全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题参考答案.docx
《全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题参考答案.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题参考答案.docx(15页珍藏版)》请在冰豆网上搜索。
![全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题参考答案.docx](https://file1.bdocx.com/fileroot1/2023-1/7/9ad01fcc-24ea-4362-8b31-e3308ea53619/9ad01fcc-24ea-4362-8b31-e3308ea536191.gif)
全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题参考答案
2002年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题参考答案
参考答案
SectionⅠListeningComprehension
PartA
1sociology219303234religions51954
PartB
6cameramen/cameramen7apersonalvisit8depressed9amongadvertisements10takefirmaction
PartC
11.D12.B13.C14.D15.B16.A17.A18.D19.C20.B
SectionⅡUseofEnglish
21.A22.D23.C24.B25.B26.A27.D28.D29.C30.B31.D32.A33.A34.C35.B36.D37.A38.C39.B40.C
SectionⅢReadingComprehension
41.C42.B43.D44.D45.A46.C47.C48.D49.B50.C51.B52.D53.D54.A55.A56.B57.C58.B59.A60.D
答案解析
SectionⅠListeningComprehension
听力部分原文
PartA
M:
MargaretWelchwasborninPhiladelphiain1901.ShebeganherstudiesatDePauwUniversityin1919,butafterayearshetransferredtostudyatBarnardUniversity,Majoringinsociology.ShereceivedherundergraduatedegreefromBarnardin1923.SheultimatelyacquiredaPhDfromColumbiaUniversityin1929.
ShemarriedDr.ReoFortunein1928.TogethertheywroteGrowingUpInNewGuinea,publishedin1930.WelchworkedwithherhusbandonanotherbookcalledBalaneseCharacterthatwaspublishedin1942.
Attheageof23,Dr.WelchundertookafieldstudyintheSouthPacific.TheexperienceresultedinherwritingofherhighlypopularbookComingofAgeInSamoa,publishedin1928.Dr.Welchsinterestsandwritingscenteredonreligions.SheworkedintheDepartmentofAnthropologyattheAmericanMuseumofNaturalHistoryfrom1926throughtotheendofherlife.ShewasaprofessorofanthropologyatColumbiastartingintheyear1954,workingwithheroldassociateRuthBenedict.ShewroteabookentitledAnAnthropologistAtWorkaboutBenedict.Itwaspublishedin1959.
MargaretWelchdiedin1978.
W:
Younowhave30secondstocheckyouanswerstoQuestions1-5.
PartB
W:
WhenIwasgettingdivorcedin1975,reportersandcameramenwerecampedoutfordaysinthelobbyandonthesidewalkoutside.Theycamefromalloverthecountry.Foreignreporterstoo.Itwasterrible.Myneighborscouldbarelygetinandoutofthebuilding.Onereporter,whohadbeenafriendofmine,gotuptomyapartmentafterpersuadingthedoormanintobelievingthathewasthereonapersonalvisit.Iwouldntlethimin.Hejustwantedtotalk,hesaid.Iwascertainthathehadacameraandwantedapictureofmelookingdepressed.Ijustcouldntbelievethisattempttoinvademyprivacy.TVistheworst.TVreporterspresentthemselvesashavingtheperfectrighttobeanywhere,toaskanyquestion.Itdoesntmatterhowpersonalthemattermaybe.
Peopledonttrustthepressthewaytheyusedto.Inmostcases,storiesaresensationalizedinordertoattractmorepublicattention.Somepapersprintthingsthatsimplyarenottrue.Inmanypapers,ifacorrectionhastobemade,itsusuallyburiedamongadvertisements.Ivereceivedhundredsoflettersfrompeopleaskingmehowdoyouknowwhatstrueinthepressthesedays.Ifinditdifficulttorespondsometimes.Itellthemthattherearegoodnewspapersandserious,responsibleandhonestreporters.Dontjudgeallofusbythestandardsofthebadones.Unlesstheguysatthetop—theeditorsandthenewsdirectors-takefirmaction,prettysoonnooneisgoingtobelieveanythingtheyreadinthepapersofseeontelevisionnews.
M:
Younowhave50secondstocheckyouranswerstoQuestions6-10.
PartC
(一)
M:
Nexttimeyoubringyourkidsinforacheckup,dontbesurprisedifthedoctorasksabouttheirtastesinentertainment.TheAmericanAcademyofMedicinesuggestedlastweekthatdoctorsworkwithparentstoevaluatehowmuchTVkidswatchandwhattheysee,whatvideoandcomputergamestheyplay,whichwebsitestheyvisitontheInternet,whethertheyviewR-ratedvideoswithoutthecompanyoftheirparents,whatmusictheylikeandwhatbookstheyread.Doctorsareworriedthatkidswhospendtoomuchtimeinfrontofthetubedontgetenoughexerciseandcanbecomeoverweight.Theacademyisalsoconcernedthatthemessageskidsgetfromentertainmentmediacanmakethemmoreviolentandsexuallyactive.
TheacademyrecommendsthatchildrenunderagetwonotwatchanyTV.“Childrenneedactivitiestostimulatethebrainduringthefirsttwoyearsoflife,”saysDr.MiriamBaron,whochairstheacademyscommitteeonpubliceducation.“Theyneedfeedbackandsocialization.”Olderchildren,shesays,shouldwatchTVinacommonarea.Theirbedroomsshouldbe“electronicmedia-free”zoneswheretheycanhaveaquietplacetoread,study,playorjustrelax.
W:
Younowhave30secondstocheckyouranswerstoQuestions11-13.
(二)
W:
Ifyoureinyour20s,youownyourfirstcar,yourcareerismoreorlesslaunched,andyourestartingtolookforwardtoowningahome.Butyoureworried,too.Perhapsyouvegotsomedebt.Youprobablydonthavemuchinthewayofsavings.Andwithallyourexpenses,itdoesntlooklikeyoullbeabletoimprovethatsituationsoon.
Ifyouwonderhowtocutcorners,theresanobviousplacetolook-atyourspendinghabits.
Doyoubuyasodaeachweekend?
Waste$1adayfor40yearsand,whenyouresettoretire,youllfindyouraccountisshortby$190,000.Grabacalculatorandyoulldiscoverthat,over40yearsgoingouttodinnertwiceamonthat$40eachtimeamountstohalfamillion.Evenapack-adaycigarettehabitwilllightenyourretirementaccountby$330,000.AndthesamewithcableTVandthosecoolearrings.Theywillprobablyamounttoasmuchasonemillion.
So,thefirstcluetoaccumulatingwealthisthis:
focusonyourspendinghabits.Hereareacoupleoftrickstohelpyousaveevenifyouswearyoucantaffordto.Stopbuyingthingsthatfallratherthanriseinvalue.Payyourselffirst:
Beforeyoupaythemonthlybills,send$25toamutualfund.Stopspendingcoins.Fromnwoon,spendonlypapercurrency,andkeepthechangeeveryday.Getyourfamilyinvolved,andyoulldoubleyoursavings.Usediscountticketsatthesupermarket—butusethemcorrectly.How?
Ifyoureallywanttomaketheseticketsworthwhile,youactuallymustinvestintoyourmutualfundtheamountyousavebyusingthetickets.Otherwise,yourewastingyourtime—andyourmoney.
M:
Younowhave30secondstocheckyouranswerstoQuestions14-16.
(三)
W:
Mr.Glieberman,doyouseeanychangeinthehighrateofbrokenmarriages?
M:
Thedivorcerateisbeginningtoleveloffandprobablywillbegintodropinthenextyearortwo,thoughnotsignificantly.Thetighteconomyhasmadeitmoredifficultfortroubledcouplestohandleallthecostsassociatedwithsettingupseparatehouse-holds.Also,Ibelievetheresacomebackofthought—aftertheturbulent60sand70s—thatthefamilydoeshavevalue.Inthemidstofchangeandfamilydisintegration,peopleseemtohaveagreaterdesirenowtocreatestabilityintheirlives.
W:
Whatisthedivorceratenow?
M:
About1in3marriagesendsindivorce,aratiofarhigherthanitwas20yearsagowhenthephilosophywas“Welltoughitoutnomatterwhat.Societydemandsthat,forappearancessake,westaytogether.”
Divorcenolongercarriesmuchdisgrace.Theresnoway,forexample,thatRonaldReagan,adivorcedman,couldhavebeenelectedPresidentin1960.Andtherearecountlessotherdivorcedpoliticianswhoyearsagowouldhavebeenvotedoutofofficeiftheyhadevenconsideredadivorce,letalonegottenone.
Thesamewastrueinthecorporatestructure,wheredivorcedpeoplerarelymoveduptheexecutiveladder.Nowcorporationswelcomeadivorcedman,becausetheycanshifthimaroundthecountrywithoutworryingaboutrelocatinghisfamilyormakingcertainthattheyarehappy.
W:
Younowhave40secondstocheckyouranswerstoQuestions17-20.
SectionⅡUseofEnglish
21[答案]A
[注释]本题固然涉及副词的使用知识,然而,更重要的是考查考生句与句之间语义逻辑的理解能力。
本题考察对上下文句意的理解。
第一句指出:
人们常拿二十世纪电视的发展同十五六世纪印刷术的普及作比较。
第二句承上转折,但在(十五六世纪到二十世纪)这段时间内发生了许多事,强调两者是不能相提并论的。
四个选项都是时间副词,但只有between…Aand…B结构,而忽略了它可以作为副词,表示介于某两从此时间或地点之间的时间或地点,此时between=inbetweenadv.
22[答案]D
[注释]本题考查考生对“itwasnotuntil……that……”句型的把握。
until表示“直到……才”,在itwasnotuntil+时间that+句子中,句中谓语动词用一般过去时,句意直到十九世纪,报纸才成为主要媒介。
如果使用by,是句子时态应改为完成时,即“bythe19thcenturythenewspaperhadbecomethedominantmedium”,在19世纪之前,报纸已成为主要媒介。
而选[A]、[C]均不符合历史事实,报纸就是在19世纪开始发展成为主要媒体的。
23[答案]C
[注释]本题考查考生的词汇知识。
medium是媒体,媒介的意思,复数形式为media,massmedia指大众传媒,大众传播工具(尤指电视、报纸、无线电等)考生往往熟知media,却不知道其单数形式medium.
24[答案]B
[注释]本题主要考查介词短语知识。
从thepamphlet和thebook推断theperiodical应该也是和newspaper处于并列关系。
inthecomparyofsth.=togetherwith表示“与……一起”的意思。
全句意思为:
继宣传小册子和书本之后,直到十九世纪,报纸同杂志期刊一起成为电子时代之前的主要媒体。
25[答案]B
[注释]本题考查动词短语知识。
speedup不及物动词短语,是“加速”的意思,只有此选项符合题意,全句是说,通讯革命也是在19世纪加速发展,从铁路运输开始,经过电报、电话、无线电和动画片,直到20世纪的摩托车和飞机。
gather是“聚集”的意思;workup一般作及物动词短语,如:
workupabusiness拓展一家商店,workupthefeelingsofanaudience,煽动听众情绪;pickup是“拾起,捡起”的意思。
26[答案]A
[注释]本题考查副词的使用知识。
on表示“进展,向前,继续活动”,是一个持续的状态,与句意“从铁路运输开始,一直经过一系列的发明(电报、电话……)”相符。
短语leadoff是“开始”的意思,与句意不符。
27[答案]D
[注释]本题考查介词的使用知识。
该句从“thecommunicationsrevolution”开始的主要骨干为:
therevolutionspeededup,beginningwith…,andleadingonthrough…,…,…,intotheworldof…
28[答案]D
[注释]本题考查介词短语知识。
短语inperspective=intherightperspective,意指“以正确的观点;正确地”,这句话意思是:
“并不是每个人都能正确地看待这一进程”。
incocept“在概念上”,ineffect则指“规则、法律仍在实施中,仍然有效”,或指“infactactually”,都与句意不符。
29[答案]C
[注释]本题考查考生语篇层次上的语义逻辑的把握能力。
从上下文句意推断,上文强调并“并不是每个人都能正确地看待这一进程”,这里却说“20世纪初电子计算机的出现极大地改变了这一进程,这一观点是大家公认的。
”很显然这里是一种转折关系,只有however符合题意,indeed表示强调,hence和therefore则是顺承的关系(因此,所以)。
30[答案]B
[注释]本题考查词汇知识。
从上下文时间关系上推断,20世纪60年代集成电路的发明②应该是在20世纪初电子计算机的使用①之后,因此用“followedby”,而broughtby则指②带来①,stimulatedby指②刺激了①的产生,明显颠倒了两者之间的前后关系,chacterizedby则是说②是①的特征,也与事实不符。
31[答案]D
[注释]本题考查考生对句内语义逻辑的识别能力。
由上下文句意推断,前半句“20世纪初电子计算机的出现以及20世纪60年代集成电路的发明极大地改变了这一进程,这一点为大家所公认”,是对计算机的肯定,而后半句“它对媒体的影响并不是立竿见影”,两句之间应是转折的关系,选althoughunless“除非”,since