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必修一U5
Unit5 NelsonMandela—amodernhero
Ⅰ.情景默写
1.Whoisresponsiblefortheoperationofsuchvehiclesisnotclearamongcarmakers,consumersand___________(律师).(2017·天津卷)
2.Howtoimprovethe___________(质量)ofproductsisadifficultproblemforhim.
3.Thentheyidentified___________(请求)callsbyanalyzingtheorderandnumberofnotes.(2017·江苏卷)
4.Asisknowntousall,notallthepeopleare___________(愿意)tovoteforthepeoplewhoareeagertobethewinnersincompetitions.(2016·江苏卷)
5.I’dliketothankmyfriend,who’sbeenvery___________(慷慨的)withhistime.
6.Thenew___________(银行行长)iswelleducated,sohecandowellinthiskindofjob.
7.Einstein’stheoriesformthebasic___________(原理)ofmodernphysics.
8.Thisbusinesscompanywas___________(建立)in1724.
9.Wereachedthe___________(阶段)wherewe’dgivenupanyhopeofcuringhercat.
10.Theysucceededin___________(逃脱)fromtheburningbuildingbybreakingdownthedoor.
11.Thegovernment___________(奖赏)himforsavingtheoldmaninthewell.
12.Chinawonthebidforthe2022WinterOlympicGamesbecausetheygotmost___________(投票).
13.Hewas___________(攻击)byadogwhenhewaswalkingalongthestreet.
14.Inmy___________(观点),thekeytosolvingtheproblemistohaveloveshinningoverthem.
15.Mandela______________________(被判处)fiveyears’hardlabourforencouragingviolenceagainstthegovernment.
16.He___________(设立;建立)hisownbusinessafterhegraduatedfromuniversity.
17.Becausehehasbeen___________(失业)formonths,theyoungmannowdependsonhisparentsforaliving.
18.Withnooneto___________(求助于)insuchafrighteningsituation,shefeltveryhelpless.
19.Heisamanwhoisactiveinsocialactivities,andhe___________(愿意)dopublicserviceworknowandthen.
20.Hewasputintoprisonbecausehe___________(爆炸)somegovernmentbuildingsinSouthAfrica.
21.Itseemedasifnothinghadbeenachieved,buthewouldnever___________(丧失勇气).
22.Thegovernment___________(上台)in2013,thatis,ithasbeeninpowerforover5years.
23.Finally,don’tbelievethosewholeavetheirfriendswhentheyare___________(在困境中)because“Afriendinneedisafriendindeed.”
24.___________(事实上),Ididnotknowhimatall.
Ⅱ.词性转换
1.Underourteacher’scareful___________(guide),wefinishedourhomeworkinadvance.
2.Maggiethoughtitwas___________(fair)thatwomenwerenotallowedtoreceiveeducation.
3.Themanshouldbecondemnedforhis___________(cruel)tohiswife.
4.Achildreceivesitsearly___________athome.Awell___________motherwillhaveagreatinfluenceonherchild’sfuture.(educate)
5.Afteryearsoffightingthepeoplelongedfor___________.Theywantedtolive___________(peaceful).
6.Allmenareborn___________,soeveryonehopestobetreated___________because___________istheessentialdemand.(equal)
7.Hecriticized___________thatthegovernmentdidlittletostopthe___________inthecountry.(violent)
8.Heis___________totheresearchandhis___________totheworkleadstohissuccess.(devote)
9.Youshouldtakeanactivepartinallthe___________(active)inyourschool.
10.Weknowfromthedaily___________reportthattheformerpresidenthadsomethingtodowiththe___________organizationandwasputtoprison.(legal)
1.句型公式:
Thatis/wasatimewhen...
那段时期我与老板相处得不好。
_________________________________Ididn’tgetalongwellwiththeboss.
2.句型公式:
时间名词作主语+谓语(see/find/witness...)
过去的五年见证了互联网的迅速发展。
_________________________________therapiddevelopmentintheInternet.
3.句型公式:
抽象地点名词后接定语从句
我已经到了这么一个阶段,感觉自己真正融入美国的生活了。
_________________________________IfeellikeIactuallyliveinAmerica.
4.句型公式:
“only+状语”置于句首引起部分倒装
只有在那时我才意识到与所有的朋友脱离关系是多么的傻。
_________________________________howfoolishitwastobreakawayfromallofmyfriends.
5.句型公式:
Thereasonwhy...was/is...
他没有被大学录取的原因是因为他的分数太低。
____________________________________________wasthathisgradesweretoolow.
6.句型公式:
did/do/does表示强调
她昨天确实告诉你这个消息了。
She______________________yesterday.
7.句型公式:
thefirsttime引导时间状语从句
他第一次登台表演就受到热烈欢迎。
Hewaswellreceived_________________________________
第一板块
重点单词
1.devotevt.献身;专心于
高考必刷题练透
(1)单句语法填空/句式升级
①Shehaddevotedherselfto___________(practice)fortenyearsandbecameoneofthebestswimmers.
②Thedoghadsuch___________(devote)toitsmasterthatitwouldnotleavehim,evenwhenhewasdead.
(2)把①中的第一分句改为现在分词短语作状语和过去分词短语作状语
③__________________________________________________________________④__________________________________________________________________
__________
_
状元笔记全记牢
(1)devote...to... 把……奉献于……
devoteoneselfto献身于……;致力于……
(2)devotedadj.忠实的;深爱的
bedevotedto...专心于……;奉献于……
(3)devotionn.关爱;关照;奉献;忠诚
【联想】 含有介词to的动词短语:
①lookforwardtodoingsth 盼望做某事
②objecttodoingsth反对做某事
③getdowntodoingsth开始做某事
④be/getaccustomedtodoingsth习惯于做某事
2.equaladj.相等的;平等的;胜任的vt.等于n.同等的人;相等物
高考必刷题练透
写出下列句中equal的含义/语法填空
①Suchbehavioris,tomymind,withoutequalallovertheworld.相等物
②It’sachallengingjobbutI’msureyou’llbeequaltoit.胜任的
③Noneofuscanequalher,eitherinbeautyorasadancer.比得上
④Anymanwillbeequal___________thetask,solongasheiscareful.Youshouldgiveitatry.
⑤Menandwomenmustbetreated________(equal)ineducationandemployment.
状元笔记全记牢
(1)beequaltosth/doingsth等于/胜任做某事
AequalsBin...A在……方面比得上B/与B相匹敌
withoutequal无与伦比
(2)equalityn.平等
equallyadv.相等地;同等地;均等地
3.escapev.&n.逃脱;逃生;泄露;被遗忘
高考必刷题练透
单句语法填空/完成句子
①Moreandmoreoilisescaping________thepipe,whichpollutestheenvironmentbadly.
②Itissaidthathenarrowlyescaped________(kill)inthetrafficaccidenttheotherday.
③Lastyear________________,andIdon’twanttoriskmylifeasecondtime.
去年我死里逃生,因此我不想再去冒生命危险了。
状元笔记全记牢
(1)escape(doing)sth逃避(做)某事
escapefrom从……逃脱;逃避
(2)sthescape(s)sb某物被某人遗忘;未被注意
(3)fireescape太平梯;安全梯;安全出口
anarrowescape九死一生;死里逃生
4.rewardn.&vt.报酬;奖金;酬劳;奖赏
高考必刷题练透
②HowcanI________yourkindness?
③Shestartedsingingtothebabyand________(reward)withasmile.
④Teachingisnotverywellpaid,butitisa________(reward)job.
(2)单句语法填空/一句多译
⑤我送给他一本书来答谢他的帮助。
⑤-1Igavehimabook________________
⑤-2________________________,Igavehimabook.
⑤-3I________________________hishelp.
状元笔记全记牢
(1)asareward(for) 作为(对某事的)报酬/奖赏
inrewardfor为酬谢……;作为奖励
(2)rewardsbforsth因某事而奖赏某人
rewardsbwithsth用某物回报某人
(3)rewardingadj.值得做的;有意义的
【辨析】
名词
动词
award
奖品,奖金,与prize用法相似
意为“授予、颁发”,常用搭配:
awardsbsth=awardsthtosb
reward
报酬、奖金或一些非金钱类的报酬
多指因对方的工作、服务、帮助而给予的报酬或奖赏,常用搭配:
rewardsbfor(doing)sth
第二板块
核心短语
1.introuble有麻烦;处于困难中
高考必刷题练透
单句语法填空/单句改错/微写作
①Hisinstanthelpgotmeout_____trouble.
②ItwaswhenwewerereturninghomethatIrealizedwhatagoodfeelingitwastohavehelpedsomeone_____trouble.
③Thanksforthetroubleyouhavetaken________(help)us.
④Ifyouareinthetrouble,Mikeisalwayswillingtolendahand._____
⑤Pleasedon’thesitatetoturntousforhelpwheneveryouhavetroubleinyourstudy.__________
⑥让我十分担心的是我在收集信息和使用语言方面确实有困难。
What__worries__me__a__lot__is__that__I__am__really__having__trouble______________________________________________
状元笔记全记牢
getintotrouble 陷入困境;惹麻烦
getsb
havetrouble
做某事有困难
takethetroubletodosth不怕费事做某事
2.turnto求助于;翻到(书的某页);开始从事(学习工作);查阅;转向
高考必刷题练透
(1)写出下列句中turnto的含义
①However,whenitissomethingbeyondmycompetence,Iturntomyclassmatesorteachersforhelp.求助于
②Followthemainroaduntilitbranchesandthenturntotheleft.转向
③Ifyouturntopage40,youwillfindit.翻到
④Afterheleftuniversityhebecameateacher,butlaterturnedtojournalism.开始从事
(2)单句语法填空
⑤Smallsailboatscaneasilyturnoverinthewaterifnotmanagedcarefully.
⑥Foodinsmallpiecescouldbeeateneasilywithtwigs(树枝)whichgraduallyturnedintochopsticks.(2016·全国卷Ⅲ改编)
状元笔记全记牢
turnagainst 背叛;反对
turnaround翻身;转身
turn(...)into把(……)变成,变为……
turnoff拐弯;使厌烦;关掉
turnover把……翻过来;翻转;移交
第三板块
经典句式
1....only__then__did__wedecidetoanswerviolencewithviolence.
……只有到这个时候,我们才决定用暴力反抗暴力。
高考必刷题练透
句型转换/微写作
①Ihavehadtimetoreadthebookonlyrecently.
→Onlyrecently__________timetoreadthebook.
②Wecanmakeadifferenceinwhateverwehopetoaccomplishonlywhenwematchourwordswithactions.
→Onlywhenwematchourwordswithactions_______________inwhateverwehopetoaccomplish.
③Only_when_a_child_grows_up_______________________________his_parents’intention.
只有当孩子长大了,他才会明白父母的用意。
状元笔记全记牢
(1)副词only放在句首修饰时间状语then,句子使用部分倒装,将助动词did放于主语we的前面。
(2)only引起倒装的三种形式:
+
【点津】only放在句首修饰主语时不用倒装。
2.Ifeltbadthe_first_timeItalkedtoagroup.
第一次给旅行团作讲解时,我的心情很不好。
高考必刷题练透
单句改错/微写作
①Wemayfeelfunnyforthefirsttimeweseethepicture,butafterfeelingfunwemustbeashamedandangry.
_______________
②Theyrushedoutatthemomenttheyheardtheshoutforhelp._______________
③TheyleftEuropeintheyearthewarbrokeout._______________
④记得上次你参观我们学校时展示了该主题的一些照片。
(2016·全国卷Ⅱ)
I_remember_you_showed_me_some_photos_on_that_theme________________you_visited_our_school.
状元笔记全记牢
(1)thefirsttime用作连词,引导时间状语从句,意为“第一次……”。
(2)下面词语可引导时间状语从句:
·由time构成的名词词组:
eachtime,thefirst/lasttime,nexttime,anytime等
·the+瞬间名词:
theminute,theinstant,thesecond,themoment等,意为“一……就……”
·the+时间名词:
theday/week/year/spring/summer/autumn/winter等
【点津】forthefirsttime是介词短语,只能用作状语,意为“第一次”。
Ⅰ.课文语法填空
MynameisElias.IamapoorblackworkerinSouthAfrica.ThetimewhenIfirst1._____(meet)NelsonMandelawasaverydifficultperiodofmylife.Iwastwelveyearsold.2._____(wasin1952andMandelawastheblack3._____(law)towhomIwentforadvice.Heoffered4._____(guide)topoorblackpeopleontheirlegalproblems.Hewasgenerouswithhistime,5_____whichIwasgrateful.
Ineededhishelp6._____