黑龙江省哈尔滨市高考英语 阅读理解动词短语精讲讲练3.docx

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黑龙江省哈尔滨市高考英语 阅读理解动词短语精讲讲练3.docx

黑龙江省哈尔滨市高考英语阅读理解动词短语精讲讲练3

哈尔滨市2014高考英语阅读理解、动词短语精讲讲练(3)及答案

Ascomputergamesgettolookmorelifelike,itseemsthattheirviolenceisspillingoverintoreallife.Itisreportedthatsomedozensofchildrenhavebeenmurderedsince1997,whichhasbeenlinkedtoallobsession(着迷)withviolentvideogames.Recentlytheparentsofa14-year-oldmurdervictimintheUKblamedthekiller'sobsessionwiththegameManhunt,causingagovernmentreviewoflegislation(立法)toprotectchildren.

Psychologiststhinktheremaybemanyreasonswhyviolentgamesaremoreharmfultochildrenthanviolentmovies.Firstly,playersareactivelyinvolvedinviolence,andmaybegintoseeusingweaponsassecondnature.Secondly,violentgamesproviderepetitiveaggressive(侵犯的)experiencesthatarerewardedbymorekilling.

Manystudieshaveshownthatpeoplewhoplayviolentgamesregularlyaremorelikelytoshowhighlevelsofaggression.Forinstance,in2000,scientistsinIowaStateUniversityfoundthatpeoplewhoplayedviolentgamesweremorelikelytoadmitinvolvementinaggressivebehaviors,includingassaults(侵犯人体罪)orrobberies.

Astudyof13to14-year-oldchildrenshowedthatmorethanhalfhadplayedgamesrecommendedonlyforover18s.Themoreviolentthegamestheyplayed,themoretheyconsideredphysicalaggressiontobeacceptable.Besides,childrenwhoplayviolentgamesaremoreprone(有做……倾向的)toarguingwithteachersandfighting.

Experimentalstudieshavealsohintedatapossiblelink.Inone,scientistsaskedagroupofstudentstoplayaviolentgame,whileanothergroupplayedthenonviolent.Thosewhoplayedtheviolentgameswerefastertoreacttoaggressivewordssubsequently(随后)flashedonscreen.

49.Wemayinferfromthefirstparagraphthat    .

A.computergameshavelittletodowithviolenceinreallife

B.Manhunthasresultedinthedeathofoneofitsplays

C.lifelikecomputergamesareforbiddenintheUK

D.legislationtoprotectchildrenintheUKstillneedsimproving

50.Violentgamesaremoreharmfultochildrenthanviolentmoviesbecause    .

A.violentmoviesarenotsoattractivetochildren

B.theviewerscan'ttakepartinviolentmovies

C.violentmoviesarenotpopularwithchildren

D.childrencanwinawardsinviolentgames

51.Whatwillbeprobablydiscussedintheparagraphfollowingthepassage?

A.Furtherresearchontheharmofviolentgames.

B.Furtherdifferencesbetweenviolentgameandnonviolentgames.

C.Waystoprotectchildrenfromviolentgames.

D.Theresultofmoreexperimentalstudies.

52.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.GamesandMurder

B.ShouldComputerGamesbecomelifelike?

C.Legislation,effectiveornot?

D.ViolentGamesandNonviolentGames

***************************************************结束

动词和动词词组

热点2常见动词近义词辨析

常见动词近义词很多,有必要掌握以下常见词类:

1.关于win,defeat,beat和gain

(1)win作“赢”讲时,其宾语常是:

war,battle,game,match,argument,avictory,theprize,100yuan,arace,honorfor,thepraise,thefirstplace…等,而不能是表示人的名词。

(2)beat及物动词,后面的宾语是“对手”,表示结果。

如:

beatsb.in…在比赛、战斗、争论中击败某人。

beathimattabletennis在乒乓球赛中击败他

(3)defeatsb.在战斗、战争、比赛中击败对手。

强调暂时行为。

如:

defeattheenemyinthewar在战争中击败敌人

(4)gain及物动词,表示“获得、赢得所需之物/利益或好处”。

如:

gainexperience/wealth/areputation/thetime/themarks/therank/theprize/one’srespect/success/knowledge/one’sliving/happiness/asalary/anhonor…。

[典例1]Ourbasketballteam____theirsbyascoreof100:

98.

A.wonB.defeatC.beatD.gained

解析C近义词辨析题。

根据win不和theirs(theirteams)搭配;defeat与sb.连接;gain常有“获得……”,也不与theirs搭配。

只有beat与“(击败的)对手”搭配,强调结果,故选C。

2.关于fit,suit和match

(1)fit作及物动词,表示“适合、配上、合身”。

如:

Thiscoatfitshernicely.这件外套非常合适。

Thekeydoesn’tfitthelock,这把钥匙不合这把锁。

(2)作形容词,表示“适合、健康”》常构成befitfor。

如:

Heisfitforthejob,他适合这份工作。

Thewaterisfittodrink.这水适合喝。

(3)作不及物动词,表示“吻合、合身”。

如:

Doesthecoatfit?

这件大衣合身吗?

(4)suit作适合,常强调颜色、款式等适合某人,而fit则强调大小合身。

如:

Thatcolordoesn’tsuityourcomplexion(肤色)。

这颜色不适合你的肤色。

(5)match表示“在(品质、颜色、设计等方面)与……相配”。

如:

Carpetsshouldmatchthecurtains.地毯必须与窗帘区配。

[典例2]Theredtieyouboughtdoesn’t______mycoat.

A.fitB.fitforC.suitD.match

解析D近义词辨析题目。

fit作及物动词,表示大小合身;作不及物动词,强调“吻合”;作形容词,则须用befitfor;suit强调“款式合适”,只有match强调“与……匹配”。

故选D。

3.关于cost,spend,take和pay

(1)从意义上讲,都可表示“花钱”。

如:

“我花10元钱买衬衣”。

这一句话可有四种翻译:

Theshirtcostmetenyuan.

Ispenttenyuanontheshirt.

Ittookmetenyuantobuytheshirt.

Ipaidtenyuanfortheshirt.

(2)结构搭配上的不同

①spend的主语只能是人。

常用结构:

sb.+spend(s)+time/moneyonsth./indoingsth.

②cost的主语只能是指事或物的名词、代词或名词性短语。

常用结构:

sth.+cost(s)+sb.+time/money

③take的主语多为指物的名词。

常用结构:

It+takes+time/money+todosth.

④pay的主语是人,为买某物而付钱。

常用结构:

sb.+pay(s)+money+forsth.

[典例3]I_____thecoatinthesupermarketfor260yuan.

A.costB.paidC.pentD.bought

解析D近义词辨析题。

用cost,则主谓搭配不当;用pay,则260yuan作宾语;用spend,则与for260yuan搭配不当;应选用buy,其用法和搭配均与句意吻合。

4.关于hurt,wound,injure和harm

(1)hurt:

表示“肉体或情感上的痛苦,强调疼痛感”。

如:

Manypeoplewerehurtwhenabusandatruckcollided.

一辆公共汽车和一辆卡车相撞,许多人受了伤。

(2)wound:

表示“由于剑、刀、枪等锐器造成身体上较严重的外伤,特别是在战争中受伤”。

如:

Thesoldierwaswoundedinthearm.这个士兵的胳膊受伤了。

(3)injure:

表示“指意外事故或偶发事件造成的伤害”。

如:

Thereweretwopeopleinjuredinthecaraccident.

有两个人在车祸中受了伤。

(4)harm:

表示“引起疼痛、痛苦或损失,其对象可以是自己,也可以是其他人或物”。

如:

Ourdogwon’tharmyou.我们的狗不会伤害你的。

Gettingupearlywon’tharmyou!

早起对你没有坏处。

[典例4]Therewasanunexpectedexplosioninourstreet,butourbuildingwasn’t_____atall.

A.hurtB.woundedC.harmedD.injured

解析C近义词辨析题目。

hurt强调“精神或肉体上的疼痛”;wound强调“刀、枪伤”;harm强调“危害、损失”;injure强调“意外伤害”。

名意为:

我们住的街道发生了一次意外的爆炸事故,但我们的大楼却丝毫没有受损。

故用harmed合句意。

重点1两种常错常考的可作谓语的动词

1.几组拼写形式不同而容易混淆的动词

hanghangedhanged(绞死)laylaidlaid(放置)

hanghunghung(悬挂)lieliedlied(说慌)

lielaylain(平卧)

findfoundfound(发现)fallfellfallen(跌倒)

foundfoundedfounded(建立)fellfelledfelled(砍伐、击倒)

failfailedfailed(失败)

[典例1]Thecarpetwherehe_____waswarmandcomfortable,sohesleptsoundly.

A.waslayingB.waslyingC.hadlaidD.了hadlied

解析B易混淆词辨析题。

动词lay表示“搁置、放”时,现在分词为laying,过去分词为laid;而lie作“躺”讲时,现在分词为lying,过去分词为lain,如其过去分词为lied,则含义为“撒谎”。

此处为“躺的地方”,故用waslying。

2.实为及物动词却常被误为不及物动词

enter(误为enterinto)marry(误为marrywith)

reach(误为reachto)mention(误为mentionabout)

serve(误为servefor)address(误为addressto)

approach(误为approachwith)salute(误为saluteto)

fit(误为fitfor)benefit(误为benefitto)

[典例2]She____Johntogetawayfromherstep-mother.

A.marriedB.marriedwithC.marriedtoD.wasmarried

解析A此句中的marry表示“嫁给”,为及物动词,可直接带宾语。

 

A

About1966orso,aNASA(美国宇航局)teamdoingworkfortheApollomoonmission(阿波罗登月计划)tooktheastronautsnearTubaCity.TherethelandoftheNavajoReservationlooksverymuchlikethelunarsurface.Amongallthetrucksandlargevehiclesweretwolargefiguresthatweredressedinfulllunarspacesuits.

Nearby,aNavajoshepherd(牧羊人)andhissonwerewatchingthestrangecreatureswalkabout,occasionallybeingwatchedoverbyotherNASAworkers.ThetwoNavajopeoplewerenoticedandapproachedbytheNASApeople.SincetheshepherdandhissondidnotknowEnglish,theyaskedtheNASApeoplewhothestrangecreatureswere.TheNASApeopletoldthemthattheywerejustmenthatweregettingreadytogotothemoon.Theshepherdbecameveryexcitedandaskedifhecouldsendamessagetothemoonwiththeastronauts.

TheNASAofficialsthoughtthiswasagreatideasotheyprovidedataperecorder.Afterthemangavethemhismessage,theyaskedhissontotranslate.Hissonwouldnot.

Later,theytriedafewmorepeopleontheNavajoReservationtotranslateandeverypersontheyaskedwouldchuckle(偷偷地笑)andthenrefusetotranslate.Finally,withcashinhandsomeonetranslatedthemessage,“Watchoutfortheseguys,theyhavecometotakeyourland!

56.TheappearanceoftheNavajoReservationisverysimilartothatof________.

A.theTubaCity

B.themoon

C.theNASAresearchcenter

D.theApollomoonmission

57.WhentheolderNavajoheardthatthemeninfrontofhimweregoingtothemoon,he________.

A.feltfrightenedandranawayquickly

B.chattedexcitedlywiththeNASAworkers

C.gotonthemoderntrucksandlargevehiclesforfun

D.triedtosaysomethingtothemooncreatures

58.Thesondidnottranslatethewordshisfathersaidbecause________.

A.hehadtroubleinunderstandinghisfather

B.thewordshisfatherusedweretoodifficulttobetranslated

C.hisfatherwassendingawarningagainsttheNASApeople

D.hebelievedthattheNASAworkerscouldunderstandtheirlanguage

59.Accordingtothispassage,wecanknowthattheshepherdwas________.

A.patientandbrave

B.foolishandimpolite

C.humorousandintelligent

D.knowledgeableandtalkative

参考答案56—59BDCC

******************************************************结束

Norway-TenChinesecollegestudentsarrivedatthecountry’sArcticresearchbase,theYellowRiverStation,onFriday.

OnSaturday,thestudentsareexpectedtowitnesstheendoffourmonthsofdarknessinthearea,asthesunmakesarareappearance.

Duringtheirfour-daystayatthestation,thestudentswillmeetandlearnfromsomeofChina’sleadingpolarresearchers.Theywerewelcomedatthestationyesterdaybyitsdirector,HeJianfeng,whoisanexpertonmarinemicro-ecosystems(海洋微生态系统).

ThestudentswillalsovisittheGermanandNorwegianstationsandmeetresearchersthere.

Asforentertainment,thevisitorswillgetthechancetoplayicehockeyattheworld’smostnortherlystadium.

AmongthevisitorsisZhengLi,astudentmajoringintelecommunicationsatDalianMarinetimeUniversity.

“ItissoexcitingtoseehowtheChineseresearchersworkintheworld’smostnortherlylaboratory,”shesaid.

“Thisopportunityisprecious.Mostpeoplewillnevergetthechancetotravelsofarfromhomeandvisitsuchanamazingplace.It’saonce-in-a-lifetimet

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