新标准大学英语综合教程3610单元课后答案.docx
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新标准大学英语综合教程3610单元课后答案
Unit6
Activereading
(1)
Lastmandown:
thefireman’sstory
Languagepoints
1Lastmandown:
thefireman’sstory(Title)
Theexpressionlastmandown,similartolastmanstanding,referstothesurvivororwinner.Thelast
mandownfromthetowerbeforeitcollapsedwouldbeoneofthebravest.
2Therewereabouttwodozenofusbythebankofelevators...(Para2)
Abankofelevatorsmeansasetoflifts.
3Somehadtheirturnoutcoatsoff,ortiedaroundtheirwaists.(Para2)
Turnoutcoatsaretheuniformfirefighterswearwhentheyturnoutforafire.
4Otherswereraringtogo.(Para2)
Theexpressionraringtogoisanoldformofrearingup,andmeansbeingeagertogolikeahorse.
5Allofusweretakingabeattocatchourbreaths,andourbearings,figureoutwhatthehellwas
goingon.(Para2)
Totakeabeatmeanstorestforamoment.
Abearingisanexactcompassreadingmeasuredindegrees.Totakeyourbearingsistofindwhereyou
are.Hereitmeansbothphysicallyandmentally.
6We’dbeenatthisthing,hard,foralmostanhour,somealittlebitless,andwewerenowhereclose
todone.(Para2)
Tobeatthisthingisaslangexpressionwhichmeanstoworkonthismission.
Theexpressionnowhereclosetodonemeanssomeoneisfarfromcompletingtheirwork.
7Ofcourse,wehadnoideawhattherewaslefttodo,butwehadn’tmadeadent.(Para2)
Adentisamarkonapieceofmetalaswhenyoubumpyourcar.Tomakeadentinsomethingistohave
aneffectonit(imaginebeatingapieceofhardsteelandnotmakinganymarkonit).Tomakeadenthere
meanstoachievesomething.Thefirefightershadhardlybeguntheirwork.
8Asifwecouldseeclearthroughtheceilingtilesforaneasyanswer.(Para3)
Lookingupforthesourceofthenoisewasonlyusefulifyoucouldseethroughthefloorsabove,butit
stillremainedaninstinctivereaction.
9Thebuildingwasshakinglikeinanearthquake,likeanamusementparkthrillridegoneberserk…
(Para3)
ThewordberserkwasoriginallyaboutancientVikingwarriorswhoworshippedabeargod(ber).They
wouldgointoaterriblerageormadnesswhenfighting.Itnowmeansutterlyanddangerouslycrazy.
10Thewayitcoursedrightthroughme.(Para3)
Tocoursemeanstorunorflowsomewherequickly.Thenoiseandvibrationhaveastrongphysicaleffect
onthewriter.
11Ithoughtaboutmywifeandmykids,butonlyfleetinglyandnotinanykindoflife-flashing-beforemy-
eyessortofway.(Para4)
Lifeflashingbeforemyeyesisaclaimmadebysomeonewhohasnear-deathexperiences,asinan
accident,ofseeingaslowmotionversionofthemostimportanteventsintheirlives.Researcherssayit
maybethereactionofthebraintotrauma.
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12Or,“We’llallmeetatthebigone.”(Para4)
Afteranyfire,thefightersusetheexpressionthebigonetominimizethatfireandsuggesttherewill
alwaysbeabiggeronecoming.Itisabraveactofunderstatement.
13Ineverknewhowitstarted,orwhenI’dpickeduponitmyself,butitwaspartofourshorthand.(Para4)
Topickuponitmeanstolearnitandstartusingit.Itisaslangexpression.
Shorthandisasystemofwritingusedfortakingdownfastspeech.Itusessymbolsforcommonwords
andcanonlybeunderstoodbypeoplewholearnit.Firemenhavetheirownspokenshorthand(asdomost
professions).Toanoutsider,thebigonewouldnotmeanmuch,butasthewriterexplainsitwasrichin
meaningtohimandhiscolleagues.
14Ifumbledforsomefixonthesituation,thinkingmaybeifIunderstoodwhatwashappeningIcould
steelmyselfagainstit.(Para5)
Somefixisaslangtermwhichmeansawayofunderstanding.
Tosteeloneselfagainstsomethingmeanstoprepareoneselftodosomethingunpleasant.
15AbattalioncommanderfortheNewYorkFireDepartment,hewasonthesceneofthedisaster…(Para6)
TheFireDepartmentisdividedupintobattalionsofupto200consistingofanumberofcompaniesof
about30firefighters.
Readingandunderstanding
3Choosethebestsummaryoftheextract.
2Inthisdramaticpersonalaccount,firefighterRichardPicciottorecallswhathewasdoingandthinking,
justbeforethenorthtoweroftheWorldTradeCentercollapsedon11September2001.
4Answerthequestions.
1WherewasRichardPicciottoat9:
59amon11September2001?
Hewasonthe35thfloorofthenorthtoweroftheWorldTradeCenter.
2Whowaswithhim?
Abouttwodozenfirefighters.
3Whatwaseverybodytryingtodo?
Theywererestingandtryingtoworkoutwhatwasgoingon.
4Howlonghadtheybeeninthebuilding?
Nearlyanhour.
5Whatdidtheydowhenthenoisestarted?
Theystoodstill.
6Whatwashappeningtothebuilding?
Itwasfallingdown.
7WhatdidPicciottostartthinkingaboutwhenheheardthenoise?
Hestartedthinkingabouthisfamily,jobandthebagelsinthekitchen.
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8DidPicciottohavetheimpressionthingswerehappeningquicklyorslowly?
Tohim,itseemsthingswerehappeningslowlywhileintruththeyweren’t.
9HowdidPicciottogetoutofthetower?
Heclimbedthroughtherubbleandledhismentosafety.
10Howmanyfirefighterslosttheirlives?
Altogether343firefighters.
11WhydidPicciottowriteLastManDown?
Hewroteitasatributetohiscolleagues.
Dealingwithunfamiliarwords
5Matchthewordsintheboxwiththeirdefinitions.
1tomakeafirestopburning(extinguish)
2thetotalnumberofpeoplewhohavebeenkilledorhurt(toll)
3anextremelydifficultorfrighteningsituation(nightmare)
4averysadeventthatcausespeopletosufferordie(tragedy)
5asmuchaspossible(utmost)
6impressiveactionsthatprovesomeoneisverybrave(heroism)
7happeninginaconfusedwayandwithoutanyorderororganization(chaotic)
6CompletetheparagraphwiththecorrectformofthewordsinActivity5.
Forafirefighterarrivingonthesceneofafirethefirstfewminutesareusuallythemost
(1)chaotic.
Hehasto
(2)extinguishthefire,healsoneedstofindoutifhumanlivesareindanger.Whenpeopleare
trappedinsideabuildinghemustactswiftlytoprevent(3)tragedy,or,–inthe(4)nightmarescenario–to
keepthedeath(5)tolltoaminimum.Actionsliketheserequirethe(6)utmostdegreeof(7)heroism.
7Replacetheunderlinedwordswiththecorrectformofthewordsinthebox.
1He’saveryhonest,fairandwell-behavedsortofperson.(decent)
2I’dliketoexpressmythanksforeverythingyou’vedoneforme.(gratitude)
3Therewasagroupofcowsstandinginthecornerofthefield.(herd)
4Therehavebeenverybigincreasesinfoodpricesoverthelastfewmonths.(massive)
5Allthepeopleshouldleavethebuildingimmediatelywhenthealarmsounds.(evacuate)
6Shehasdisplayedallthequalitiesneededforbeingaleaderinherjob.(leadership)
8Answerthequestionsaboutthewordsandexpressions.
1Ifyouareraringtogo,areyoueagerto(a)leave,or(b)startanactivity?
2Ifyougetyourbearings,doyou(a)loseyourway,or(b)findoutwhereyouare?
3Ifyouarenowhereclosetodone,doyou(a)stillhavealotmoreworktodotofinishthejob,or(b)still
feelstrongandreadytowork?
4Ifyouhaven’tmadeadentinsomething,haveyou(a)madegoodprogress,or(b)hardlybegunthejob?
5Isaracket(a)aloudandunpleasantnoise,or(b)alowmusicalsound?
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6Ifsomethinggoesberserk,isit(a)quietandwell-behaved,or(b)outofcontrol?
7Doeswhateverthehellitwassuggestthatthewriter(a)knewexactlywhatthenoisewas,or(b)didn’t
knowwhatthenoisewas?
8Ifsomethingispartoftheshorthand,canyou(a)easilyunderstandit,or(b)notunderstandit?
9Ifyouarefumblingforafix,areyou(a)tryingtounderstandsomething,or(b)tryingtostaywhereyouare?
Activereading
(2)
Languagepoints
1“Suddenly,”shewroteinhersyndicatedcolumn,“Isawonthesidewalkafigureofaman.”(Para1)
Asyndicatedcolumnisaregularnewspaperarticlesoldtonewspapersallaroundthecountry.
2“Ifeltcertainthatsomewherealongthelineshewouldstubhertoe,”saidPerkins,thinkingof
Washington’sfishbowlatmosphere.(Para3)
Tostubhertoemeanstododamagetoherselforgethurt.
Inafishbowlatmosphere,everyonecanseewhatishappeninginthefishbowl.
ThesentencemeansPerkinswassuresoonerorlatershewouldgetintotroubleandbecriticized.
3Idon’tknowhowshedidit.Whattolayitto?
(Para3)
Theexpressionwhattolayittomeans“howcanoneexplainit?
”.
4…“thatacrippledman,victimofacruelaffliction,wasableformorethantenyearstoridethe
stormsofpeaceandwaratthesummitoftheUS…”(Para3)
AmaninawheelchairwithaterriblediseasecouldleadhiscountrywellbothduringtheGreatDepression
andWorldWar.
5“Mostpeoplewhohaveplayedsecondviolinalltheirlivesneverhaveanopportunitytoplayfirst
violin,”remarkedPerkins.(Para4)
Peoplewhoplaysecondviolinarethosewhodonotleadorgivesolosandwhoarealwaysoflesser
importance.Toplayfirstviolinmeanstobetheleaderandtaketheinitiative.
6“Now,ifyouwanttoknowwhatIthinkaboutMrsRoosevelt,sheistuh-riffic!
…”(Para5)
Thewordtuh-rifficmeansterrific.Itispronouncedwithastrongregionalaccent.
7OnatriptoIndia...introducedtotheIndianParliamentbyPanditNehruas“arepresentativeof
resurgenthumanity”.(Para6)
Theexpressionresurgenthumanityreferstorecoveringfromthehorrorsofthefirsthalfofthe20th
century.Arepres