新高考8省3+1+2模式高三名校好题速递分项汇编 阅读理解解析版.docx

新高考8省3+1+2模式高三名校好题速递分项汇编 阅读理解解析版.docx

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新高考8省3+1+2模式高三名校好题速递分项汇编阅读理解解析版

2021届新高考8省3+1+2模式高三名校好题速递分项汇编（3）阅读理解

●阅读理解【河北省保定市2020-2021学年上学期高三摸底考试】

InApril,JacklineOyamo,31,waslaidofffromherjobasanelectronicsalesassistantatashopinKibera,oneoftheworld’slargestslums（贫民窟）ofNairobi,Kenya.ThemeasurestocontroltheCOVID-19pandemicmeantfewercustomersandstaffcutbacks.“Afterlosingmyjob,itwasextremelydifficulttokeepfeedingmyselfafterIexhaustedmysmallsavings,”shesays.

ButOyamoisabletogetfreshproduceforfreefromVictorEdalia,a30-year-oldurbanfarmerinherneighborhood.LastNovember,Edalia,whoworks.asadriverbyday,changedatrashdumpsiteintheslumintoanurbangarden.Hesignedanagreementwithalocalchieftousetheland.Now,theplot,aboutaquarterofanacre,growsvegetablessuchastomatoes,onionsandspinach.

Edaliaoriginallystartedthefarmtoincreasehisincome.Theideawastosellvegetablestohotels.Butoncethepandemichit,hechangedtheplan.Hewantedtofindawayto“giveback,”hesays.

Sothroughoutthepandemic,Edaliahasbeenprovidingfreesuppliesofvegetablesto10needyfamiliesandindividualsinKibera.Theyincludeyoungpeoplewholosttheirjobsinthepandemic,likeOyamo,aswellassinglemothersandfamilieswithhouseholdsofmorethansevenpeople.Theycandropbythefarmuptothreetimesaweektopickupasupplyofvegetables.

MosesOmondi,teamleaderofAdoptaFamily,alocalnonprofitthat’sbeenprovidingdryfooddonationslikemaizeflourto500familiesinKibera,thinksEdalia’sprogramispromising.“Ithinkit’saprettysmartapproach,”hesays.“Inadditiontosupportingstrugglingfamiliesduringthesetoughtimesthatfacestarvationwhileathome,ithelpstoreduceanxietyandhelplessnessofaKiberafamily.”

1．WhathappenedtoOyamoinApril?

A．Shehadaveryhardtimeafterlosingherjob.

B．Shesoldelectronicproductstogetenoughfood.

C．ShequitherjobtoprotectherselffromCOVID-19.

D．Shespenthersavingstohelpcontrolthepandemic.

2．WhydidEdaliChangehisoriginalplanforrunningthefarm?

A．Tofindawaytopayoffhisdebt.

B．Toofferfreevegetablestopeopleinneed.

C．Tosellvegetablestotheneedyfamiliesandindividuals.

D．Tomakemoremoneybysellingvegetablestohotels.

3．What’sOmondi’sattitudetoEdaliasprogram?

A．Doubtful.

B．Uninterested.

C．Hopeful.

D．Disapproving.

4．Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A．HowCanWeHelpthePoor?

B．WhatCanPeopleDointhePandemic?

C．JobLosersHelpGrowVegetables

D．UrbanFarmerGivesGreenstothePoor

【答案】1．A2．B3．C4．D

【解析】本文为一则新闻。

文章主要叙述了在冠状病毒流行期间，很多人失业，很难养活自己。

城市农民Edalia把贫民窟的垃圾场变成了城市花园，种植蔬菜免费提供给贫困家庭。

这帮助了在饥饿中挣扎的家庭，减轻他们的焦虑和无助感。

1．细节理解题。

根据第一段中的““Afterlosingmyjob,itwasextremelydifficulttokeepfeedingmyselfafterIexhaustedmysmallsavings,”shesays.”可知，“失业后，我耗尽了我的小积蓄，很难继续养活自己，”她说。

由此可知，Oyamo失业后，有一个非常艰难的时期。

故选A。

2．细节理解题。

根据第三段中的“Butoncethepandemichit,hechangedtheplan.Hewantedtofindawayto“giveback,”hesays.”及第四段中的“Sothroughoutthepandemic,Edaliahasbeenprovidingfreesuppliesofvegetablesto10needyfamiliesandindividualsinKibera.”可知，但一旦冠状病毒流行袭来，他改变了计划。

他说，他想找到一种“回馈社会”的方法。

因此，在整个冠状病毒流行期间，Edalia一直在向基贝拉的10个贫困家庭和个人免费提供蔬菜。

由此可知，Edalia改变了原来经营农场的计划是因为他为有需要的人的贫困者提供免费蔬菜。

故选B。

3．推理判断题。

根据最后一段“MosesOmondi,teamleaderofAdoptaFamily,alocalnonprofitthat’sbeenprovidingdryfooddonationslikemaizeflourto500familiesinKibera,thinksEdalia’sprogramispromising.”可知，MosesOmondi是当地非营利组织“收养家庭”的负责人，该组织一直在向基贝拉的500个家庭提供玉米粉等干粮捐赠，他认为Edalia的项目很有前景。

由此推知，Omondi感觉Edalias的项目是有前途的。

故选C。

4．主旨大意题。

文章主要叙述了在流行病期间，城市农民Edalia把贫民窟的垃圾场变成了城市花园，来种植蔬菜免费提供给贫困家庭，帮助那些在饥饿中挣扎的家庭，减轻他们的焦虑和无助感。

由此可知，文章主要围绕“城市农民免费提供给贫困者蔬菜”展开的。

本文的最佳标题就是D项UrbanFarmerGivesGreenstothePoor（城市农民给穷人提供蔬菜）。

故选D。

Youknowthatoldsayingthatlaughteristhebestmedicine.Well,studieshavelongshownthatlaughtercanhaveapositiveeffectbothphysicallyandemotionally.InSouthKorea,anationmoreusedtoholdingbackitsemotions,atleastonehospitalisencouragingpatientstoletlooseontheirregularbasis.

Laughing,forthosecancerpatientsandtheirfamilies,isaweeklyexerciseatSeoulNationalUniversityhospital.Itissomethingthatdoesnotcomeeasyforthem,butanhouroflaughtertherapy（疗法）isallittakestofightdepressionthatoftenfollowschemicaltreatment.LimSongLi,atherapistatthehospital,wasonceadepressionpatientherself.Shenowisalaughtertherapistandsayswhenyoulaugh,bloodvesselsexpand,andsugarlevelsdrop,producinganabundanceofhormones（激素）linkedwithhappinessandpleasure.ButinKoreanculture,whereConfuciantraditiondominates（主导）socialbehavior,laughingisnotanaturething.Koreanmenaretaughtnottocrymorethanthreetimesintheirlifetime.AndthesoundofaKoreanwoman'slaughtershouldnotbeheardoutsidethefenceofherhome.Butinsidethishospital,theyarelettingitout.Bytheendofthesession,theymakebelieflaughssomehowbecometheirown.

Iflaughingrequireseffort,morenaturaltoKoreans,itissinging.Thesing-songstartherapist,famousforhertherapysessionstofighthousewifedepression,JeongJiSongsayssingingisaneasierwaytoexpressinnerfeelings,especiallyforKoreanwomenbroughtupintheconservativebackground.Forsome,theseclassescanbeastress-managementtool,butformanymorewhosufferfromdepression,learningtosingouttheirheartcanbeahealingprocess.

ItnotonlyhelpedYingSeungWoocomeoutofseveredepression,butalsopresentedherwithanewcareer.Aftertakingupsingingtherapy,shefoundatalentinherself-cheer-leading.Andnowsheistakingcoursestobecomeacertifiedtherapist.

5．TheauthormentionsSouthKoreatoshow.

A．therearefewpeoplesufferingfromdepressioninSouthKorea

B．laughterhasapositiveinfluenceonKoreanwomen'shealth

C．peopleinSouthKoreaareusedtoexpressingtheirinnerfeelings

D．peopleinSouthKoreahaveattemptedtouselaughtertherapy

6．Whydoesthehospitalencouragepatientstolaugh?

A．Laughtercanhelpeasepatients'pain.

B．Laughingcanhelppatientsfightdepression.

C．LaughterisanaturalthingintheKoreansociety.

D．LaughingisnotallowedintheKoreantradition.

7．·Whatdoestheunderlinedword“healing”inparagraph3mean?

A．Curing.

B．Controlling.

C．Suffering.

D．Fighting.

【答案】5．D6．B7．A

【解析】这是一篇说明文。

主要讲了微笑的作用以及微笑疗法的运用，尤其是对抑郁症的积极作用。

5．细节理解题。

根据第二段“Laughing,forthosecancerpatientsandtheirfamilies,isaweeklyexerciseatSeoulNationalUniversityhospital.Itissomethingthatdoesnotcomeeasyforthem,butanhouroflaughtertherapyisallittakestofightdepressionthatoftenfollowschemicaltreatment.（对于那些癌症患者及其家人来说，笑是首尔国立大学医院每周的一次运动。

对他们来说，这是一件不容易的事情，但是一个小时的笑声治疗是战胜抑郁所需要的，而抑郁往往是化疗带来的。

）”可知韩国人们尝试使用微笑疗法，可知D符合题意，故选D。

6．推理判断题。

根据第二段“...anhouroflaughtertherapyisallittakestofightdepressionthatoftenfollowschemicaltreatment.（在化学治疗之后，常常有一个小时的微笑疗法来对抗抑郁）”以及“...whenyoulaugh,bloodvesselsexpand,andsugarlevelsdrop,producinganabundanceofhormoneslinkedwithhappinessandpleasure.（当你微笑时,血管扩张，血糖水平下降，进而产生大量和快乐相关的激素）”可推断微笑能帮助病人对抗抑郁，因此医院鼓励病人笑，故选B。

7．词义猜测题。

这句话“Forsome,theseclassescanbeastress-managementtool,butformanymorewhosufferfromdepression,learningtosingouttheirheartcanbeahealingprocess”意思是对于一些人，这些课程是管理压力的工具，但是对于那些承受抑郁的人，学习唱歌是一个“healing”过程。

healing是作“这个过程”的定语，再结合本段前两句“Iflaughingrequireseffort,morenaturaltoKoreans,itissinging.Thesing-songstartherapist,famousforhertherapysessionstofighthousewifedepression...（如果笑需要努力，对韩国人来说更自然，那就是唱歌。

唱歌明星治疗师，以治疗家庭主妇抑郁而闻名）”可知，唱歌疗法对于治疗抑郁有积极作用，因此推断学习唱歌是一个可以治愈抑郁的过程。

故选A。

Ateamofscientistssaysthatplayingsoundsunderwatercangetfishtoreturntoareaswithseverelydamagedcoralreefs（珊瑚礁）.

Inanexperiment,theyfoundfishreturnedafterhearingrecordingsofthesoundsofahealthyoceanreef.ThescientistsplacedunderwaterspeakersinareaswherecoralhadbeendyinginAustralia’snorthernGreatBarrierReef.Theyplayedthesoundsoveraperiodofaboutsixweeksin2017andstudiedtheresults.Theteamreportedthattwiceasmanyfisharrivedinareaswherethesoundsofhealthycoralwereplayed.Thesoundsalsoledtoa50percentincreaseinthenumberofspeciespresentinthearea,theresearchersfound.Amongthearrivingfishwerespeciesthatfeedonallmajorfoodsources.

Theresearchersnotedtheimportanceofhavingmanydifferentkindsoffishreturntothearea.Differentspeciesoffishperformmanyactivitiesthatsupporttheoceanenvironmentandsealife.“Damagedreefshaveahigherchanceofrecoveryiftheyhavehealthyfishpopulations,”thescientistswroteinthereport.

SteveSimpsonisaprofessorattheUniversityofExeterwhohelpedleadtheresearch.Hesaidinastatementthat“healthycoralreefsareremarkablynoisyplaces.”Theycontainthesoundsofmanykindsofshrimp,fishandotherseacreatures.Youngfishlistenforthesesoundswhentheyarelookingforaplacetosettle,Simpsonsaid.

Headdedthatreefs“becomeghostlyquiet”whentheysufferdestructionthatisusuallyrelatedtohuman-causedpollution.Coraldamagecancauseunappealingsmellsandsoundsthatdriveshrimpandfishaway.Buttheexperimentsuggestedthattheuseofunderwaterloudspeakerswasaneffectivewaytogetyoungfishtocomeback.

AndyRadford,aprofessoratUniversityofBristol,saidtheunderwatersoundsareapromisingwaytofightcoralreefdamageatthelocalcommunitylevel.Buthenotedthatotherthreatsneedtobe,reducedaswell.Theseincludeclimatechange,pollutionandoverfishing.

8．Whatdidthescientistsfindintheexperiment?

A．Twiceasmanyfisharrivedinthehealthycoralareas.

B．Thesoundsledt