100xuexi0402172811640.docx

100xuexi0402172811640.docx

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100xuexi0402172811640

英语句型（EnglishSentencePatterns）

英语五个基本句式英语常用句型

1.否定句型2.判断句型3.祝愿祁使句式4.感叹句型5.疑问句型

6.数词句型7.关联指代句型8.比较句型9.比喻句型10.条件假设句

11.时间句型12.地点句型13.原因句型14.目的句型15.结果句型

16.程度句型17.让步句型18.转折句型19.省略句

英语五个基本句式

从英语的句子结构上说，除了修饰名词的定语和修饰动词的状语外，在千变万化的句子中可归纳为五个基本句式，一般地说，某些动词用在某一句式中，下面笔者把这些句型和常用的动词进行归类,供你参考。

1.S（主）+Vi（不及物动词）（谓）

Timeflies.

1）S+V+adverbial（状语）

Birdssingbeautifully.

2）S+Vi+prepPhrase（介词短语），

Hewentonholiday.

3）S+Vi+Infinitive（不定式）

Westoppedtohavearest.

4）S+Vi+Participle（分词）

I’llgoswimming.

2.S（主）+Vt（及物动词）（谓）+O（宾）

WelikeEnglish.

1）S+Vt+N/Pron，

Ilikemusic.

Ilikeher.

2）S+Vt+infinitive（不定式），

Iwanttohelphim.

常用于这句型的动词有：

attempt,dare,decide,desire,expect,hope,intend,learn,need,offer,pretend,promise,propose,purpose,refuse,want,wish等。

3）S+Vt+Wh-Word+Infinitive，

Idon’tknowwhattodo.

常用于这句型的动词有：

ask,consider,decide,discover,explain,findout,forget,guess,inquire,know,learn,observe,remember,see,settle,tell,think,understand,wonder等。

4）S+Vt+Gerund，

Ienjoylivinghere.

常用于这句型的动词有：

admit,advise,avoid,consider,defend,enjoy,excuse,finish,forbid,mind,miss,practise,risk,suggest,giveup,can’thelp等。

5）S+Vt+That-clause，

Idon’tthink（that）heisright.

常用于这句型的动词有：

admit,believe,command,confess,declare,demand,deny,doubt,expect,explain,feel（觉得）,hear（听说）,hope,imagine,intend,know,mean,mind（当心）,notice,propose,request,report,say,see（看出），show,suggest,suppose,think,understand,wish,wonder（觉得奇怪）。

3.S（主）+V（谓）（lv）（系动词）+P（表），

WeareChinese.

除了be系动词外，还有一些动词也可以用作系动词，1）表感官的动词，feel,smell,taste,sound,look,appear,seem等。

2）表转变变化的动词，become,get,grow,turn,go,等。

3）表延续的动词remain,keep,seem,hold,stay,rest等。

4）表瞬时的动词come,fall,set,cut,occur等5）其他动词eat,lie,prove,ring,run,shine,sit,stand,continue,hang等。

，

1）S+Lv+N/Pron（名词/代词），

Heisaboy.，

Thisismine.

2）S+Lv+Adj（形容词），

Sheisbeautiful.

3）S+Lv+Adv（副词），

Classisover.

4）S+Lv+PrepPhrase，

Heisingoodhealth.

5）S+Lv+Participle（分词），

Heisexcited.

Thefilmisinteresting.

4.S（主）+Vt（谓）+InO（间接宾）+DO（直接宾），

Igiveyouhelp.

1）S+Vt+N/Pron+N，

Isenthimabook.

IboughtMayabook.

2）S+Vt+N/Pron+To/for-phrase，

Hesentabooktome.

Heboughtacoatforme.

间接宾语前需要加to的常用动词有：

allow,bring,deny,do（带来），give,grant,hand,leave,lend,offer,owe,pass,pay,permit,promise,read,refuse,render,restore,sell,send,show,teach,tellwish,write等。

间接宾语前需要加for的常用动词有：

bring,buy,cash,choose,fetch,get,leave,make,order,paint,play（演奏），save,sing,spare等。

5.S（主）+Vt（谓）+O（宾）+OC（宾补），

Imakeyouclear.

1）S+Vt+N/Pron+N，

WenamedourbabyTom.

常用于这句型的动词有：

appoint,call,choose,elect,entitle,find,make,name,nominate（命名）。

2）S+Vt+N/Pron+Adj，

Hepaintedthewallwhite.

常用于这句型的动词有：

beat,boil,cut,drive,find,get,hold,keep,leave,like,make,paint,see,set,turn,want,wash,wipe,wish等。

3）S+Vt+N/Pron+PrepPhrase，

Shealwayskeepseverythingingoodorder.

4）S+Vt+N/Pron+Infinitive，

Iwishyoutostay.

Imadehimwork，

常用于这句型的动词有：

a）不定式带to的词：

advice,allow,ask,beg,cause,choose,command,decide,encourage,expect,force,get,hate,invite,know,leave,like,love,order,permit,persuade,prefer,remain,request,teach,tell,want,warn,wish等。

b）不定式不带to的词：

feel,have,hear,know,let,listento,lookat,make,notice,see,watch等。

5）S+Vt+N/Pron+Participle（分词），

Iheardmynamecalled.

Ifeelsomethingmoving.

常用于这句型的动词有：

catch,feel,find,get,have,hear,imagine,keep,leave,listento,lookat,notice,observe,perceive,see,set,smell,start,watch等。

6）S+Vt+N/Pron+Wh-word+Infinitive，

Heshowmehowtodoit.

常用于这句型的动词有：

advise,ask,inform,show,teach,tell等。

7）S+Vt+N/Pron+That-clause，

Hetoldmethatthefilmwasgreat.

常用于这句型的动词有：

assure,inform,promise,remind,teach,tell,warm等。

8）S+Vt+N/Pron+Wh-Clause，

Heaskedmewhatheshoulddo.

常用于这句型的动词有：

advise,ask,inform,show,teach,tell.

英语常用句型，

编辑整理，

初学英语的人常常感到在掌握一些英语单词和基本语法后，在英语说和写方面还是很难表达自己，笔者认为其中一个原因是没有掌握一些英语句型，只有掌握了一些句型才能比较正确、完整地表达自己。

下面是笔者收集的一些常用句型。

1.否定句型，

1）一般否定句，

Idon’tknowthis.Nonewsisgoodnews.

Thereisnoperson（smoke）/notaperson/notanyperson（smoke）inthehouse.

2）特指否定，

Hewenttohisoffice,nottoseehim.

Iamsorryfornotcomingontime.

Idon’tthink/believe/suppose/feel/imagineyouareright.

3）部分否定，

Alltheanswersarenotright，

Allisnotgoldthatglitters，

Idon’tknowallofthem.

Ican’tseeeverybody/everything.

Bothofthemarenotright.

4）全体否定，

Noneofmyfriendssmoke.

Icanseenothing/nobody.

Neitherofthemisright.

Nothingcanbesosimpleasthis.

5）延续否定，

Youdidn’tseehim,neither/nordidI.

Youdon’tknow,Idon’tknoweither.

Hedoesn’tknowEnglish,letalone/tosaynothingof/nottospeakof（更不用说）French.

6）半否定句，

Weseldom/hardly/scarcely/barelyhearsuchfinesinging.

IknowlittleEnglish.Isawfewpeople.

7）双重否定，

Youcan’tmakesomethingoutofnothing.

What’sdonecannotbeundone.

Thereisnosweetwithoutsweat.

Nogainwithoutpains.

Ican’thelp/keep/laughingwheneverIhearit.

Nomanissooldbut（that）hecanlearn.

8）排除否定，

Everyoneisreadyexceptyou.

Hedidnothingbutplay.

Butforyourhelp,Icouldn’tdoit.

9）加强否定，

Iwon’tdoitatall.

Ican’tseeitanymore.

Heisnolongeraboy.

2.判断句型，

1）一般判断句，

ItisimportantforustolearnEnglish.

Itiskindofyoutohelpme，

sinceremeanshonest.

Theboyiscalled/namedTom.

Weregarded/consideritasanhonor.

2）强调判断，

ItisEnglishthatweshouldlearn.

Itishewhohelpedmealot.

3）弱式判断，

Yoursentencedoesn’tsound/look/appear/feelright.

Youlook/seemasif/asthoughtyouhadbeentherebefore.

Maybe/Perhaps/sheisill.

Heisprobablyill.

Heislikelyill.

Itispossiblethatheislate，

4）注释判断，

HecanremembersomanyEnglishwords,thatis（tosay）heisalivingdictionary.（活字典），

5）正反判断，

Thatsoundsallright,butinfactitisnot.

6）比较判断，

Itismoreapicturethanapoem.

7）互斥判断，

Heoryouarewrong.

EitherheisrightorIam.

3.祝愿祁使句式，

1）一般句式，

Studyhardandkeepfit.

Bebrave!

Don’tbeshy!

，

Getoutofhere.

2）强语式，

Dotellme.

Nevertellalie.

3）委婉祈使句，

Pleasetellmethetrue.

Would/Will/Won’tdomeafavor?

Would/Doyoumindmysmoking?

What/How/aboutgoingonfoot?

4）建议祈使句，

Letusgo.Letusknowthetime.

Don’tletthefireout.

Let’snotwastethetime.

You’dbetterstartearly.

Shallwelistentosomemusic?

Whydon’tyougetsomethingtodrink?

Suppose/supposingyoupickmeupataboutsix?

Isuggestwe（should）takethetrain.

5）祝愿句，

Successtoyou!

，

Wishyouagoodjourney.

Mayyouhaveahappymarriage.

Here’stoyoursuccess!

，

Allowmetoproposeatoasttoourfriendship!

，

4.感叹句型，

Howwellhespeaks!

，

Howkindsheis!

，

Whataniceweatheritis!

，

Herehecomes!

，

Suchislife!

，

Wonderful!

，

Help!

，

5.疑问句型，

1）一般疑问句，

Isheadoctor?

Doyouthewaytothestation?

2）反意疑问句，

Heisateacher,isn’the?

Itisquitecheap,don’tyouthink?

3）特殊疑问句，

Whatisthedistance/width/size/population/temperature/fare?

Whoishe?

Whatishe?

（干什么的），

Whatishelike?

Howishe?

Howdoyoulikehim?

Whatdoyouthinkofhim?

Whateverdoyoumeanbysayingthis?

4）选择疑问句，

Heisadoctororanurse?

5）间接疑问句，

Doyouknowhowoldheis?

Tellmeif（whether）youlikeit.

Whatdoyouthink/say/supposeIshoulddo?

6.数词句型，

1）表数目，

Itisexactlyteno’clock.

Itisfivemilesawayfromhere.

Heismorethan/over/atleastnotlessthan20.

Heisunder/atmost/nomorethan20.

2）表年月日，

HewasbornonApril221994/in1994onthemorningofOct.1.

3）表年龄，

Heis20yearsold/yearsofage.

Heisattheageof10.

4）表倍数，

Itisfourtimesthatoflastyears.

Thisisfourtimesasbig（again）asthatone.

Thisisfourtimesbiggerthanthatone.

Theincomeisdoublewhatitwas.

Theoutputofcoalwas200%greaterthanin1998.

5）表计量，

Itis10meterslong/wide/high.

Itcostsme100yuan.

Ispent10hourstofinishit.

Ittookme10daystofinishit.

Itisworth100yuan.

7.关联指代句型，

1）两项关连，

Ihavetwobooks,oneisChinese;theotherEnglish.

Ihavefivebooks,oneisChinese;theothersEnglish.

Tosayisonething,but/and/todoisanother.

Onetheonehand,Iamyourteacher,andontheotherhand,Iamalsoyoufriend.

Someliketoplayfootball,othersarefondofbasketball.

2）先后顺序，

First/firstly,Iwishgoodhealth,second/secondlysuccessinyourstudy,third/thirdlygoodluckineverything.

Firststop,thenlook,finallycross.

Atfirst/inthebeginning/hewordhard.Later/Afterwardsheisnotsodiligent.

3）修饰限制，

ThisisthesamebookasIlostyesterday.

ThisisthesamebookthatIlostyesterday.（同一本书），

Don’ttrustsuchamanasoverpraiseyou.

He/One/Those/Theywhoshouldcomefailedtoappear.

Aman/Aperson/Theone/Anyone/Peoplewhosawherlikedherverymuch.

Theday/time/momentwillcomewhenChinaisstrongestintheworld.

4）两项连接，

HecanspeaknotonlyEnglishbutalsoFrench.

Thebookisbothinterestingandinstructive.

Itisneithercoldnorhot.

Pleaseeithercomeinorgoout.

Theoldworkerhasexperienceandknowledgeaswell.

5）加和关系，

Besidesliterature,wehavegrammarandwriting.

Apartfromoxygen,therearesomeothergasesintheair.

Inadditionto"if",thereismanyotherconjunctionsthatcanintroduceconditionalclauses.

Imustgonow,incidentally,ifyouwantthatbook.

Youseemtoliketea,sodoI.

8.比较句型，

1）等比句，

HeisastallasI.

HeisthesameheightasI.

Sheisnolessdiligentthanhe.

Thelabisnobetterthanacottage.

2）差比句，

IspeakEnglishworsethanhedoes.

Heisnotso/