配套K12学习高考英语一轮基础练 Unit 22 Environmental Pro.docx

配套K12学习高考英语一轮基础练 Unit 22 Environmental Pro.docx

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配套K12学习高考英语一轮基础练Unit22EnvironmentalPro

Unit22EnvironmentalProtection

李仕才

阅读理解

A

Persuasionistoconvincesomeonetoagreewithyou,justlikeartwhichalsocallsforspecialtechniquestoaccomplish.AccordingtotheancientGreeks,therearethreebasictoolsofpersuasion:

ethos,pathosandlogos.

Ethosisaspeaker’swayofconvincingtheaudiencethatheistrustworthy,honestandreliable.Onecommonwayaspeakercandevelopethosisbyexplaininghowmuchexperienceoreducationhehasinthefield.Afterall,you’remorelikelytolistentoadviceabouthowtotakecareofyourteethfromadentistthanafireman.

Pathosisaspeaker’swayofconnectingwithanaudience'semotions.Forexample,apoliticianwhoistryingtoconvinceanaudiencetovoteforhimmightsaythathealonecansavethecountryfromaterriblewar.Thesewordsareintendedtofilltheaudiencewithfear,thusmakingthemwanttovoteforhim.Similarly,ananimalcharitymightshowanaudiencepicturesofinjureddogsandcatstomaketheviewersfeelpity,sotheywillbemorelikelytodonatemoney.

Logosistheuseoffacts,statisticsorotherevidencetosupportyourargument.Anaudiencewillbelieveyouifyouhaveconvincingdatatobackupyourclaims.Presentingthisevidenceismuchmorepersuasivethansimplysaying“believeme”.

Althoughethos,pathosandlogosallhavetheirstrengths,theyareoftenmosteffectivewhenusedtogether.So,thenexttimeyoulistentoaspeech,watchacommercialorlistentoafriendtrytoconvinceyoutolendhimsomemoney,beonthelookoutfortheseancientGreektoolsofpersuasion.

1.Whatisthepurposeofpersuasion?

A.Toadvisesomebodytosupportyou.

B.Tohelpsomeonehavespecialskill

C.Toconvincesomebodytorealizehisaim.

D.Totalksomeoneintobeinghonest.

2.Whatisaspeaker’swayofconvincingtheaudiencetotrusthim?

A.Pathos.B.Ethos.

C.Logos.D.Education.

3.Whatdoapoliticianandananimalcharityhaveincommon?

A.Bothpreventthemselvesfrombeinghurt.

B.Bothsavepeoplefromterriblewars.

C.Bothmaketheaudiencesupportthem.

D.Bothpersuadepeopletodonatemoney.

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.ConvincetheAudienceB.ThreeBasicToolsofPersuasion

C.BelieveMeD.StrengthofPersuasion

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了源自于古希腊且一直沿用至今的说服他人的艺术，其中包括ethos、pathos、logos三种方式以及用这三种方式说服他人在各个领域应用的可能性。

1.A【解析】细节理解题。

根据第一段第一句话“Persuasionistoconvincesomeonetoagreewithyou,justlikeartwhichalsocallsforspecialtechniquestoaccomplish.”可知，说服是为了建议人们支持你。

故选A。

3.C【解析】细节理解题。

根据第三段第二句“Forexample,apoliticianwhoistryingtoconvinceanaudiencetovoteforhimmightsaythathealonecansavethecountryfroma

terriblewar.”和最后一句“Similarly,ananimalcharitymightshowanaudiencepicturesofinjureddogsandcatstomaketheviewersfeelpity,sotheywillbemorelikelytodonatemoney.”可知，政治家可能会说他会独自一人从可拍的战争中挽救一个国家为了说服观众为他投票，动物慈善机构向观众展示受伤的猫或者狗的图片是为了让观众感到可怜，更可能捐款。

因此可知，政治家和慈善机构的共同之处是他们都想让听众支持他们。

故选C。

4.B【解析】标题判断题。

纵观全文可知，文章主要介绍了说服人的艺术，包括ethos、pathos、logos三中不同的方式，以及这三种方式在各个领域应用的可能性。

因此推断B项“说服的三种基本方式”为最佳标题，概况了文章中心主旨。

故选B。

B

（2017·潍坊3月模拟）Theelevatorofthefuturemaybejustover_the_horizonthankstoGermancompanyThyssenKrupp.Thefirmhasinventedacablefreeelevator（calledMULTI）thatcangoupanddownliketraditionalliftsbutthemagneticmotorsallowittogosidetosidetoo.Thedesignerspredictthatthistechnologycouldincreasethecarryingcapacityofexistingarchitecturebyasmuchas50%.Plusitlooksreallyneat.

ThyssenKruppplanstouselightweightmaterialstobuilditselevatorcarsofthefutureandthelackofacablewinch（钢缆绞车）willreduceweightaswell.Thecarswouldn’tjustmoveupanddownastheydonowbutwouldinsteadgoinacirclethatallowsmorecarstoslipinrightbehindthenext.Theresultisthatyoumightonlyhavetowait10secondsforthenextonetoarriveratherthanwaitfortheoneyoujustmissedtocomebackdown.

ThetechnologybackingThyssenKrupp’sMULTIelevatorisverysimilartomagneticlevitation（磁悬浮）systemsusedinhighspeedtrains.Eachcarhastwomagneticmotors—oneforverticalmovementandtheotherforhorizontal.Thissystemcanalsodeliverpowertothecar’sinternallightingandelectronicswithoutusingwires.

Atraditionalcabledrivenelevatorhasmechanicalcomponentsthatcanholdthecarinplaceintheeventofapoweroff.ThyssenKruppdidn’tgointodetailaboutsafetymeasuresinitsannouncementbutit’ssafetosaythemagneticlevitationelevatorwillhavesomesortofsystemtoholditinplaceifthelightsgoout.ThyssenKruppisworkingonatesttowerthatwillbeusedtodeveloptheMULTIintoarealelevatortechnology.Thisshouldbeupandrunningby2017butitwillprobablytakeatleastafewmoreyearsbeforeyougettoclimbinsideamagneticelevatorcar.

【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。

德国ThyssenKrupp公司已研发出一款名为MULTI的无缆线式电梯，这种带磁力马达的电梯不仅可以像传统升降电梯那样上下移动，还可以在水平方向上运作，运载能力也将提升50%之多。

这种电梯有望在不久的将来投入使用。

1．Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“overthehorizon”mean?

A．Abovesealevel.　　　B．Ontheway.

C．Onthemarket.D．Outofsight.

B　解析：

词义猜测题。

根据最后一段最后两句ThyssenKruppisworkingonatesttowerthatwillbeusedtodeveloptheMULTIintoarealelevatortechnology.Thisshouldbeupandrunningby2017...可知，这种新型电梯预计在2017年启动并运行。

由此可推知，画线部分的词意为“即将，即将来临”，与B项“Ontheway”意思相近。

故选B。

2．MULTIisdesignedto________．

A．saveenergyB．carrymorepassengers

C．runmuchfasterD．beneatandcomfortable

B　解析：

细节理解题。

根据第一段第三句Thedesignerspredictthatthistechnologycouldincreasethecarryingcapacityofexistingarchitecturebyasmuchas50%.可知，设计MULTI电梯的目的是为了增加运载能力，即为了能运载更多的人。

故选B。

3．ThekeytechnologyaboutMULTIisits________．

A．cablewinchB．magneticmotor

C．wirelesselectronicsD．lightingmaterial

B　解析：

细节理解题。

根据第三段第一、二句ThetechnologybackingThyssenKrupp’sMULTIelevatorisverysimilartomagneticlevitation（磁悬浮）systemsusedinhighspeedtrains.Eachcarhastwomagneticmotors—oneforverticalmovementandtheotherforhorizontal.可知，MULTI电梯的关键技术是有两个磁力马达。

故选B。

4．Whatcanbelearnedfromthelastparagraph?

A．MULTIwillsellwell.

B．MULTIhastoworkonatower.

C．MULTIwillbeputintousein2017.

D．MULTIhasasafetysystemincaseofpoweroff.

D　解析：

推理判断题。

根据最后一段第二句．..butit’ssafetosaythemagneticlevitationelevatorwillhavesomesortofsystemtoholditinplaceifthelightsgoout.可知，当停电的时候，MULTI电梯也有某种系统保证其安全。

故选D。

A、B两项文章没有提及；根据文章最后一句可知，用于MULTI的一个测试塔将在2017启动运行，但可能得需要几年才可以乘坐该电梯，故C项不正确。

C

Hewasthereeverymorning,sittingmotionlessonthefrontstepsofhishouse.Inthemorninglight,Icouldseetheshadowsthatwereetched（蚀刻）deepwithinthelinessurroundinghiseyes.

EachmorningIwalkedthisroutewithmydaughtertoherkindergartenclass.WewerenewtotheneighborhoodsothatIdidn’tknowmanyofmyneighbors.Ononebeautifulautumnmorning,aswepassedhishouse,mydaughtercalledouttohim,“Hi,Mr.Man!

”Alwaystheoutgoingchild,Iwasn’tsurprisedatherenthusiasm.Buthercheerfulnesssoonfadedwhenthemandidn’tlookatherandsay“Hi”back.

Aswecontinuedonourwalktoschool,mydaughteraskedwhythemandidn’twanttosayhitoher.BecauseIdidn’thaveananswer,Isaidsimply,“Maybeheishavingabadday.”laterIknewthatBoblosthiswifeinacaraccident.

Afewdayslater,asweapproachedBob’shouseonourwaytoschool,mydaughtercalledout“HiMr.Man!

”andasusual,hedidn’trespond.Butthensheranontohisfrontlawnandpickedupabeautifulredautumnleaf.Shecontinueduponestepandhandedittohim.Iheldmybreath.

Assheskippedbacktome,shesaid,“Seeyoutomorrow,Mr.Man!

”Thistime,heacknowledgedher.Inasoftgentlevoice,hethankedherandsaid,“Seeyoutomorrow.”

Fromthenon,Bobandmydaughterexchangedgreetingeachmorning.OurfriendshipwithBobcontinuedformanyyears.But,thesweetestdayiswhenBobattendedmydaughter’shighschoolgraduation.Bobgavemydaughteragift---abookonidentifyingvariousplantsandtrees.There,tuckedinthepagesthatdescribedanoaktree,wastheleafmydaughterhadgiventoMr.Manwhentheyfirstmet.Hehaddriedandpresseditandkeptitallthoseyears.

1.Whatpuzzledthegirl?

A.Thecauseoftheman’ssadness

B.Theshadowsintheman’seyes

C.Theman’ssittingstillonthesteps

D.Theman’snotansweringhergreeting

2.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenhisdaughtergavetheredleaftotheman?

A.ProudB.Nervous

C.EmbarrassedD.Comfortable

3.WhydidBobkeepthatlittleredleaf?

A.Itwasacarefromagirl

B.Itwasasymbolofenthusiasm

C.Itwasareminderofhispainfuldays

D.Itrepresentedtheknowledgeoftrees

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A.ASimpleRedLeafB.AStrangeNeighbor

C.AnUnusualFriendD.AGreetingFromAgirl

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。

每天上学的路上，我和女儿总会遇见一位男士，女儿总会给他打招呼，但没有得到答复，有一天当女儿给他摘一片红色的树叶的时候，再次打招呼的时候，这次得到了答复。

多年后在女儿毕业的时候，这位男士送给女儿一本书，上面印有各种各样的植物和树，还有女儿曾经送给他的那片树叶，在那片树叶里包含着那位男士痛苦的过去。

1.D【解析】细节理解题。

根据第二段中Buthercheerfulnesssoonfadedwhenthemandidn’tlookatherandsay“Hi”back.及Aswecontinuedonourwalktoschool,mydaughteraskedwhythemandidn’twanttosayhitoher.BecauseIdidn’thaveananswer,的提示可知令那位女孩困惑的是那位男士没有回答她的问候，故选D。

3.A【解析】推理判断题。

根据第三段中laterIknewthatBoblosthiswifeinacaraccident.的描述可知当时Bob刚刚失去自己的妻子，而女儿的行为让他很感动，所以保存下来这片红色的叶子，从而当作对自己痛苦时光的回忆，故选A。

4.A【解析】主旨大意题。

根据文中的描述可知这片红色的叶子一直贯穿全文，就是因为它才使故事得以发展，因此，一片红色的叶子就是该文的主旨，故选A。

D

（2017·南宁第二次检测）Aboutaquarteroftheworlddrivesontheleft,andthecountriesthatdoaremostlyoldBritishcolonies（殖民地）likeAustralia,andIreland.ButThailand,IndonesiaandJapanalsodoso.

Thisstrangeqnirk（奇事）puzzlestherestoftheworld!

However,thereisaperfectlygood