翻译硕士上外试题.docx
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翻译硕士上外试题
《汉语写作与百科知识》
2014：
题型：
一、15个填空，共30分
1、（这个字写得有点急，自己也看不清了）
2、五个联合国常任理事国
3、鲁迅对《史记》的评价
4、六大古都
5、60耳顺70古稀80耄耋
6、生旦净末丑
7、儒家代表人：
孔孟道家代表人：
老子，荀子
8、唐小说：
传奇
9、德先生和赛先生是谁
（貌似少抄了一个，大家可以和其他人分享的结合着看）
二、5个成语，共40分。
要求写出出处、解释、造句（看到题目后真心感觉开心，毕竟造句咱们都不陌生，虽然和往年的真题大相径庭）
完璧归赵
汗牛充栋
卧薪尝胆
防微杜渐
防民之口甚于防川
（个人感觉还是挺常见的一些重要成语，如果把成语词典看看的话应该没什么问题，不过出处嘛，实在是太复杂，个人记得时候没有太下功夫，就是想着牺牲这一块。
不过看的多了还是能猜出个差不多的）
三、大作文（很惊吓，竟然一改往日的风格，没有出现感谢信什么的，挺好！
）
《鲁迅的文章刺痛了谁的神经》的读后感。
这篇文章写得真是太好了，非常犀利而且句子和经典，个人感觉读起来很合乎口味。
所以读后感也就写的热血沸腾！
2011：
（1）选择题
1.能表演“掌上舞”是古代哪位美女？
（几个选项是：
貂蝉，西施，赵飞燕，杨玉环）
2.《史记》中“世家”是给什么人做的传？
（帝王，王侯，将士，还有一个忘了。
）
3.“孔雀东南飞”和___并称诗歌史上的“双壁：
4.“菊月”是指哪一个月？
5.“红肥绿瘦”是指什么季节？
6.“司空见惯”中“司空”是指？
A唐朝的一位诗人B唐朝的一位高僧C一个官职
7.下面哪一个是武松所为？
A倒拔垂杨柳B汴京城卖刀C醉打蒋门神
8.“名花解语”是指什么？
9.“程门立雪”是为了什么？
A拜访B请罪C道谢D拜别
10.一知半解又爱炫耀的人我们通常用什么词语形容？
A半截剑B半段枪C半面D半瓶醋
11.“七月流火”形容的是？
A炎炎夏日B夏去秋来C春去秋来D秋去冬来
12.“汗流浃背”是为了什么？
13.京剧中，性格活泼的青年女性是？
A青衣B花旦C彩旦
14.“杨柳”是？
A一种植物B两种植物C与植物无关
15“成也萧何败萧何”指的是哪位历史人物？
（二）成语解释
精卫填海来龙去脉初出茅庐韬光养晦斯芬克之谜
二．应用文写作
材料内容就是某中日交流中心的秘书（日本人）在虹桥机场中青旅上海分社想改机票上的姓名（旅社弄错了），却受到工作人员的冷遇甚至冷眼相向。
要以中青旅上海分社总经理室的名义写一封道歉信。
三．大作文
材料：
国考今天人数攀升，相比了2003年涨了十几倍。
以此为材料写一篇议论文。
800字。
.
总分150（选择题30分，词语解释35分。
后面作文分数分配不太记得了。
）
2011年：
英语翻译基础：
翻译英语基础：
第一大题：
完型，无选项，无首字母，15空，2分一个，讲得大概是人类祖先并非起源于非洲，而是可能从亚洲迁移而来的.
Evolution
IntoAfrica–thehumanancestorsfromAsia
ThehumanfamilytreemaynothavetakenrootinAfricaafterall,claimscientists,afterfindingthatitsancestorsmayhavetravelledfromAsia.
ByRichardAlleyne,ScienceCorrespondent7:
00PMBST27Oct2010
WhileitiswidelyacceptedthatmanevolvedinAfrica,infactitsimmediatepredecessorsmayhave1colonisedthecontinentafterdevelopingelsewhere,thestudysays.
Theclaimsaremadeafterateam2unearthedthefossilsofanthropoids–theprimategroupthatincludeshumans,apesandmonkeys–inLibya'sDurAt-Talah.
Paleontologistsfoundthat3amongstthe39millionyearoldfossilstherewerethreedistinctfamiliesofanthropoidprimates,allofwhomlivedinthe4areaatapproximatelythesametime.
FeworanyanthropoidsareknowntohaveexistedinAfricaduringthis5period,knownastheEoceneepoch.
ThiscouldeithersuggestahugegapinAfrica'sfossilrecord–6unlikely,saythescientists,giventheamountofarchaeologicalworkundertakeninthearea–7orthatthespecies"colonised"Africafromanothercontinentatthistime.
Astheevolutionintothreespecieswouldhave8takenextremelengthsoftime,combinedwiththelackoffossilrecordsinAfrica,theteamconcludesthatAsiawasthemostlikely9origin.
WritinginthejournalNature,theexpertssaidtheybelievedmigrationfromAsiatobethemost10plausibletheory.
ChristopherBeard,oftheCarnegieMuseumofNaturalHistoryinPittsburgh,said:
"11Ifourideasarecorrect,thisearlycolonisationofAfricabyanthropoidswasatruly12pivotalevent—oneofthekeypointsinourevolutionaryhistory.
"Atthetime,Africawasanislandcontinent;whenthese13anthropoidsappeared,therewasnothingonthatislandthatcouldcompetewiththem.
"Itledtoaperiodofflourishingevolutionarydivergenceamongstanthropoids,andoneofthoselineages14resultedinhumans.
"IfourearlyanthropoidancestorshadnotsucceededinmigratingfromAsiatoAfrica,wesimply15wouldn'texist."
Headded:
"ThisextraordinarynewfossilsiteinLibyashowsusthatinthemiddleEocene,39millionyearsago,therewasasurprisingdiversityofanthropoidslivinginAfrica,whereasfewifanyanthropoidsareknownfromAfricabeforethistime.
"ThissuddenappearanceofsuchdiversitysuggeststhattheseanthropoidsprobablycolonisedAfricafromsomewhereelse.
"WithoutearlierfossilevidenceinAfrica,we'recurrentlylookingtoAsiaastheplacewheretheseanimalsfirstevolved."
第二大题：
阅读。
。
选自nytimes,就几千字一篇，讲之前在WallStreet工作的Mr.Murray患了braincancer后，写了本书，有五个decisions要readers遵循，然后就是回答问题:
原文：
Therearenoone-handedpush-upsorheadstandsontheyoga
matforGordonMurrayanymore.
Nomoreplayingbridge,either—hejokinglyaccuseshisbrainsurgeonofrobbinghimofthegraymatterthatcontainedallthebiddingstrategy.
ButwhenMr.Murray,aformerbondsalesmanforGoldmanSachs
whorosetothemanagingdirectorlevelatbothLehmanBrothers
andCreditSuisseFirstBoston,decidedtoceasealltreatmentfivemonthsagoforhisglioblastoma,atypeofbraincancer,hisfirstimpulsewasnottomournwhathecouldn’tdoanymoreortobuyanislandortomovetoParis.Instead,hehunkereddowninhistinyhomeofficehereandchanneledwhateverremainingenergyhecouldmusterintoaslimpaperback.It’scalled“TheInvestmentAnswer,”andhewroteitwithhisfriendandfinancialadviser
DanielGoldietoexplaininvestinginahandfulofsimplesteps.
Whyabook?
Andwhythissubject?
Nineyearsago,afterretiringfrom25yearsofpushingbonds
onpensionandmutualfund
managerstryingtobeatthemarketaveragesoverlongperiodsoftime,Mr.Murrayhadanepiphanyaboutthefutilityofhisformercustomers’pursuits.
HeeventuallywenttoworkasaconsultantforDimensionalFundAdvisors,amutualfundcompanythatrailsagainstactivemoneymanagement.Sowhenhisdeathsentencearrived,Mr.Murrayknewhehadtoworkquicklyandresolvedtogetthewordouttoasmanyeverydayinvestorsashecould.
“Thisisoneofthetruebenefitsofhavingabraintumor,”Mr.Murraysaid,laughing.“Everyonewantstohearwhatyouhavetosay.”
HeandMr.Goldiehavemanagedtobeattheclock,finishingandprintingthebookthemselveswhileMr.Murrayisstillalive.Itisplentyusefulforanyonewhoisn’talreadyinvestinginacollectionofindexorsimilarfundsanddutifullyrebalancingeverysooften.
ButthemerefactthatMr.Murrayfeltcompelledtowriteitisitselfaremarkablestoryofanalmostwillfulignoranceofthefutilityofactivemoneymanagement—andhowhefinallystumbleduponabetterwayofinvesting.Mr.Murraynowstandsasonethehighest-rankingWallStreetveteranstotakebackmuchofwhatheandhiscolleaguesworkedforduringtheircareers.
Mr.MurraygrewupinBaltimore,aboutthefarthestthingfromacrusaderthatyoucouldimagine.“Iwasthekidyoudidn’twantyourdaughtertodate,”hesaid.“IstolebaseballcardsandcheatedonSpanishtestsandmadefunofthefatkidinthecornerwithglasses.”
Hegotalotofsecondchancesthankstoanaffluentbackgroundandbasketballprowess.HeeventuallylandedatGoldmanSachs,longbeforemanypeoplelookedaskanceatanyonewhoworkedthere.
“Ourwordwasourbond,andgoodethicswasgoodbusiness,”hesaidofhisWallStreetcareer.“Thatgotreplacedbyliarloans
and‘IhopeI’mgonebythetimethisthingblowsup.’”
Afterrisingtomanagingdirectorattwootherbanks,Mr.Murrayretiredin2001.
Atthetime,hispersonalportfoliowasthestandardWallStreetbig-shotbarbell,withapileofmunicipalbonds
atoneendtoprovidesafetax-freeincomeandprivateequity
andhedgefundinvestments
attheother.
Whensomeofthosebondscamedue,hesoughtoutMr.Goldie,aformerprofessionaltennisplayerand1989Wimbledonquarterfinalist,foradviceonwhattobuynext.Rightaway,Mr.GoldiebeganteachinghimaboutDimensional’sfunds.
ThefactthatMr.Murrayknewlittleupuntilthatpointaboutbasicassetallocationamongstocksandbondsandotherinvestmentsorthefailingsofactiveportfoliomanagementisshocking,untilyouconsidertheself-regardthathismaster-of-the-universecolleaguestaughthim.“It’sAmericantothinkthatifyou’resmartorworkhard,thenyoucanbeatthemarkets,”hesaid.
Butitdidn’ttakelongforMr.Murraytobecomeatruebelieverinthisdifferentwayofinvesting.“IlearnedmorethroughDanandDimensionalinayearthanIdidin25yearsonWallStreet,”hesaid.
SoonDimensionalhiredhimasaconsultant,helpingfinancialadviserswhouseitsfundsexplainthecompany’santi-WallStreetinvestmentphilosophytoitsclients.“ThemostinspirationalpeoplewhotalkaboutalcoholismarepeoplewhohavegonethroughA.A.,”saidDavidBooth,Dimensional’sfounderandchairman.“It’sthepeoplewhohavehadtheexperienceandnowseethelightwhoareourbiggestadvocates.”
PlayingthatrolewasenoughforMr.Murrayuntilhereceivedhisdiagnosisin2008.Butnotlongafter,inthewakeofthefinancialcollapse,hetestifiedbeforeaopenbriefingattheHouseofRepresentatives,wonderingaloudhowitwaspossiblethatprosecutorshadnotyetwoncriminalconvictionsagainstanyoneinchargeathisoldfirmsandtheircompetitors.
InJuneofthisyear,abrainscanshowedanewtumor,andMr.Murraydecidedtostopallaggressivemedicaltreatment.Forseveralyears,hehadthoughtaboutsomehowcodifyinghisnewfoundinvestmentprinciples,andMr.Goldiehadahunchthatwritingthebookwouldbealife-affirmingtaskforMr.Murray.
“Ihadbalanceinmylife,andtherewasnobucketlist,”Mr.Murraysaid.“Thefirstthingyoudoisthinkaboutyourwifeandkids,butRandiwouldhavekilledmehavingmearound24/7.Ihadtodosomething.”Thecouplehavetwogrownchildren.
Andsohehastriedtousehisconditionasawaytogetpeopletopayattention.Thebookasksreaderstomakejustfivedecisions.
First,willyougoitalone?
Thetwoauthorssuggesthiringanadviserwhoearnsfeesonlyfromyouandnotfrommutualfundsorinsurance
companies,whichishowMr.Goldienowrunshisbusiness.
Second,divideyourmoneyamongstocksandbonds,bigandsmall,andvalueandgrowth.Thepairnotesthatalessvolatileportfoliomayearnmoreovertimethanonewithhighervolatilityandidenticalaveragereturns.“Ifyoudon’thavebigdrops,theportfoliocancompoundatagreaterrate,”Mr.Goldiesaid.
Then,furthersubdividebetweenforeignanddomestic.Keepinmindthatputtinganythinglessthanabouthalfofyourstockmoneyinforeigns
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