云南省昆明市高考英语阅读练习8.docx

云南省昆明市高考英语阅读练习8.docx

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云南省昆明市高考英语阅读练习8

云南省昆明市2016高考英语阅读练习（8）

阅读理解。

Feelingblueabouttheworld?

“Cheerup，”sayssciencewriterMattRidley.“Theworldhasneverbeenabetterplacetolivein，anditwillkeepongettingbetterbothforhumansandfornature.”

Ridleycallshimselfarationaloptimist—rational，becausehe'scarefullyweighedtheevidenceoptimistic，becausethatevidenceshowshumanprogresstobebothunavoidableandgood.Andthisiswhathe'ssetouttoprovefromauniquepointofviewinhismostrecentbookTheRationalOptimist.Heviewsmankindasagrandenterprisethat，onthewhole，hasdonelittlebutprogressfor100,000years.Hebackshisfindingswithhardfactsgatheredthroughyearsofresearch.

Here'showheexplainshisviews.

1）Shoppingfuelsinvention

ItisreportedthattherearemorethantenbilliondifferentproductsforsaleinLondonalone.Evenallowingforthemanypeoplewhostillliveinpoverty，ourowngenerationhasaccesstomorenutritiousfood，moreconvenienttransport，biggerhouses，bettercars，andofcourse，morepoundsanddollarsthananywholivedbeforeus.Thiswillcontinueaslongasweusethesethingstomakeotherthings.Themorewespecializeandexchange，thebetteroffwe'llbe.

2）Brilliantadvances

Onereasonwearericher，healthier，taller，cleverer，longerlivedandfreerthaneverbeforeisthatthefourmostbasichumanneeds—food，clothing，fuelandshelter—havegrownalotcheaper.Takeoneexample.In1800acandleprovidingonehour'slightcostsixhours'work.Inthe1880sthesamelightfromanoillamptook15minutes'worktopayfor.In1950itwaseightseconds.Todayit'shalfsecond.

3）Let'snotkillourselvesforclimatechange

Mitigating（减轻）climatechangecouldprovejustasdamag

ingtohumanwelfareasclimatechangeitself.Achildthatdiesfromindoorsmokeinavillage，wheretheuseoffassilfuel（化石燃料）electricityisforbiddenbywellmeaningmembersofgreenpoliticalmovementstryingtosavetheworld，isjustasgreatatragedyasachildthatdiesinafloodcausedbyclimatechange.Ifclimaicchangeprovestobemild，butcuttingcarboncausesrealpain，wemaywellfindthatwehavestoppedanosebleedbyputtingatourniquet（止血带）aroundournecks.

人类的进步是无法阻挡的，是令人乐观。

在《理性的乐观主义者》一书中，作者阐述了自己对于生活中的乐观现象，并且对于购物这样普通的日常行为所带来的积极影响都做了详尽的分析和描述。

1．WhatisthethemeofRidley'smostrecentbook?

A．Weaknessofhumannature.B．Concernaboutclimatechange.

C．Importanceofpracticalthinking.D．Optimismabouthumanprogress.

答案：

D。

理解判断题。

从第二段的前两句话中，反复提到一个关键词“optimistic”以及信息句“becausethatevidenceshows...”；另外，“thisiswhathe'ssetouttoprove...”一句也正好清楚的表明了作者在本书中所以阐述的正是这个话题，正是与选项D的说法是一致的，即：

人类的进步总是不可避免的。

2．HowdoesRidleylookatshopping?

A．Itencouragesthecreationofthings.B．Itresultsinshortageofgoods.

C．Itdemandsmorefossilfuels.D．Itcausesapovertyproblem.

答案：

A。

细节判断题。

从“Shoppingfuelsinvention”一段正是反映了Ridley的观点：

购物能够激发创造发明。

选项A与之相吻合。

3．Thecandleandlampexampleisusedtoshowthat________.

A．oillampsgiveoffmorelightthancandles

B．shorteningworkingtimebringsaboutahappierlife

C．advancedtechnologyhelpstoproducebettercandles

D．increasedproductionrateleadstolowercostofgoods

答案：

D。

细节判断题。

根据Brilliantadvances一段中的“Takeoneexample”一句很明显的确定为：

作者拿蜡烛与灯的比较与变化正是为了前面他所提到的看法，故与选项D的说法是一致的。

4．Whatdoesthelastsentenceofthepassageimply?

A．Cuttingcarbonisnecessaryinspiteofthehugecost.

B．Overreactiontoclimatechangemayb

edangerous.

C．People'shealthiscloselyrelatedtoclimatechange.

D．Carelessmedicaltreatmentmaycausegreatpain.

答案：

B。

推理判断题。

根据最后一句话中的“cuttingcarboncausesrealpain”可以排除选项A与C的说法，因为它们大相径庭；而根据“putt

ing...aroundournecks”一句可以表明选项D中“careless”一词运用不当，是不符合语境的。

故只有选项B是最正确的。

阅读理解

Boilerroomsareoftendirtyandsteamy,butthisoneiscleanandcool.FoxPointisaverynew47-unitlivingbuildinginSouthBronx,oneofthecity’spoorestareas.Two-thirdsofthepeoplelivingthereareformerly（以前）homelesspeople,whoserentispaidbythegovernment.Therestarelow-incomefamilies.Theboilerroomhasspecialequipment,whichproducesenergyforelectricityandheat.Itreusesheatthatwouldotherwisebelosttotheair,reducingcarbonemissions（碳排放）whilealsocuttingcosts.

FoxPointisoperatedbyPalladian,agroupthatspecializesinprovidinghousingandservicestoneedy,people.PalladianreceivedsupportfromEnterpriseCommunityPartners（ECP）,whichhelpsbuildaffordablehousingbyprovidingsupporttohousingdevelopers.w_w*w.k_s*5_u.c_om

ECPhascreatednationalstandardsforhealthy,environmentally（环境方面）cleverandaffordablehomeswhicharecalled,theGreenCommunitiesStandards.Thesestandardsincludewaterkeeping,energysavingandtheuseofenvironmentallyfriendlybuildingmaterials.Meetingthestandardsincreaseshousingconstructioncostsby2%,whichisrapidlypaidbackbylowerrunningcosts.Eventhepositioningofawindowtogetmostdaylightcanhelpsaveenergy.

Michael.Bloomberg,NewYork'smayor,planstocreate165,000affordablehousingunitsfor500,000NewYorkers.Almost80%ofNewYorkCity’sgreenhouse-gasemissionscomefrombuildings,and40%ofthosearecaused,byhousing.Soherecentlyannouncedthatthecity’sDepartmentofHousingandPreservationandDevelopment（DHPD）,whosedutyistodevelopandkeepthecity’ssupplyofaffordablehousing,willrequireallitsnewprojectstofollowECP’sgreenstandards.w_w*w.k_s*5_u.c_om

SimilarmeasureshavebeentakenbyothercitiessuchasClevelandandDenver,butNewYork’sDHPDisthelargestcitydeveloperofaffordablehousinginthecountry.

（）1.Whatisthepurposeofdescribingtheboilerroominthefirstparagraph?

w_ww.k#s5_u.co*m

A.Toexplainthemeasuresthecitytakestocareforpoorpeople.

B.Tosuggestthataffordablehousingispossibleinallareas.

C.Toshowhowtheenvironment-friendlybuildingworks.

D.Tocompareoldandnewboilerrooms.

（）2.WhatisanadvantageofthebuildingsmeetingtheGreenCommunitiesStandards?

A.Lowerrunningcosts.w_w*w.k_s*5_u.c_om

B.Costinglessinconstruction.

C.Lessairtobelostinhotdays.

D.Betterpricesforhomelesspeople.

（）3.Itcanbelearnedfromthetextthat,

A.NewYorkCityisseriouslypollutedw_w*w.k_s*5_u.c_om

B.people’sdailylifecausesmanycarbonemissionsinNewYorkCity

C.agreatnumberofpeopleinNewYorkCitydon'thavehousestolivein

D.someothercitieshavedevelopedmoreaffordablehousingthanNewYorkCity

（）4.Whatisthemainpurposeofthistext?

w_ww.k#s5_u.co*m

A.Tocallonpeopletopaymoreattentiontohousingproblems.

B.Toprovethatsomestandardsareneededforaffordablehousing.

C.Toasksocietytohelphomelesspeopleandlow-incomefamilies.

D.Tointroducehealthy,environmentallyclever-andaffordablehousing.

语篇解读：

本篇文章为科技说明文。

作者以FoxPoint居住群的boilerrooms为切入点，阐述此类房子的环保节能的优点，以及各城市特别是纽约队建造此类建筑的积极响应。

1.答案：

C

考点：

作者的写作意图

解析：

从第一段最后两句，作者描述开水房仅是从一个侧面展示整个建筑群的节能，环保，可以得出答案。

2.答案：

A

考点：

细节理解

解析：

依据文章第三段倒数第二句：

Meetingthestandardsincreaseshousingconstructioncostsby2%,whichisrapidlypaidbackbylowerrunningcosts.可得到答案。

句意为“达到这一标准会将建筑成本提高2%，但很快会被它的低成本运行成本补回”

3.答案：

B

考点：

细节理解

解析：

依据文章第四段第二句：

Almost80%ofNewYorkCity’sgreenhouse-gasemissionscomefrombuildings,and40%ofthosearecaused,byhousing..可得出答案

4.答案：

D

考点：

作者的写作目的

解析：

本文主要让读者了解这类健康、环保、经济类住房。

阅读理解

阅读下面短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳答案。

Manypeoplethinkatelephoneisessential.ButIthinkitisapestandatimewaster.Veryoftenyoufinditimpossibletoescapefromsomeidleorcuriouschatter-box,orfromsomebodywhowantssomethingfornothing.Ifyouhaveatelephoneinyourownhouse,youwilladmitthatittendstoringwhenyouareasleep,orinthemiddleofamealoraconversation,orwhenyouarejustgoingout,orwhenyouaretakingyourbath.Areyoustrongmindedenoughtoignoreit,tosaytoyourself,“Ah,well,itwillallbethesameinahundredyears’time”Youarenot.Youthinktheremaybesomeimportantnewsormessagesforyou.Icanassureyouthatifamessageisreallyimportantitwillreachyousoonerorlater.Haveyouneverrusheddrippingfromthebath,orchewingfromthetable,ordazedfromthebed,onlytobetoldthatyouareawrongnumber?

Butyouwillsay,youneednothaveyournameprintedinthetelephonedirectory,andyoucanhaveatelephonewhichisonlyusableforoutgoingcalls.Besides,youwillsay,isn’titimportanttohaveatelephoneincaseofemergency—illness,anaccident,orfire?

Ofcourse,youareright,buthereinathicklypopulatedcountrylikeEnglandoneisseldomfarfromatelephoneincaseofdreadfulnecessity.

IthinkperhapsIhadbettertrytojustifymyselfbytryingtoprovethatwhatIlikeisgood.Iadmitthatindifferentcircumstances—ifIwereatycoon（businessVIP）,forinstance,orbedriddenImightfindatelephoneessential.ButthenifIwereataxi-driverIshouldfindacaressential.

Letmeputitanotherway:

therearetwothingsforwhichtheEnglishseemtoshowparticulartalent;oneismechanicalinvention,theotherisliterature.MyownbusinesshappenstobewiththeuseofwordsbutIseeImustnowstopusingthem.ForIhavejustbeenhandedaslipofpapertosaythatsomebodyiswaitingtospeaktomeonthetelephone.IthinkIhadbetteranswerit.Afterall,oneneverknows,itmaybesomethingimportant.

36.Thepassageismainlydiscussing_______.

A.thatweshouldbestrongenoughtoignoreaphonecall

B.thatimportantmessagewillreachyousoonerorlater

C.whetherit’snecessarytoanswerallphonecalls

D.whetheritisnecessarytohaveatelephone

提示:

通读全文，尤其是文章的第一段和最后一段可以得出此结论。

答案:

D

37.Judgingfromthepassage,whoisstrong-mindedenoughtoignoreaphonecall?

A.Theauth