湖南省岳阳市十四中届高三上学期期末考试英语试题 Word版含答案doc.docx
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湖南省岳阳市十四中届高三上学期期末考试英语试题Word版含答案doc
岳阳市十四中2016届高三(上)期末考试
英语试题
第一部分听力(共两节,满分30分)
第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分,满分7.5分)
听下面5段对话。
每段对话后有一个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后,你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?
A.Teacherandstudent.B.Workmates.C.Classmates.
2.Howwilltheygotothetheatre?
A.Bysubway.B.Onfoot.C.Bytaxi.
3.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthesoup?
A.Terrible.B.Good.C.Justso-so.
4.Howmanyfactorscontributetoputtingonweight?
A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.
5.Whyisthemanexcited?
A.Hisauntiscomingtovisithim.
B.Heisgoingtovisithisaunt.
C.Hisunclewillcomeforavisit.
第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分,满分22.5分)
听下面5段对话或独白,每段对话或独白后有几个小题,从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项,并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前,你将有时间阅读各个小题,每小题5秒钟;听完后,各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料,回答第6、7题。
6.Howdoesthemanwanthisbeeftobe?
A.Well-done.B.Medium.C.Rare.
7.Whatdoesthemanwanttodrink?
A.Coffee.B.Tea.C.Water.
听第7段材料,回答第8、9题。
8.Whatdidthemanreceivefromhisschoolfriend?
A.Agift.B.Acard.C.Aletter.
9.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheman?
A.Brave.B.Fortunate.C.Excited.
听第8段材料,回答第10至12题。
10.Howdoesthemanfeelwhenhearingexercisingwhileworking?
A.Doubting.B.Curious.C.Strange.
11.Whyaremanycompaniesusingexercisingwhileworking?
A.Toattractemployees’interests.
B.Tomakeemployeeshealthy.
C.Toreducethefeesofeverydaywork.
12.Whatdoesthewomanadvisepeopleworkingintheofficetodoatlunchtime?
A.Waitinline.B.Emailcolleagues.C.Takewalks.
听第9段材料,回答第13至16题。
13.Wherewasthethirty-nationmeetingheld?
A.InBerlin.B.InNorway.C.InDenmark.
14.WhatmightbeoneaimoftheGreenClimateFund?
A.Todevelopcleanenergyandgreentechnology.
B.Toraisemoneytohelpthepoorindevelopingcountries.
C.Topreventthehappeningofrisingseasandfloods.
15.HowmuchhavetheUK,GermanyandFrancepromisedintotal?
A.$13billion.B.$33billion.C.$39billion.
16.Whataretheytalkingabout?
A.ThemembersoftheGreenClimateFund.
B.Somethingaboutathirty-nationmeeting.
C.Howtounitetoprotecttheenvironment.
听第10段材料,回答第17至20题。
17.Whatproblemdidthechildrenhave?
A.Theydidn’tdaretotakethechallengeoflife.
B.Theyaretiredofreadingtextsatschool.
C.Theyfailtogetabetterunderstandingoftexts.
18.Whyareparentsadvisedtoletkidsbethetourguides?
A.Toexpectthemtoreadmorelocalstories.
B.Toencouragethemtovisitplacesofinterest.
C.Tomakethemrealizewhattheylearnisofuse.
19.Whenisthebesttimetolearnsomethingnew?
A.Spring.B.Summer.C.Winter.
20.Whatdosomestatescallforstudentstodo?
A.Toreadmorenon-fiction.
B.Toattendahealtheducationclass.
C.Todeveloplife-longinterests.
第二部分阅读理解(共两节,满分40分)
第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)
阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项(A、B、C、和D)中,选出最佳选项
并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。
A
HowtoBeaWinner
SirStevenRedgrave
Winnerof5OlympicGoldMedals
“In1997Iwasfoundtohavedevelopeddiabetes(糖尿病).Believingmycareerwasover,Ifeltextremelylow.ThenoneofthespecialistssaidtherewasnoreasonwhyIshouldstoptrainingandcompeting.Thatwasit—theencouragementIneeded.IcouldstillbeawinnerifIbelieveinmyself.Iamnotsayingthatitisn’tdifficultsometimes.ButIwantedtoprovetomyselfthatIwasn’tfinishedyet.Nothingistostandinmyway.”
KarenPickering
SwimmingWorldChampion
“Iswim4hoursaday,6daysaweek.Imanagethatsortofworkloadbyputtingitontopofmydiary.Thisisthekeytosuccess—youcan’tfollowacareerinanyfieldwithoutbeingwell-organized.Listwhatyoubelieveyoucanachieve.Trustyourself,writedownyourgoalsfortheday,howeversmalltheyare,andyou’llbeastepclosertoachievingthem.”
KirstenBest
Poet&Writer
“Whenthingsaregettinghard,avoiceinsidemyheadtellsmethatIcan’tachievesomething.Then,thereareotherdistractions,suchasfamilyorhobbies.Thekeyistoconcentrate.WhenIfeeltense,ithelpsalottorepeatwordssuchas‘calm’,‘peace’or‘focus’,eitheroutloudorsilentlyinmymind.Itmakesmefeelmoreincontrolandincreasesmyconfidence.Thisisahabitthatcanbecomesecondnaturequiteeasilyandisapowerfulpsychologicaltool.”
21.WhatdoesSirStevenRedgravemainlytalkabout?
A.Difficultiesinfluencedhiscareer.
B.Specialistsofferedhimmedicaladvice.
C.Heovercametheshadowofillnesstowin.
D.Traininghelpedhimdefeathisdisease.
22.WhatdoesKarenPickeringputontopofherdiary?
A.HerachievementsB.Hertrainingschedule
C.HerdailyhappeningsD.Hersportscareer
23.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“distractions”probablyreferto?
A.Waysthathelponetofocus.
B.Wordsthathelponetofeellesstense.
C.Habitsthatmakeithardforonetorelax.
D.Activitiesthatturnone’sattentionaway.
B
RonaldHoffmanbornin1937isPolish-bornAmericanorganicchemistandNobellaureate(桂冠).Asatheoreticalchemist,Hoffmannstudiedenergylevelsinchemicalbondsduringchemicalreactions.Heputcomputerstousetosolvehisproblemsand,despitethecomplexityofhisresearch,wasabletoexplainhistheoriesanddiscoveriestothenon-specialist.Forhisworkhewasawardedthe1981NobelPrizeinchemistry,whichhesharedwithFukuiKenichi.
BorninPoland,HoffmannsettledinNewYorkCityasachildandbecameaUnitedStatescitizen.HereceivedhisundergraduatedegreeinpremedicalstudiesfromColumbiaCollegein1958.HeattendedHarvardUniversity,wherehereceivedhisPh.D.degreeinchemicalphysicsin1962.HejoinedthefacultyofCornellUniversityinthemid-1960sandremainedtherethroughouthiscareer.
HoffmannandNobellaureatechemistRobertBurnsWoodwarddevelopedrules,basedonquantummechanics,todeterminehowenergylevelsinatomicelectronorbitsinfluencehowachemicalreactiontakesplace.Thesesimplerules,knownastheWoodward-Hoffmannrules,allowedchemiststopredictreactionresultsandwasquicklyacceptedandputtouseinawidevarietyofsituations.
Hoffmannlaterturnedhisresearchtoavarietyofproblemsrelatedtodiscoveringthemolecularstructureofinorganicandorganometalliccompounds.HoffmannisalsoknownforwhatiscalledtheIsolobalAnalogy,whichisyetanotherdiscoverylinkingallareasofchemistry.Itisusefulinpredictingthebehaviorofnewmoleculesbasedontheorbitstructureofthecomponentsusedtoformthem.
Aidedbycomputers,Hoffmannwasabletogenerateavastamountofdatatosupporthisideas.Unlikethescientificpapersofmanychemists,Hoffmann'spublicationscontainlittlerawdatabutinsteadarefilledwithdiagramsandpicturestoexplainhisresults.Hisdrawingsofshadedballoonstoindicateeigenvectors,aunitusedinmathematics,arenowtheacceptedscientificnotationforillustratingthisvalue.
24.WhatcanbeinferredfromtheabovepassageaboutHoffman?
A.HisfamilymayhavesettledintheUnitedStates.
B.HelefthishomelandwhenhegottheNobelPrize.
C.HewenttotheUnitedStatestogainhisNobelPrize.
D.HemightfindtheUnitesStatesabetterplacetolearnchemistry.
25.HowdidHoffmanmakehisresearchpopular?
A.Heestablishedaspecialcomputersystemtohelp.
B.Hedrewsomeformsexplaininghisideas.
C.Heappliedsomecomputerskillstohelpexplainhisideas.
D.Hedidseriesofexperimentstoprovehisideas.
26.Theunderlinedword“generate”inthispassagemightmostprobablymean“_________”.
A.bringinB.breakdown
C.moveawayD.keepsecret
27.WhywasRonaldHoffmanawardedthe1981NobelPrizeforchemistry?
A.Heestablishedrulestopredictchemicalreactions.
B.HesharedwhathehadachievedwithanotherscientistnamedFukuiKenichi.
C.Hesucceededapplyingcomputersciencetochemistryresearch.
D.Hesucceededinbothchemistryandcomputerresearches.
C
ThispastsummerIwentonajourneytoCanada’sArcticwithStudentsOnIce.WhenIleftCalgaryIwonderedwhatwouldfind,whatIwouldlearnandwhoIwouldmeet.OnthetriptoOttawaIwaswrappedinablanketofuncertaintyandexcitement.
ButwhenIfirstmetthegroupofstudents,scientistsandexpeditionleaders,IknewthatIdidn’thaveanythingtoworryabout.ThegroupwasamazinglyharmoniousandIwassoonpartofabigfamilysettingoutonanamazingadventure—anadventureofalifetime!
WhenwereachedtheArcticIwasoverwhelmed(震撼)withitsvastnessandbeautyandmysenseswererepeatedlyshockedandamazed.
IstoodonthedeckoftheKapitanKhlebnikovandsawcountlesstoweringicebergs,twelvepolarbears,afewrareivorygulls(海鸥),andmountainousislands.IflewoverlargeglaciersandstoodonthefrozenArcticOceanwherepolarbearswalkinsearchofsealholes,andpatientlywaitforameal.
Ilearnedthatpolarbearsaresuccessfulonlyoneouteverytwentyhuntingattempts,Isawavastlandthatappeareduntouchedandoriginal.
However,IlearnedthattheArcticanditsinhabitantsarebeingthreatenedbypollutionandglobalwarming.IlearnedthatpollutantsarecarriedbyoceanandairandhaveanegativeeffectonallArcticinhabitants.Ilearnedthatglobalwarminghasputpolarbearsatriskbecauseawarmerclimatemeansthattheyhaveashortertimetohuntsealsontheice.
Thetripwasafeastforthesenses.Ihavelearnedmoreaboutourenvironment,andparticularlyhowaliveandinterestingtheArcticisandwhyitissoimportanttotakecareofit.TheArcticdeservestobepreserved.Mytrip