afterclass reading.docx

afterclass reading.docx

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afterclassreading

After-ClassReading

PassageIALongMarchtoCreativity（I）

appointv.:

（formal）toarrangeordecideatimeorplaceforsomethingtohappen确定或决定某事物

●Adateforthemeetingisstilltobeappointed.

●Everyonewasassembledattheappointedtime.（atthetimethathadbeenarranged）

manualadj.:

of,doneorcontrolledbyhands手的；手工的；手制的；手控的

●Nogreatmanualdexterity（=skillinusingyourhands手巧）isrequiredtoperformthetechnique.

●Peopleinmanualoccupationshavealowerlifeexpectancy.

●Itwouldtaketoolongtodoamanualsearchofallthedata.

●Mycamerahasmanualandautomaticfunctions.

intervenev.:

1.tobecomeinvolvedinanargument,fight,orotherdifficultsituationinordertochangewhathappens干涉/预，调解

●Theywereplanningtogetmarriedandthenthewarintervened.

●Iwillcomeifnothingintervenes.

●Thepolicedon’tusuallyliketointerveneindisputesbetweenhusbandsandwives.

2.ifaneventintervenes,itdelaysorinterruptssomethingelse（指事情、情形）发生（以阻碍某事）

●Thearmywillhavetointervenetopreventfurtherfighting.

agendan.:

1.purposeorplan意图，计划

●Manyofthecoalitionmemberscouldhavetheirownpoliticalagendas.

e.g.hiddenagenda:

（disapproving）thesecretintentionbehindwhatsomebodysaysordoes背后意图

●Voterssuspectedahiddenpoliticalagenda.

●Werethereahiddenagendabehindthisdecision?

2.alistofitemstobediscussedatameeting议程表

●Thenextitemontheagendaisthepublicitybudget.

●Inourcompany,qualityishighontheagenda.

●Forthegovernment,educationisnowatthetopoftheagenda（=mostimportant）.

fairgame[U]:

ifsomeoneorsomethingisfairgame,itisacceptable,reasonable,orrighttocriticizethem该／易受批评的人或事

●Theyoungstar’sbehaviormadeherfairgameforthetabloidpress（小报新闻界）.

●Theyoungerteacherswereconsideredfairgamebymostofthekids.

rearv.:

tolookafterapersonoranimaluntiltheyarefullygrown养育；饲养

●Sherearedafamilyoffiveonherown.

●Thebirdshavebeensuccessfullyrearedincaptivity.

casualadj.:

1.[onlybeforenoun]happeningbychance,doingsomethingbychance偶然的；碰巧的

●acasualencounter/meeting

●Theexhibitionisinterestingtoboththeenthusiastandthecasualvisitor.

●Thediseaseisnotspreadbycasualcontact.

●Jeanfeltmorecomfortableincasualclothes（=comfortableclothesthatyouchoosetowearinyourfreetime）.

●familypartiesandothercasualoccasions

2.notformalornotforaformalsituation（衣服）便服的，非正式的

3.[usuallybeforenoun]notshowingmuchcareorthought;seemingnottobeworried;notwantingtoshowthatsomethingisimportanttoyou不经意的；不负责任的

●Hetriedtosoundcasual,butIknewhewasworried.

●Theyhaveacasualattitudetowardssafety.（=theydon’tcareenough）

●Studentssometimesdocasualworkinthebuildingortouristtrades.

●Theyareemployedonacasualbasis.（=theydonothaveapermanentjobwiththecompany）

4.[usuallybeforenoun]notpermanent;notdone,ordoingsomethingregularly非永久的；不定期的

onoccasion:

sometimesbutnotoften有时，间或

●Onoccasionprisonerswereallowedvisitsfromtheirfamilies.

●Hehasbeenknownonoccasiontolosehistemper.

notintheleast/nottheleast/nottheleastbit:

noneatall,ornotatall一点也不，决不

●Itriedtoconvincehim,buttheyweren’ttheleastinterested.

●Hisvoicewasalert,nottheleastbitsleepy.

●I’mnotintheleastafraidofyouanymore.

finditswayintosomewhere:

ifsomethingfindsitswaysomewhere,itarrivesorgetsthereaftersometime发现（到某处的）途径

●Onlyoneofherinventionshasfounditswayintotheshops.

●Heeventuallyfoundhiswayintoacting.

DIFFICULTSENTENCES:

1.Thekeytoourroomwasattachedtoalargeplasticblockwiththeroomnumberprintedonit.

Translation:

我们房间的钥匙系在一块大塑料牌上，牌上印有房间号。

●Hewassittinginachairwithhishandsfolded.

●Thedaywasbright,withafreshbreezeblowing.

●Theyarehighlymechanizedfarms,withthemachinerytodoallthework.

●Attacharecentphotographtoyourapplicationform.

●Pleasefillinandreturntheattachedreplyslip.

2.Becauseofhisyoungage,lackofmanualdexterity,andincompleteunderstandingoftheneedtoorientthekey“justso”,hewouldusuallyfail.可是因为他太小，手不灵活，又不完全理解钥匙要放在“正好”的位置才能插进钥匙孔里，所以，他往往放不进去。

Here“justso”means“inexactlytherightway”.Thephrase“justso”alsomeans“witheverythingarrangedneatlyandtidily（有条理的；井然）”.

●Helikedpolishingthefurnitureandmakingeverythingjustso.

●Shecannotbearanuntidydesk.Everythingmustbejustso.

3.Helovedtobangthekeyontheslotandprobablygotasmuchpleasureoutofthesoundsitmade,andthephysicalfeelingsitgavehim,ashedidthosefewtimeswhenthekeyactuallyfounditswayintotheslot.他喜欢用钥匙砰砰敲打窄孔，也许他从钥匙的撞击声及敲敲打打给他带来的肢体感受中得到的乐趣，不亚于偶尔有几次把钥匙真地插入窄孔时所给予他的乐趣。

●BenjaminWestwasan18thcenturyAmericanartistwhoinfluencedBritishpaintersjustasmuchashedidotherAmericanartists.

●Hewasasmuchastrangerinthevillagetodayashewasthefirstsummerhearrived.

4.ShewouldthensmilesomewhatexpectantlyatElleorme,asifawaitingathankyou—andonoccasion,wouldfrownslightly,asiftocriticizeusasparents.然后她会有所期待地对埃伦或者我微笑，好像在等着我们感谢她——或者有时也会微微地皱起眉头，好像是在批评我们做父母的没有尽到责任。

5.Butitalsobecamecleartousthatweweredealingwithtotallydifferentattitudesaboutthepreferredbehaviorforchildrenandtheproperroleofadultsintheirsocialization.然而，同样明显的是，在希望孩子怎样行事，在孩子融入社会生活时大人应起的作用方面，我们遇到了两种截然不同的态度。

●Itwasclearthattheyhadnodesireforpeace.

●Itisverylikelythattheirgroupwillgetaheadofus.

PassageIIALongMarchtoCreativity（II）

relevantadj.:

directlyrelatingtothesubjectorproblembeingdiscussed

●Atnightthecanalsarebeautifullyilluminated.

●Asinglecandleilluminatedhisface.

illuminatev.

1.（formal）tomakesomethingmuchclearerandeasiertounderstand阐明，解释（Synonym:

clarify）

●Thistextilluminatesthephilosopher’searlythinking.

●Thereportilluminatedthedifficultissuesattheheartofsciencepolicy.

2.tomakealightshineonsomethingortofillaplacewithlight照明，照亮

●Theultimatedecisionlieswiththeparents.

●Wewillacceptultimateresponsibilityforwhateverhappens.

ultimateadj.:

[onlybeforenoun]happeningattheendofalongprocess　最终的（Synonym:

final）

●Theyareseekingtorealizethemaximumfinancialgain.

●Suchresearchshouldnotbeforpersonalgain.

desirableadj.somethingthatisdesirableisworthhavingordoing值得有的；想望的；称心的；合意的

●Itisdesirablethatinterestrates（should）bereduced.

●Itisdesirabletokeepthecostaslowaspossible.

●Thehousehasmanydesirablefeatures.

proceedv.:

●Heoutlinedhisplansandthenproceededtoexplaintheminmoredetail.

●Havingsaidshewasn’thungry,shethenproceededtoorderathree-coursemeat.

proceedtodosth.:

todosomethingnext,afterhavingdonesomethingelsefirst继续做下一件事情

criticaladj.:

1.extremelyimportantbecauseafuturesituationwillbeaffectedbyit关键的；决定性的（Synonym:

crucial）

●Reducinglevelsofcarbondioxideintheatmosphereisofcriticalimportance.

●Yourdecisioniscriticaltoourfuture.

●Thefirst24hoursaftertheoperationarethemostcritical.

●Oneofthevictimsofthefireremainsinacriticalcondition.

2.serious,uncertainandpossiblydangerous危机时刻的；危机中的

inretrospect:

thinkingbacktoatimeinthepast,especiallywiththeadvantageofknowingmorenowthanyoudidthen回顾；追溯

●Inretrospect,Iwonderifweshouldhavedonemore.

●Inretrospect,IthinkthatIwaswrong.

●Thedecisionseemsextremelyodd,inretrospect.

tothepoint:

dealingonlywiththeimportantsubjectoridea,andnotincludinganyunnecessarydiscussions切题

●Themessagewasshortandtothepoint.

●Hercommentswerebriefandtothepoint.

datebacktosth.:

●Thiscollegedatesbacktomedievaltimes.

●ThecustomdatesbacktotheVictorianera.

●Thechurchdatesfromthe13thcentury.

datefromsth.:

haveexistedsinceaparticulartimeinthepast可追溯到

feedback:

togiveadviceorcriticismtosomeoneaboutsomethingtheyhavedone反馈，反应

●We’rejustwaitingforthemanagertofeedbackonit.

●Iamgratefultoallthosewhofedbacktheircomments.

●Theyfeedbacktothegovernmentthereactionsofthepeopleaffected.

cultivationn.[U]:

1.thedeliberatedevelopmentofaparticularrelationship,qualityorskill培养，陶冶

2.thepreparationanduseoflandforgrowingplantsorcrops耕作

●Thosefieldshavebeenundercultivation（=usedforgrowingcrops）foryears.

●Theyattachimportancetothecultivationofagoodrelationshipwithlocalfirms.

DIFFICULTSENTENCES

1.Hewillbehappy（thosearoundwillbehappier）,hewilllearnhowtoaccomplishthetasksooner,andthenhecanproceedtomorecomplexactivities,likeopeningthedoororaskingforthekey.

他会很高兴（他身边的人会更高兴），他会更快地学会如何完成这项任务，然后他可以去完成更复杂的动作，例如开门或要钥匙。

2.Hewashavingagoodtimeandexploring,twoactivitiesthatdidmattertous.他玩得很痛快并且在探索，这是两件在我们看来重要的事。

●Thedefendant,awomanofthirty,denieskickingthepoliceman.

●Paris,thecapitalofFrance,isafamoustouristattraction.

3.Solongasthechildisshownexactlyhowtodosomething—whetheritbeplacingakeyinakeyslot,drawingarooster,orapologizingforamisdeed—heislesslikelytofigureouthimselfhowtoaccomplishsuchatask.不管是把钥匙放进钥匙孔，还是画一只公鸡，或者是为做错事而道歉，只要是有人手把手地教孩子如何做某件事，他就不太可能去自己弄清楚该如何完成这一任务。

●Aslongaswekeepplayingwell,we’llkeepwinninggames.

●Aslongashehasbeeninchargethatdivisionhasdonewell.

●Ticketsarelikelytobeexpensive.

●It’sverylikelythatshe’llringmetonight.

4.And,moregenerally,heislesslikelytoviewlife—asmanyAme