优化方案高中英语Unit3ScienceandnatureSectionⅡWelcometotheunit.docx

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优化方案高中英语Unit3ScienceandnatureSectionⅡWelcometotheunit

Unit3ScienceandnatureSectionⅡWelcometotheunit&Reading-LanguagePoints

品句填词

1.IfI’vehurtyourfeelings,itwasquitewithout_____________(目的).

答案:

intention

2.Afreshcoatofpaintcan____________(改变)aroom.

答案:

transform

3.Thehighlevelofunemploymenthasproducedharmfulsocial____________(结果,后果).

答案:

consequences

4.Wewaitedforthereportofexamwithagreatdealof____________(忧虑).

答案:

anxiety

5.Hissuggestionhasbeen_____________(采纳)bypeopleinmanypartsoftheworld.

答案:

adopted

单句改错

1.Themotherwasstandingatthegate,anxiouslytoseeherson.anxiously→anxious

2.Theyarguedhimintotheadoptoftheplan.adopt→adoption

3.Abigfirebrokeoutlastnight;astheconsequence,thehousewascompletelydestroyed.第一个the→a

4.SheeverlivedinFrance,andasconsequenceshespeaksFrenchfluently.consequence前加a或把as改为in

5.(2015·浙江高考单项填空)Jane’sgrandmotherhadwantedtowriteachildren’sbookformanyyears,butonethingoranotheralwaysgotinaway.第二个a→the

完成句子

1.我想出去吃,可(另一方面)我又该努力省钱。

I’dliketoeatout,__________________________Ishouldbetryingtosavemoney.

答案:

butontheotherhand

2.他又迟到了,结果让老板训了一顿。

Hecamelateagain;____________________hewasscoldedbyhisboss.

答案:

asaconsequence/inconsequence

3.尽管他还是个孩子,他知道做什么事情是正确的。

________________hewas,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.

答案:

Childas/though

4.他离成为一名著名的歌手已经不远了。

Heis__________________________afamoussinger.

答案:

onthewaytobecoming

5.劝告朋友要在私下里,赞扬朋友可在人多的场合。

Makesuggestionstoyourfriendsinprivate__________________________inpublic.

答案:

whilepraiseyourfriends

课文语法填空

WithDollycloned1.____________(success)fromanadultcell,someotheranimalshavealreadybeencreated.Somescientistsevenhavetheintention2.____________(clone)humansandtheyarepushingaheadwithresearchnow,3.____________itisnotlegalinmanycountries.Chinahassucceeded4.____________producingclonesofcowsandgoats.

Just5.____________the6.____________(say)goes,“Everycoinhastwosides.”Ontheonehand,cloningcanproduce7.____________(value)humantissues8.____________(use)

inmedical9.____________(treat).Ontheotherhand,humancloningcau

sesmuchanxiety.Somepeoplesayifwetoy10.____________nature,wewillhavetodealwiththeconsequences.

答案:

1.successfully 2.toclone 3.although/though

4.in 5.as 6.saying 7.valuable 8.tobeused 9.treatment 10.with

A卷

单句语法填空

1.Youdidn’tintend____________(be)late.Butthat’snotthepoint.

答案:

tobe

2.Thereweremanypeoplewaitingatthebusstop,andsomeofthemlookedvery____________(anxiety)anddisappointed.

答案:

anxious

3.Thesuggestioncamefromthechairmanthatthenewrule____________(adopt).

答案:

(should)beadopted

4.Hestoodtherewithoutdaringtolifthisheadasaconsequence____________hiswrongaction.

答案:

of

5.Shehasmadeuphermindtotransformanatticroom____________astudy.

答案:

into

6.Accuratelyspeakinghis____________(professional)isajournalist.

答案:

profession

7.It’sbetterforthegovernmenttoattachmoreimportancetothe____________(origin)inventionsofallkinds.

答案:

original

8.Hearingthis,tearscametomyeyesasIrealizedwhatafoolIhadbeentojudgeJim’sfather____________afailure.

答案:

as

9.Withhismindfocusedonthethingsnotrelated____________hisstudies,hismarkshavefallenrapidly.

答案:

to

10.Shetoyed____________theideaofbecominganactress.

答案:

with

阅读理解

Haveyoueverwishedyoucouldhaveacloneofyourselftodohomeworkwhileyouhittheskateparkorwentoutwithyourfriends?

Cloningisthecreationofanorganismthatisanexactgeneticcopyofanother.ThismeansthateverysinglebitofDNAisthesamebetweenthetwo!

Youmightnotbelieveit,buttherearehumanclonesamongusrightnow.Theyweren’tmadeinalab,though:

they’reidenticaltwins(同卵双生),creatednaturally.

Howdoesonegoaboutmakinganexactgeneticcopyofanorganism?

Thereareacoupleofwaystodothis:

artificial(人工)embryotwinningandsomaticcellnucleartransfer(体细胞核移植).Artificialembryotwinningistherelativelylowtechversionofcloning.Somaticcellnucleartransfer,(SCNT)usesadifferentapproachcomparedwithartificialembryotwinning.ThiswasthemethodusedtocreateDollytheSheep.

Let’ssayyoureallywantaclonetodoyourhomework.Knowingwhatyouknow,doyouthinkthisapproachwouldreallyhelpyoufinishyourhomework...thisdecade?

Acommonmisconceptionisthataclone,ifcreated,wouldmagicallyappearatthesameageastheoriginal.Thissimplyisn’ttrue.Yourememberthatcloningisanalternativewaytocreateanembryo,notafullgrownindividual.Therefore,thatembryo,oncecreated,mustdevelopexactlythesamewayasan

embryocreatedbyfertilizinganeggcellwithaspermcell(精子).Thiswillrequireasurrogatemotherandenoughtimefortheclonedembryotogrowandfullydevelopintoanindividual.

Areyoufamiliarwiththephrase“natureversusnurture”?

Basically,thismeansthatwhilegeneticscanhelpdeterminepersonality,environmentalinfluenceshaveaconsiderableimpactonshapinganindividual’sphysicalappearanceandpersonal

ity.Forexample,doyouknowanyidenticaltwins?

Theyaregeneticallythesame,butdotheyreallylookandactexactlyalike?

Whenwehearofcloningsuccesses,welearnaboutonlythefewattemptsthatworked.Whatwedon’tseearethemany,manycloningexperimentsthatfailed!

Andeveninthesuccessfulclones,problemstendtoariselater,duringtheanimal’sdevelopmenttoadulthood.

Cloninganimalsshowsuswhatmighthappenifwetrytoclonehumans.Whathavetheseanimalstaughtusabouttherisksofcloning?

1.Theunderlinedword“misconception”inParagraph6probablymeans“________”.

A.belief      B.misunderstanding

C.explanationD.ex

perience

B 解析:

词义猜测题。

根据上下文可知,人们往往会认为克隆就是马上能有一个一模一样的你出现,这显然是“误解”。

2.WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassage?

A.Therisksofcloning.

B.Themythsofcloning.

C.Thedefinitionofcloning.

D.Someissuesincloning.

D 解析:

细节理解题。

最后两段说的是A项的内容,倒数第四段说的是B项的内容,第二段说的是C项的内容,只有D项的内容没有提及。

3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueaccordingtothepassage?

A.DollytheSheepwasclonedbyusingSCNT.

B.Identicaltwinsarenaturallycreatedhumanclones.

C.Aclone,ifcreated,wouldmagicallyappearatthesameageastheoriginal.

D.Twinsaregeneticallythesame,buttheydon’treallylookandactexactlyalike.

C 解析:

根据倒数第四段第一、二两句话“Acommonmisconceptionisthataclone,ifcreated,wouldmagicallyappearatthesameageastheoriginal.Thissimplyisn’ttrue.”及之后的论述可知。

4.Accordingtothepassage,wecannothaveaclonetodoourhomeworknowbecause________.

A.thetechnologyisnotsoadvanced

B.therearemanycloningexperimentsthatfailed

C.problemsmayariselater

D.alloftheabove

D 解析:

综合全文,尤其是倒数第二段A、B、C三项都是现在还不能克隆人的原因。

完形填空

Throughouthistorymanhashadtoacceptthefactthatalllivingthingsmustdie.But

peoplenowlivelongerthanthey__1__.Yet,alllivingthingsstillshowthe__2__ofaging,whichwilleventually__3__death.

Agingisnotadisease,butasapersonpassesmaturity(成熟期),thecellsofthebodyandthe__4__theyformdonotfunctionaswellasthey__5__inchildhoodandteenageyears.Thebodyprovidesless__6__againstdiseaseandismore__7__tohaveaccident.

Anumberofrelatedcausesmay__8__aging.Somecellsofthebodyhaveafairlylonglife,buttheyarenot__9__whentheydie.Asapersonages,__10__ofbraincellsandmusclecellsdecreases.__11__bodycellsdieandarereplacedbynewcells.Foranagingpersonthe__12__cellsmaynotbeasworkableorascapable__13__growthasthoseofayoungperson.

Another__14__inagingmaybechangeswithinthec

ells__15__.Someoftheproteinchemicalsincellsareknown__16__withageandbecomelesselastic(有弹性的).Thisiswhytheskinofoldpeoplewrinkles(皱纹)and__17__.Thisisalsothereasonwhyoldpeople__18__inheight.Theremaybeothermoreimportantchemicalchangesinthecells.Somecomplexcellchemicals,suchasDNAandRNA,storeand__19__informationthatthecellsneed.Agingmayaffectthis__20__andchangetheinformationcarryingmoleculessothattheydonottransmittheinformationaswell.

1.A.would       B.beusedto

C.usedtoD.used

C 解析:

根据句意:

但是人们现在比过去寿命高。

usedto表示“过去经常做……”,暗示现在并不如此,此处指过去的情况,与句意相符。

would可表示“过去经常”,但不含“今昔对比”之意。

注意该词组与beusedto的区别,后者意为“习惯于……”,to为介词。

D项之所以不对,是因为在以下词组中,当不定式省略时,通常要保留不定式符号to,如:

usedto,begoingto,meanto,oughtto,tryto,planto等。

2.A.functionB.effect

C.affectD.sign

B 解析:

根据下文中的定语从句所表示的意义进行判断,这里所填入的单词应该表示“衰老的结果”这一意义。

effect意为“结果,影响”,符合句意。

function“功能,机能,作用”;affect“影响,感动”;sign“标记”。

解题时要注意effect和affect拼写只相差一个字母,但effect是名词而affect是动词。

3.A.leadinB.givein

C.runintoD.resultin

D 解析:

根据主句内容,which引导非限制性定语从句,which表示前面的“衰老的结果”,即:

衰老的结果最终导致死亡。

resultin“使发生,导致”;leadin无此搭配,在表示“导致”时,应为leadto;givein“让步,屈服”;runinto“陷入”,常指陷入困境。

4.A.handsB.feet

C.heartD.organs

D 解析:

根据上下文及信息词cells可知句中是指所有的部位(器官)。

而其他三项所指的都是身体的具体部位。

5.A.doB.hasdone

C.didD.haddone

C 解析:

此句中的did是用来代替前面的动词function,以避免重复。

因为这里有一个表示过去的时间状语inchildhoodandteenageyears,所以只能用一般过去时。

6.A.energyB.protection

C.vigorD.power

B 解析:

protection“保护,保护物”,和介词against或from连用,译为“保护……免遭……”。

此句意为“身体此时的免疫力下降,易于患病”;energy“精力,活力”;vigor“力量,活力”;power“权力,力气”。

7.A.likelyB.probable

C.possibleD.alike

A 解析:

likely,possible和probable三者都表示“可能”,均可以构成:

Itispossible/probable/likely+that从句。

但probable和possible不能用于sb.ispossible/probabletodosth.句型中;alike“相似的”,不符合句意。

8.A.attendtoB.contributeto

C.addtoD.devoteto

B 解析:

句意:

有一些相关的原因可能促使人衰老。

contributeto“有助于,起作用,促成”,符合句意。

attendto“专心于”;addto“增加,把……添加到……”;devoteto“致力于,献身于”。

这四个词组中的to都是介词,要注意它和不定式符号to的区别。

9.A.replacedB.reborn

C.recoveredD.surrendered

A 解析:

此句与下文相对应,根据下文的“replace”可知该空选replaced;reborn“新生的,复活的”;recover“恢复”;surrender“屈服”。

10.

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