GRE试题一.docx

GRE试题一.docx

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GRE试题一

GRE试题

（一）

SECTION1

Time-30minutes

38Questions

Directions:

Eachsentencebelowhasoneortwoblanks,eachblankindicatingthat

somethinghasbeenomitted.Beneaththesentencearefiveletteredwordsorsets

ofwords.Choosethewordorsetofwordsforeachblankthatbestfitsthemeaning

ofthesentenceasawhole.

1.Nonviolentdemonstrationsoftencreatesuchten-sionsthatacommunitythathas

constantlyrefusedto-------itsinjusticesisforcedtocorrectthem:

theinjustices

cannolongerbe-------.

（A）acknowledge..ignored

（B）decrease..verified

（C）tolerate..accepted

（D）address..eliminated

（E）explain..discussed

2.Since1813reactiontoJaneAusten’snovelshasoscillatedbetween-------

andcondescension;butingenerallaterwritershaveesteemedherworksmorehighlythan

didmostofherliterary-------.

（A）dismissal..admirers

（B）adoration..contemporaries

（C）disapprpval..readers

（D）indifference..followers

（E）approbation..precursors

3.Thereare,asyet,novegetationtypesorecosystemswhosestudyhasbeen-------

totheextentthattheynolonger-------ecologists.

（A）perfected..hinder

（B）exhausted..interest

（C）prolonged..require

（D）prevented..challenge

（E）delayed..benefit

4.UnderethicalguidelinesrecentlyadoptedbytheNationallnstitutesofHealth,

humangenesaretobemanipulatedonlytocorrectdiseasesforwhich-------

treatmentsareunsatisfactory.

（A）similar

（B）most

（C）dangerous

（D）uncommon

（E）alternative

5.Itwasherviewthatthecountry’sproblemshadbeen-------byforeigntechnocrats,

sothattoinvitethemtocomebackwouldbecounterproductive.

（A）foreseen

（B）attacked

（C）ascertained

（D）exacerbated

（E）analyzed

6.WinsorMcCay,thecartoonist,coulddrawwithincredible-------:

hiscomicstrip

aboutLittleNemowascharacterizedbymarvelousdraftsmanshipandsequencing.

（A）sincerity

（B）efficiency

（C）virtuosity

（D）rapidity

（E）energy

7.Theactual-------ofWilson’spositionwasalways-------byhisrefusalto

compromiseafterhavinginitiallyagreedtonegotiateasettlement.

（A）outcome..foreshadowed

（B）logic..enhanced

（C）rigidity..betrayed

（D）uncertainty..alleviated

（E）cowardice..highlighted

Directions:

Ineachofthefoiiowingquestions,arelatedpairofwordsorphrases

isfollowedbyfiveletteredpairsofwordsorphrases.Selecttheletteredpairthat

bestexpressesarelationshipsimilartothatexpressedintheoriginalpair.

8.SEDATTVE:

DROWSlNESS:

:

（A）epidemic:

contagiousness

（B）vaccine:

virus

（C）laxative:

drug

（D）anestheiic:

numbness

（E）therapy:

psychosis

9.LAWYER:

COURTROOM:

:

（A）participant:

team

（B）commuter:

train

（C）gladiator:

arena

（D）senator:

caucus

（E）patient:

ward

10.CURIOSITY:

KNOW:

:

（A）temptation:

conquer

（B）starvation:

eat

（C）wanderlust:

travel

（D）humor:

laugh

（E）survival:

live

11.FRUGAL:

MISERLY:

:

（A）confident:

arrogant

（B）courageouss:

pugnacious

（C）famous:

aggressive

（D）rash:

foolhardy

（E）quiet:

timid

12.ANTIDOTE:

POISON:

:

（A）cure:

recovery

（B）narcotic:

sleep

（C）stimulant:

relapse

（D）tonic:

lethargy

（E）resuscitation:

breathing

13.STYGIAN.:

DARK:

:

（A）abysmal:

low

（B）cogent:

contentious

（C）fortuitous.:

accidental

（D）reckless:

threatening

（E）cataclysmic:

doomed

14.WORSHIP:

SACRIFICE:

:

（A）generation:

pyre

（B）burial:

mortuary

（C）weapon:

centurion

（D）massacre:

invasion

（E）prediction:

augury

15.EVANESCENT:

l）ISAPPEAR:

（A）tlansparent:

penetrate

（B）onerous:

struggle

（C）feckless:

succeed

（D）illusory:

exist

（E）pliant:

yield

16.UPBRAlD:

REPROACH:

:

（A）dote:

like

（B）lal:

:

stray

（C）vex:

please

（D）earn:

desire

（E）recast:

explain

Directions:

Eachpassageinthisgroupisfollowedbyquestionsbasedonitscontent.

Afterreadingapassage,choosethebestanswertoeachquestion.Answerallquestions

followingapassageonthebasisofwhatisstatedorimpliedinthatpassage.

lthasbeenknownformanydecadesthattheappear-

anceofsunspotsisroughlyperiodic,withanaverage

cycleofelevenyears.Moreover,theincidenceofsolar

flaresandthefluxofsolarcosmicrays,ultravioletradia-

tion,andx-radiationallvarydirectlywiththesunspot（5）

cycle.Butaftermorethanacenturyofinvestigation.the

relationoftheseandotherphenomena,knowncollec-

tivelyasthesolar-activitycycle,toterrescrialweather

andclimateremainsunclear.Forexample.thesunspot

cycleandthealliedrnagnetic-polaritycyclehavebeen（10）

linkedtoperiodicitiesdiscernedinrecordsofsuchvari-

ablesasrainhll.temperature,andwinds.lnvariably,

however,therelationisweak.andcommonlyofdubious

statisticalsignificance.

Effectsofsolarvariabilityoverlongertermshavealso（15）

beensought.Theabsenceofrecordedsunspotactivityin

thenoteskeptbyEuropeanobserversinthelateseven-

teenthandearlyeighteenthcenturieshasledsomeschol-

arstopostulateabriefcessationofsunspotactivityat

thattime（aperiodcalledtheMaunderminimum）.The（20）

Maunderminimumhasbeenlinkedtoaspanofunusual

coldinEuropeextendingfromthesixteenthtotheearly

nineteenthcenturies.TherealityoftheMaundermini-

mumhasyettobeestablished,however,especiallysince

therecordsthatChinesenaked-eyeobserversofsolar（25）

activitymadeatthattimeappeartocontradictit.Scien-

tistshavealsosoughtevidenceoflong-termsolarperiod-

icitiesbyexaminingindirectclimatologicaldata,suchas

fossilrecorasofthethicknessofancienttreerings.These

studies,however,failedtolinkunequivocallyterrestrial（30）

climateandthesolar-activitycycle,oreventocontirm

thecycle’spastexistenue.

IfconsistPn!

andre!

iab!

egeo!

sgigal~-arek-xologieal

evidencetracingthesolar-activitycycleinthedistant

pastcouldbefound,itmightalsoresolveanimportant（35）

issueinsolarphysics:

howtomodelsolaractivity.Cur-

rently,cherearetwomodelsofsolaractivity.Thetirst

supposesthattheSun’sinternalmotions（causedby

rotationandconvection）interactwithitslarge-scale

magneticfieldtoproduceadynamo.adeviceinwhich（40）

mechanicalenergyisconvertedintotheenergyofamag-

neticfield.lnshort.theSun’slarge-scalemagneticfield

istakentobeself-sustaining,sothatthesolar-activity

cycleitdriveswouldbemaintainedwithlittleoverall

changcforperhapsbillionsofyears.Thealternative（45）

exp）anarionsupposesthattheSun’slarge-sca）emagnetic

fieldisaremnantofthefieldtheSunacquiredwhenit

formed,andisnotsustainedagainstdecay.Inthis

model.thesolarmechanismdependentontheSun’s

magnetiCfieldrunsdownmorequickly.Thus,thechar-（50）

acteristicsofthesolar-activitycycleuvuldbeexpectedto

changeoveralongperiodoftime.Modernsolarobser-

vationsspantooshortatimetorevealwhetherpresent

cyclicalsolaraCtivityisalong-livedfeatureoftheSun,

ormerelyatransientphenomenon.

17.Theauthorfocusesprimarilyon

（A）presentingtwocompetingscientifictheoriesconcerningsolar

activityandevaluatinggeologicalevidenceoftencitedtosupportthem

（B）givingabriefoverviewofsomerecentscientifrcdevelopments

ins’olarphysicsandassessingtheirimpactonfutureclimatologicalresearch

（C）discussingthedifficultiesinvolvedinlinkinl:

ter-restrial

phenomenawithsolaractivityandindicatinghowresolvingthatissue

couldhaveanimpactonourunderstandingofsolarphysics

（D）pointingoutthefutilityofacertainlineofsci-entificinquiry

intotheterrestrialeffectsofsolaractivityandrecommendineita

aban-donmentinfavorofpurelyphysics-orientedresearch

（E）outlininethespecificreasonswhyaprobleminsolarphysicshas

notyetbeensolvedandfaultingtheoverlytheoreticalapproachofmodern

physicists.

18.Whichofth.efollowingstatementsaboutthetwomodelsofsolar

activity.astheyaredescribedinlines37-55,isaccurate?

（A）Inbothmodglscyclicalsolaractivityisregardedasalong-lived

featureoftheSun,persistingwithlittlechangeoverbillionsofyears.

（B）Tnbothmodelsthesolar-activitycycleishypothesizedasbeing

dependentonthelarge-scalesolarmagneticfield.

（C）TnonemodeltheSun’smagneticfieidisthoughttoplayarolein

causingsolaractiv-ity,whereasintheothermodelitisnot.

（D）Inonemodelsolaractivityispresumedtobeunrelatedtoterrestrial

phenomena.whereasintheothermodelsolaractivityisthoughttohave

observableeffectsontheEarth.

（E）Inonemodelcyclesofsolaractivitywithperi-odicitieslongerthan

afewdecadesarecon-sideredtobeimpossible,whereasintheothermodel

suchcyclesarepredicted.

19.Accordingtothepassage,lateseventeenth-andearlyeighteenth-century

Chineserecordsareimpor-tantforwhichofthefollowingreasons?

（A）TheysuggestthatthedataonwhichtheMaunderminimumwaspredicated

wereincorrect.

（B）TheysyggestthattheMaunderminimumcan-notberelatedtoclimate.

（C）ThcysuggestthattheMaunderminimummightbe\-’alidonlyforEurope.

（D）Theyestablishtheexistenceofaspanofunusu-allycoldweather

worldwideatthetimeoftheMaunderminimum.

（E）TheyestablishthatsolaractivityatthetirneoftheMaunderminimum

didnotsignificantlyvaryfromitspresentpattern.

20.Theauthorimplieswhichofthefollowineaboutcurrentlyavailable

geologicalandarchaeoloeicalevidenceconcerningthesolar-activitycycle?

（A）Itbestsupportsthemodelofsolaractivitydescribedinlines37-45.

（B）Itbest