专八改错真题及答案.docx
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专八改错真题及答案
2000年-2015年专八短文改错试题
2014改错
Thereiswidespreadconsensusamongscholarsthatsecondlanguageacquisition（SLA）emergedasadistinctfieldofresearchfromthelate1950stoearly1960s.
Thereisahighlevelofagreementthatthefollowingquestions
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havepossessedthemostattentionofresearchersinthisarea:
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lIsitpossibletoacquireanadditionallanguageinthesamesenseoneacquiresafirstlanguage?
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lWhatistheexplanationforthefactadultshave（4）
moredifficultyinacquiringadditionallanguagesthanchildrenhave?
lWhatmotivatespeopletoacquireadditionallanguage?
lWhatistheroleofthelanguageteachinginthe（5）
acquisitionofadditionallanguages?
lWhatsocial-culturalfactors,ifany,arerelevantinstudyingthelearningofadditionallanguages?
Fromacheckoftheliteratureofthefielditisclearthatall（6）
theapproachesadoptedtostudythephenomenaofSLAsofarhaveonethingincommon:
Theperspectiveadoptedtoviewtheacquiringofanadditionallanguageisthatofanindividualattemptstodo（7）
so.Whetheronelabelsit“learning”or“acquiring”anadditionallanguage,itisanindividualaccomplishmentorwhatisunder（8）
focusisthecognitive,psychological,andinstitutionalstatusofanindividual.Thatis,thespotlightisonwhatmentalcapabilitiesare
involving,whatpsychologicalfactorsplayaroleinthelearning（9）___oracquisition,andwhetherthetargetlanguageislearntintheclassroomoracquiredthroughsocialtouchwithnativespeakers.（10）
20XX年
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Thecentralproblemoftranslatinghasalwaysbeenwhethertotranslateliterallyorfreely.TheargumenthasbeengoingsinceatleastthefirstcenturyB.C.Uptothebeginningofthe19thcentury,manywritersfavouredcertainkindof“free”translation:
thespirit,nottheletter;thesensenottheword;themessagerathertheform;thematternotthemanner.Thisistheoftenrevolutionarysloganofwriterswhowantedthetruthtobereadandunderstood.Thenintheturnof19thcentury,whenthestudyofculturalanthropologysuggestedthatthelinguisticbarrierswereinsuperableandthatthelanguagewasentirelytheproductofculture,theviewtranslationwasimpossiblegainedsomecurrency,andwithitthat,ifwasattemptedatall,itmustbeasliteralaspossible.Thisviewculminatedthestatementoftheextreme“literalists”WalterBenjaminandVladimirNobokov.
Theargumentwastheoretical:
thepurposeofthetranslation,thenatureofthereadership,thetypeofthetext,wasnotdiscussed.Toooften,writer,translatorandreaderwereimplicitlyidentifiedwitheachother.Now,thecontexthaschanged,andthebasicproblemremains.
20XX年专八真题改错部分
Fromaveryearlyage,perhapstheageoffiveorsix,IknewthatwhenIgrewIshouldbeawriter.Betweentheagesofaboutseventeenandtwenty-fourItriedtoabandonthisidea,butIdidsowiththeconsciencethatIwasoutragingmytruenatureandthatsoonorlaterIshouldhavetosettledownandwritebooks.
Iwasthechildofthree,buttherewasagapoffiveyearsoneitherside,andIbarelysawmyfatherbeforeIwaseight.ForthisandotherreasonsIwassomewhatlonely,andIsoondevelopeddisagreeingmannerismswhichmademeunpopularthroughoutmyschooldays.Ihadthelonelychild'shabitofmakingupstoriesandholdingconversationswithimaginativepersons,andIthinkfromtheverystartmyliteralambitionsweremixedupwiththefeelingofbeingisolatedandundervalued.IknewthatIhadafacilitywithwordsandapoweroffacinginunpleasantfacts,andIfeltthatthiscreatedasortofprivateworldwhichIcouldgetmyownbackformyfailureineverydaylife.Therefore,thevolumeofserious—i.e.seriouslyintended—writingwhichIproducedallthroughmychildhoodandboyhoodwouldnotamounttohalfadozenpages.Iwrotemyfirstpoemattheageoffourorfive,mymothertakingitdowntodictation.
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20XX年专八真题改错部分
Sofaraswecantell,allhumanlanguagesareequallycompleteandperfectasinstrumentsofcommunication:
thatis,everylanguageappearstobewellequippedasanyothertosaythethingstheirspeakerswanttosay.
Theremayormaynotbeappropriatetotalkaboutprimitivepeoplesorcultures,butthatisanothermatter.Certainly,notallgroupsofpeopleareequallycompetentinnuclearphysicsorpsychologyorthecultivationofrice.Whereasthisisnotthefaultoftheirlanguage.TheEskimos,itissaid,canspeakaboutsnowwithfurthermoreprecisionandsubtletythanwecaninEnglish,butthisisnotbecausetheEskimolanguage（oneofthosesometimesmiscalled'primitive'）isinherentlymorepreciseandsubtlethanEnglish.ThisexampledoesnotcometolightadefectinEnglish,ashowofunexpected'primitiveness'.ThepositionissimplyandobviouslythattheEskimosandtheEnglishliveinsimilarenvironments.TheEnglishlanguagewillbejustasrichintermsfordifferentkindsofsnow,presumably,iftheenvironmentsinwhichEnglishwashabituallyusedmadesuchdistinctionasimportant.
Similarly,wehavenoreasontodoubtthattheEskimolanguagecouldbeaspreciseandsubtleonthesubjectofmotormanufactureorcricketifthesetopicsformedthepartoftheEskimos'life.
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2009
Theprevioussectionhasshownhowquicklyarhymepassesfromoneschoolchildtothenextandillustratesthefurtherdifference
betweenschoolloreandnurserylore.Innurseryloreaverse,learntinearlychildhood,isnotusuallypassedonagainwhenthelittlelistenerhasgrownup,andhaschildrenoftheirown,orevengrandchildren.Theperiodbetweenlearninganurseryrhymeandtransmittingitmaybesomethingfromtwentytoseventyyears.Withtheplaygroundlore,therefore,arhymemaybeexcitedlypassedonwithintheveryhouritislearnt;andinthegeneral,itpassesbetweenchildrenofthesameage,ornearlyso,sinceitisuncommonforthedifferenceinagebetweenplaymatestobemorethanfiveyears.If,therefore,aplaygroundrhymecanbeshowntohavebeencurrentlyforahundredyears,orevenjustforfifty,itfollowsthatithasbeenretransmittedoverandover;verypossiblyithaspassedalongachainoftwoorthreehundredyounghearersandtellers,andthewonderisthatitremainsliveaftersomuchhandling,toletalonethatitbearsresemblancetothe
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专八真题短文改错
Thedesiretouselanguageasasignofnationalidentityisaverynaturalone,andinresultlanguagehasplayedaprominentpartinnationalmoves.Menhaveoftenfelttheneedtocultivateagivenlanguagetoshowthattheyaredistinctivefromanotherracewhosehegemonytheyresent.AtthetimetheUnitedStatessplitofffromBritain,forexample,therewereproposalsthatindependenceshouldbelinguisticallyacceptedbytheuseofadifferentlanguagefromthoseofBritain.TherewasevenoneproposalthatAmericansshouldadoptHebrew.OthersfavouredtheadoptionofGreek,though,asonemanputit,thingswouldcertainlybesimplerforAmericansiftheystuckontoEnglishandmadetheBritishlearnGreek.Attheend,aseveryoneknows,thetwocountriesadoptedthepracticalandsatisfactorysolutionofcarryingwiththesamelanguageasbefore.
Sincenearlytwohundredyearsnow,theyhaveshowntheworldthatpoliticalindependenceandnationalidentitycanbecompletewithoutsacrificingtheenormousmutualadvantagesofacommonlanguage.
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customer.
2015
1.looked改成looking
2.she后面加
3.去掉第二个
4.去掉it
5.polite改成
6.which改成
had
politely
that
7.specially改成especially
8.this改成it
9.continually改成often
10.mend改成narrow
2014
1.把of去掉。
2.把possessed改成attracted，
3.把a改成the
4.在facts和adults之间加个that，
5.把第二个the去掉。
6.把第二个of改成in
7.把attempts改成attempt
8.把or改成and
9.what改成how
10.把touche改成touches
2013
1.production改成producing
2.去掉the
3.去掉accurately前面的
4.looking改为look
5.we前面加that
6.去掉colleague后面的
7.their改成his
8.anyone改成pure老师
9.evolved改成involved
10.were改成are
so
has
someone
2012
参考答案：
1.goingAsinee—加入
题解：
goon的意思是“继续”，符合句子表达的含义“争论一直在继续”。
2.eertain—改为aeertain题解：
此处要表达的意思是“很多作家喜欢一种自由的翻译方法”冠词。
3.rather—改为not题解：
on
，第一次出现这种方法应该加上不定
4．is题解：
根据原句的句子结构，rather应改为not。
－改为was此句应该为过去时。
－改为at
attheturnof19thcentury"十九世纪之初”，是固定搭配。
5．in
题解：
6．the－删去第二个the
题解：
这里并没有特指某种语言，所以不用定冠词。
7.viewAtranslation—加入that
题解：
在view和translation之间加上that,可将“translationwasimpossible”看成view的同位语。
8.was—删去was
题解：
条件状语从句常可以省略主语和系动词。
9.culminatedAthe—加入in
题解：
culminatein是“以告终”的意思，符合上下文含义。
，两句话之间应该是转折关系
10．and—改为but题解：
原句意思“现在背景变化了，但是基本问题依然存在”
2011
在grow后加up,考固定短语
改consienee为consciousness考词语区别，consienee翻译为良心，道德心”，consiousnesSU译为意改soon为sooner，soonerorlater是固定短语
在child前加middle，考上下文理解。
作者是三个孩子句中的那位
改disagreeing为disagreeable，disagreeing只能作动名词，不能作形容词。
disagreeablemannernisms
改imaginative为imaginary，考词语区别imaginative翻译为“有想象力的”，imaginary翻译为“想象虚构的”
改literal为literary，考词义区别，literal翻译为“字面的”，literary翻译为“文学方面的”
去掉face后的in,face接宾语时是及物动词。
考动词的基本用法
在world后加in或者改which为where，考定语从句
改Therefore为However或者Nevertheness，考语境。
感悟：
11专八改错相对前几年专八改错要简单一点。
本人认为词义区别考得过多了。
20XX年专八真题改错参考答案以及分词
1be后插入as;
2their改为its;
3There改为It;
4Whereas改为But；
2010
as…as引导的比较级
its代替everylanguage
It此处作为形式主语，真正的主语是后面的不定式
语境需要表示转折的连词，whereas表示对比
5further改为muchfurther不能修饰比较级
6come改为bring;（sth）cometolight，bringsthtolight
bringtolightthedefectofEnglish=bringthedefectofenglishtolight揭示英语的缺陷
7similar改为different;根据语境应该用different
8will改为would;虚拟
升级会员 