的比是

,最短边长为

,最长边长为

,则这个三角形三个角度数分别是,另外一边的平方是.

18.如图,已知

中,

,以直角边

为直径作半圆,则这个半圆的面积是.

19.一长方形的一边长为

,面积为

,那么它的一条对角线长是.

 

二、综合发展:

1.如图,一个高

、宽

的大门,需要在对角线的顶点间加固一个木条,求木条的长.

 

2、有一个直角三角形

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