船舶图解大词典第1章和第2章.docx
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船舶图解大词典第1章和第2章
船舶图解大词典
第1章船舶设计
1.1船长
1)总长Loa:
lengthGfOVeraIl
2)垂线间长Lbp:
IengthbetweenPerPendiculars[pE:
PEn'ikjuIE]]
3)登记船长L:
registeredIength
4)干舷长Lf:
freeboardIength
5)船舶分舱长度Ls:
SUbdiViSiGnlength
6)艉垂线:
aftPerPendicuIar
7)艏垂线:
forwardPerPendicuIar
8)后端点:
aftendpoint
9)挪威规范,英国规范:
OSIGRules,UKRuIes
10)前端点:
foreendpoint
11)美国规范:
USARules
12)艏楼甲板:
F'leDk
13)日本规范:
JaPaneseRules
14)艏柱:
Stem
15)水线长:
IengthGfWaterline
16)干舷长前端点:
forwardendGffreeboardIength
1.2船宽
1)登记船宽B:
registeredbreadth
2)上甲板UPPDeCk
3)角隅圆弧的断点:
terminatiGnGfCGrnerradius
4)干舷船宽Bf:
breadthGfShiPforfreeboard
5)分舱船宽BS:
SUbdiViSiGnbreadthGfShiP
1.3型深(D)depth
1.4吃水d:
draughtGrdraft
1.5干舷:
freeboard
1.6吨位及舱容tonnageandCargGCaPaCity总吨grosstonnage净吨nettonnage苏伊士运河吨位SUeZCanaItGnnage巴拿马运河吨位PanamaCanaItGnnage排水量displacement
载重吨deadweight国家吨位natiGnaltonnage国际吨位
internatiGnaltGnnage
包装货物舱容baleCaPaCity谷物舱容grainCaPaCity
夕卜板shellplating护肋材SParring
谷物容积限度grainCaPaCity捆包容积限度IimitofbaIeCaPaCity
g表示谷物容积gindicatesgrainCaPaCityb表示捆包容积bindiCatesbaleCaPaCity
底部垫木bottomCeiling
1.7船速SPeed
1.8船型系数blockCoeffiCient[kEui'fiFEntl
细长型fineform肥大型fullform方形系数blockCOeffiCient(Cb)
中横剖面系数midshipCOeffiCient(Cm)棱形系数PriSmatiCCOeffiCient(CP)[priz'mAtik]水线面系数WaterplaneCOeffiCient(CW)
1.9描述船舶动态及静态的词汇termstodescribethedynamic
[dain'mik]ConditiOnSandStatiCPOSitiOnS
纵倾trim艉翘trimbyStern艏翘trimbyhead
无纵倾状态evenkeel(non-trimmedConditiOn)
横倾heelorlist船体运动ShiPmotion
横摇rolling纵摇PitChing艏摇yawing垂荡heaving横荡SWaying纵荡SUrging
1.10描述船体构件受力及变形的词汇describethemovementofhullStrUCtUraImember
弯曲bending扭曲twisting屈曲buckling
振动VibratiOn剪切Sheering横摇rolling强摇racking
1.11其他基本词汇
(1)
1)左舷PortSide2)右舷StarbOardSide
3)纵向Iongitudinal[lCndVitju:
dinl]4)横向tranSVerSe
5)水平horizontal[hCriZCntl]6)垂直VertiCaI7)中心线Centre
Iine(CL&_)
8)舯midshiPoramidships(expressedbySymbOJ—)
9)船中区域midshipPart(0.4L~0.5L)
10)船首bow11)艏柱Stem12)艏部bowPartorforePart
13)艏垂线forePerPendicular(FP)
14)艉柱Stern15)艉部SternPartoraftPart
16)艉垂线aftPerPendicular(AP)
17)尾端ends:
thesenormallySignifytheendPartSofthehullofaShiPWith0.1L
通常是指自船尾端始的0.1L的范围
18)基线baseline(BL):
normallythekeelIine通常是指龙骨线
19)肋骨间距frameSPaCe20)肋骨线frameline
21)船体围长girthIength:
theIengthmeasuredatthetranSVerSeSeCtion
OfthehullOfaShiPfromgunneltogunnel在船体横截面上从一侧的船舷上沿量取到另一侧的船舷上沿的距离
22)龙骨上面topofkeel23)折角线knuckleline(KL)24)折角点knucklepoint
25)舷弧Sheer26)艏舷弧foreSheer27)艉舷弧aftSheer28)梁拱Camber
29)甲板内倾tumblehome30)外飘flare
31)舭部升高riseoffloor32)平行部parallelPart
1.12其他基本词汇
(2)
I)船桥甲板上缘topofbridgedeckbeam2)船桥楼外缘outlineofbridgeenclosure
3)上甲板梁上缘topofUPPerdeckbeam4)梁拱Camber
5)主甲板的内倾tumblehomeatUPPerdeck
6)船桥甲板的内倾tumblehomeatbridgedeck
7)上甲板边UPPerdeckatSide8)船中心线CentrelineofShiP
9)舭部bilgePart10)平板龙骨的一半half-sidedimensionofflatportionatkeel
II)船中船桥甲板的型深mouldeddepthtobridgedeck
12)船中主甲板处的型深mouldeddepthtoUPPerdeck
13)船中型吃水mouldeddraught
1.13线型lines
1)横剖线图bodyplan2)纵剖线图profileorSheerplan3)半宽图水线half-breadthplan
1.14其他图纸文件otherplansanddocuments
1)除线型图之外,下列图纸被称为关键图(keyplans):
总体布置图generalarrangement中横剖面图midshipSeCtion
钢材构造图conStrUCtionprofile夕卜板展开图shellexpansion
2)其他关键图以外的船体图纸被称为船厂图(yardplan):
(1)船体方面
艏柱、艉柱、螺旋桨柱和舵结构stem,Sternframe,propellerpostand
rudder
甲板结构图deckplans单底、双底结构图Singlebottomanddoublebottom
水密和油密舱壁结构图Watertightandoiltightbulkheads
上层建筑端壁图SUPerStrUCtUreendbulkhead
船首、船尾、船底部抗拍击结构图arrangementtoresistPantinginbothPeakSandtheirViCinity[viSiniti]令邻近,接近
支柱和甲板纵桁图pillarsanddeckgirders轴隧图Shafttunnels
锅炉、主机、推力轴承、中间轴承、发电机和其它重要辅机基座图
SeatingOfboiler,engine,thrustandPIummerblocksdynamos
[dainEmEu]发电机
机舱棚图machineryCaSings
长甲板室结构图longdeckhouse
桅杆、桅室和绞车平台结构图mastsandmasthousesandWinCh
platforms
泵布置图PUmPingarrangements
甲板装原木时绑扎装置布置图timberdeckcargoSeCUrityarrangements
防火构造图conStrUCtionforfirePrOteCtion
消防布置图plansshowingfireextinguishingarrangement逃生路径布置图plansshowingescaperoutes
舱室路径图plansshowingarrangementforaccessoftankandSPaCe
(2)轮机方面
机器处所布置图machineryarrangementofmachinerySPaCe
船内通讯系统图diagramforinternalcommuniCationSyStem
主、辅机图mainandauxiliaryengines
动力传动齿轮、车由系及螺旋桨图powertranSmiSSiongears,Shaftingandpropellers
锅炉及压力容器图boilerandPreSSUreVeSSeI
辅机和管系图auxiliarymachineryandPiPing
操舵装置图Steeringgear
自动控制及遥控装置图automaticandremotecontrols
备件SParePart电气装置electricalinStallations船桥视界navigationbridgeViSibiIity
(3)其他图纸文件
船体轮机设计说明书SPeCifiCatiOnsforhullandmachinery
船中横剖面模数计算书calculationSheetSforminimumathwartship[E'θwC:
tFip](横越)SeCtiOnmodulus[mCdjulEs](模数)inWayofthemidshipPart
防腐式样书corrosionPreVentionSCheme稳性计算书StabiIity
calculationSheetS
破舱稳性计算书damageStabiIitycalculationSheetS
装载手册loadingmanual绑扌L手册SeCUritymanual
1.15静水力曲线hydrostaticCUrVeS
浮心距基线高度Centreofbuoyancy['bRIEnsl]abovebaseline(KB)浮心距船中Centreofbuoyancyfrommidship(B)
漂心距船中CentreOffloatatiOnfrommidship(F)
每厘米吃水吨数tonsPerOneCentimeterimmersion(TPC)
每厘米纵倾力矩momenttoChangeOneCentimeter(CTM)
水线系数WaterplaneCOeffiCient(CW)
纵稳心距基线高longitudinalmetacentreabovebaseline(LKM)横稳心距基线高transversemetacentreabovebaseline(KM)棱形系数PriSmatiC[priz'mAtik]COeffiCient(CP)垂直棱形系数VertiCaIPriSmatiCCOeffiCient(CVP)方形系数blockCOeffiCient(Cb)
型排水量displacementintonsexcludingappendages[E'endidV](附件,附属物)
总排水量displacementintonsincludingappendages
船体湿表面面积WettedSUrfaCearea(W.S.)
1.16稳性StabiIity
I)静态稳性intactStabiIity2)动态稳性dynamicStabiIity
3)稳性判据StabiIityCriteria(标准)4)稳性曲线StabiIityCUrVeS
5)倾斜试验incliningtest6)重心高度KG(heightofCentreofgravity)
7)稳心高度KM(heightofmetacentre)
8)初稳性高度GM9)静稳性力臂GZ
10)自由液面的影响freeWatereffect
II)大倾角稳性StabiIityatalargeinclinationangle
12)稳性十字曲线crossCUrVeSofStabiIity
13)纵向稳性IongitudinalStabiIity14)横向稳性transverseStabiIity
15)破舱稳性damageStabiIity16)浸水计算floodingcalculation
17)浸水概率floodingPrObabiIity18)分舱COmPartment
19)生存条件SUrViVaIrequirement20)最终状态finalStage
21)生存概率SUrViVaIPrObabiIity22)分舱指数SUbdiViSiOnindex
23)处所渗诱率PermeabiIityofaSPaCe
24)许用GMo曲线PermiSSibIeGMoCUrVe
1.17波浪WaVe
斯托克波StOkeSWaVe正弦波SineWaVe摆动波trochoidalWaVe船行波WaVegeneratedbyShiPsailing散波divergent[daiVE:
dVEnt]WaVe
船尾横波SterntranSVerSeeave船首横波bowtranSVerSeWaVe1.18船体强度StrengthofShiP
船体垂向弯曲最终强度VertiCalbendingUItimateStrength船体梁强度hullgirderStrength纵向强度IongitudinalStrength纵向弯距Iongitudinalbendingmoment剪切力Sheeringforce中拱hogging中垂Sagging
静水弯距IongitudinalbendingmomentinstillWater(MS)
波浪弯矩Mw(+)andMW(-)WaVeinducedlongitudinalbending
moment
横向强度tranSVerSeStrength扭转强度twistingStrength局部强度localStrength失稳强度bucklingStrength受压失稳强度COmPreSSiVebucklingStrength剪切失稳强度SheerbucklingStrength直接强度计算/分析directStrengthcalculation/analyzing疲劳强度fatigue[fE'g]Strength疲劳强度解析、评价fatigueStrengthanlyze,assessment应力集中StreSSCOnCentratiOnkCnsen'treiFEn]波浪周期WaVePeriOd随浪followingWaVe顶浪headingSea横浪beamWaVe
波浪载荷WaVeload垂向波浪弯距VertiCaIWaVebendingmoment波浪变动压hydrodynamic[‘haidrEudaiAmik](水力,流体动力学)pressure
舱室内压internalPreSSUre许用应力allowable[EIauEbl]StreSS最小弯距Wmin剖面模数SeCtiOnmodulus惯性矩momentofinertia[IhE:
FjE]
强度连续性COntinUity[kCnti'nju(:
)iti]ofStrength板架、板单元platePanel
1.19船体尺寸限制
Panama[pAnE'm:
]圣。
劳伦斯水路St.LaWrence[lCrEns]SeaWay马六甲海峡StraitofMaIaCCa[mE'IAkE]
1.20造船用材料
1)轧制钢材rolledsteel
板材plate型材ShaPe扁钢flatbar(FB)球扁钢bulbplate(BP)角钢angle(A)槽钢Channel(C)T型钢Tbar铆钉钢riVetbar圆钢roundbar半圆钢halfroundbar
2)组合型材built-upShaPe
3)材质material
普低钢(软钢)mild[maild]steel(MS):
gradeA,B,D,E
高强钢hightensionsteel(HT):
gradeA32,D32,E36,D36,A40,D40,E40
低温钢low-temperaturesteel:
L24A,L24B,L27,L33,L37,L2N30,
L3N32,L5N43,L9N53,L9N60
不锈钢Stainlesssteel
复合钢cladsteel
铸钢steelCaSting
锻钢steelforging[fC:
dViN]
铝合金alumimumalloy[AlCi]
第2章船体通用部件名称
2.1龙骨keel
1)方钢龙骨barkeel(用于小型船舶)2)龙骨翼板garboardStrake
3)箱型龙骨ductkeel,和双层底构造的管弄(PiPetunnel)兼用
4)内底板tanktop5)平板龙骨flatplatekeel,keelplate
2.2外板shellplating
龙骨板keelplate,固定缩略为K;舷顶列板SheerStrake,固定缩略为S
舭部外板bilgeStrakeorbilgeplate船底外板bottomshellplate船首底板forwardbottomplate舷侧外板Sideshellplate
2.3舭龙骨bilgekeel平钢flatbar
2.4肋骨frame
1)按设置的方向分:
纵向肋骨longitudinalframe横向肋骨tranSVerSeframe
2)按设置的部位分frametermedbytheirloCatiOn
(1)艏尖舱肋骨forePeakframe
(2)艉尖舱肋骨aftPeakframe⑶货舱肋骨holdframe(4)机舱肋骨engineroom
frame(5)甲板间肋骨tweendeckframe(6)上层建筑肋骨SUPerStrUCtUreframe
⑺倾斜肋骨Cantframe(8)巡洋舰尾型肋骨frameof
CrUiSerStern(9)抗拍击(砰击)肋骨Pantingframe(10)前端肋骨foreendframe
3)按重要程度、构件尺寸的大小分:
箱型肋骨boxtypeframe特设肋骨、强肋骨Webframe普通肋骨
ordinaryframe
2.5肋骨间距及保护framespace,PrOteCtionforframe
1)横置护肋材horizontalSParring2)垂直护肋材VertiCal
SParring
2.6底部构造
1)单底构造SinglebottomconStrUCtion
(1)平板龙骨flatplatekeel
(2)中心线内龙骨Centrekeelson[kelsn]
⑶面板riderplate(4)肋板floorplate(5)侧内龙骨Sidekeelson
(6)外底板bottomshellplate(7)舷侧外板Sideshellplate
(8)肋骨frame(9)舭肘板bilgebracket
2)双层底构造doublebottomconStrUCtion
(1)侧纵桁Sidegirder
(2)水密肋板Watertightfloor(3)开放肋板openfloor
⑷实体肋板solidfloor(5)内底板tanktop(6)中心线板middleIineStrake
⑺肋骨frame(8)缘板margin[‘mdVin]plate(9)中心线纵桁Centregirder
(10)双层底舱顶板tanktopplate(11)缘板marginplate
(12)中线列板middlelineStrake(13)肋骨肘板framebracket
(14)舱边肘板tankSidebracket(15)撑角板g