概要写作上海市高三英语一模专项训练.docx

概要写作上海市高三英语一模专项训练.docx

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概要写作上海市高三英语一模专项训练

07-2020年上海市高三英语一模真题专项训练之概要写作

2020静安一模

IV．SummaryWriting

Directions:

 Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible. 

DoWeNeedArtinOurLives

Noonewillbesurprisedtohearthattheartsareunderfireinthisdayandage.Weviewtheartsassomethingofahobby,somethingthat’sfunbutcertainlycan’tpaytherent.Ifit’snotausefulskill,nowonderartsfundingisbeingcutinschools.Dowereallyneedartinourlives?

Inschools,timeandmoneyisatapremium（稀有而珍贵）,nowmorethanever.Withteachershavingtofitsomanylessonsintoeveryday,it’seasytoseewhyartisdroppingmoreandmorebythewayside.Budgetsaredroppingatanalarmingrate,andwhatschoolisgoingtodropteachinginessentialsubjectssuchasmathorsciencewhentheycandropartinstead?

Itseemsasthoughthelossofartindailylifeisasadfactoflife,butitdoesn’thavetobe.Thereareactuallyalotofpracticalusesforartformanypeople.Forexample,arttherapyhashelpedpeoplewitharangeofillnesses,bothmentalandphysical,copewiththeirsymptoms.Artisfoundalmostanywhereyoulookinyourhome.Practicalitems,suchasbedspreads,furnitureorclothing,areallartformsinthemselvesandarouseemotionsinthepeopleinteractingwiththem.

Artalsogivesusinsightintotheworld.Historytellsuswhathappenedandwhenithappened,butitcan’ttellushowthepopulationatlargefeltaboutit,whichiswhereartstepsin.Weknowalotabouthowpeopleinthepastlivedandworked,becausetheirarthasgivenussuchadeepinsightintotheirdailylives.Wewouldn’thavethatinsightwithoutit.

Mostofall,weneedartinourlivesasitgivesusaformofself-expression.Beingabletotalkaboutourfeelingsisessentialtostayinghealthy.Youmaynotthinkyoutalkaboutyourfeelings,butyoumayexpresstheminotherways.Someliketocookorbake,someliketoworkonmachinery,andothersmayliketopaintordraw.Whateveryouliketodoinyoursparetime,you’reprobablycreatingarteveryday.

So,doweneedartinourlives?

Manypeoplewouldsayno,buttheartthey’rethinkingofistheartyouseeingalleries.Artisactuallymuchmoreaccessibleandistrulyneededineverydaylife.Ithelpsthoseinneed,givespeopleinthefutureanideaofwhatlifewaslike,andisavitalformofself-expression.

71.Consideredasahobbyorfun,artisignoredinschools.Limitedtimeandmoneyisspentonessentialsubjects.However,artisveryusefulandeverywhere.Astherapy,artbenefitshealth.Besides,itenablesustounderstandtheworldbetter.Aboveall,weoftenexpressourfeelingsintheformofart.Therefore,artisneeded.（57words）

2020闵行一模

Ⅳ.SummaryWriting

Directions:

Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

Parentseverywherepraisetheirkids.JennBerman,authorofTheAtoZGuidetoRaisingHappyandConfidentKids,says,“We’vegonetotheoppositeextremeofafewdecadesagowhenparentstendedtobemorestrict.”Bygivingkidsalotofpraise,parentsthinkthey’rebuildingtheirchildren’sconfidence,when,infact,inmaybejusttheopposite.Toomuchpraisecanbackfireand,whengiveninawaythat’sinsincere,makekidsafraidtotrynewthingsortakeariskforfearofnotbeingabletostayontopwheretheirparent’spraisehasputthem.

Still,don’tgotoofarintheotherdirection.Notgivingenoughpraisecanbejustasdamagingasgivingtoomuch.Kidswillfeellikethey’renotgoodenoughorthatyoudon’tcareand,asaresult,mayseenopointintryinghardfortheiraccomplishments.

Sowhatistherightamountofpraise?

Expertssaythatthequalityofpraiseismoreimportantthanthequantity.Ifpraiseissincereandfocusedontheeffortnottheoutcome,youcangiveitasoftenasyourchilddoessomethingthatdeservesaverbalreward.“Weshouldespeciallyrecognizeourchildren’seffortstopushthemselvesandworkhardtoachieveagoal,”saysDonahue,authorofParentingWithoutFear:

LettingGoofWorryandFocusingonWhatReallyMatters.“Onethingtorememberisthatit’stheprocessnottheendproductthatmatters.”

Yoursonmaynotbethebestbasketballplayeronhisteam.Butifhe’soutthereeverydayandplayinghard,youshouldpraisehiseffortregardlessofwhetherhisteamwinsorloses.Praisingtheeffortandnottheoutcomecanalsomeanrecognizingyourchildwhenshehasworkedhardtocleantheyard,cookdinner,orfinishabookreport.Butwhateveritis,praiseshouldbeproportionate（相称的）totheamountofeffortyourchildhasputintoit.

71.Currently,contrarytowhatpeopledidinthepast,manyparentsthinkhighlyoftheirkidstoooften.Itisnotpropertopraisechildrentoomuch,buttheycan'tdotheopposite.Whatmattersisnotthequantitybutthequalityofpraise.Parentsshouldpraisetheirchildreninpromotiontohowmuchefforttheymake.（57words）

2020奉贤一模

IV.SummaryWriting

Directions:

Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

LowerOxygenLevelsThreatenMarineLife

Oxygenintheoceansisbeinglostatanalarmingrate,with“deadzones”expandingrapidlyandhundredsmoreareasshowingoxygendangerouslyexhausted,puttingsharks,tuna,marlinandotherlargefishspeciesatparticularrisk.Deadzones,whereoxygeniseffectivelyabsent,havequadrupled（翻两番）inextentinthelasthalf-century,andtherearealsoatleast700areaswhereoxygenisatdangerouslylowlevels,upfrom45whenresearchwasundertakeninthe1960s.

Thereasonsbehindthisenvironmentalcollapsearemultiple.Amongall,pollutantsgeneratedbytheindustrialworldhavebeenthemostdestructiveforcetocausetheunbalance,includingarisingtideofplasticwaste,aswellasotherpollutants.Seasareabout26%moreacidicthaninpre-industrialtimesbecauseofabsorbingtheexcesscarbondioxideintheatmosphere,accordingtotheIntergovernmentalPanelonClimateChange,withdamagingimpactsonshellfishinparticular.

Lowoxygenlevelsarealsoassociatedwithglobalheating,becausethewarmerwaterholdslessoxygenandtheheatingcausesstratification（分层）,sothereislessofthevitalmixingofoxygen-richandoxygen-poorlayers.Oceansareexpectedtoloseabout3-4%oftheiroxygenbytheendofthiscentury,buttheimpactwillbemuchgreaterinthelevelsclosesttothesurface,wheremanyspeciesareconcentrated,andinthemidtohighlatitudes.

Anothermajorcauseforloweroxygenisintensivefarming.Whenexcessartificialfertilizerfromcrops,orwastesfromthemeatindustry,runsoffthelandandintoriversandseas,itfeedsalgae（藻类）whichbloomandthencauseoxygenconsumptionastheydieanddecay.

Theproblemofdeadzoneshasbeenknownaboutfordecades,butlittlehasbeendonetotackleit.Nowishightimetotakeactionsandhelptheoceansfunctionbetter.

Possible1Oxygenlevelsintheoceansaredroppingrapidly,whichendangersmarinelife.Industrialpollutants,especiallyplasticwasteandincreasedcarbondioxide,arethedeadliestcauses.Globalwarmingisanothercause.Finallyintensivefarmingisalsotoblameforoxygenloss,becauseitswastesfeedsalgae,whichconsumeslotsofoxygen.Measuresshouldbetakentotacklethisneglectedthreat.（59words）

Possible2Oxygenlevelsintheoceansaredroppingrapidly,whichendangersmarinelife.Industrialpollutants,especiallyplasticwasteandincreasedcarbondioxide,arethedeadliestcauses.Besides,globalwarmingisresponsibleasitleadstoloweroxygenstorageandstratification.Finally,intensivefarmingalsoresultsintheoxygenloss.Measuresshouldbetakentotacklethisneglectedthreat.（57words）

2020虹口一模

Ⅳ.SummaryWriting

Directions:

Readthefollowingpassage.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint（s）ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.

TheZeigarnikEffect

Haveyoueverfoundyourselfthinkingaboutapartiallyfinishedprojectforschoolorworkwhenyouweretryingtofocusonotherthings?

OrperhapsyouwonderedwhatwouldhappennextinyourfavoriteTVshoworfilmseries.Ifyouhave,you’veexperiencedtheZeigarnikeffect.Youtendtorememberunfinishedtasksbetterthanfinishedtasks.KnowledgeoftheZeigarnikeffectcanbeputintouseineverydaylife.

Theeffectisespeciallywellsuitedforhelpingovercomeprocrastinationordelayinganactiontoalatertime.Weoftenputoffbigtasksthatseemoverwhelming.However,theZeigarnikeffectsuggeststhatthekeytoovercomingprocrastinationistojustgetstarted.Thefirststepcouldbesomethingsmallandseeminglyinsignificant.Infact,it’sprobablybestifit’ssomethingfairlyeasy.

TheZeigarnikeffectcanbeusefulforstudentswhoarestudyingforanexam.Theeffecttellsusthatbreakingupstudyperiodscanactuallyimproverecall.Soinsteadofcrammingforanexamallinonesitting,breaksshouldbescheduledinwhichthestudentfocusesonsomethingelse.Thiswillcauseintrusive（侵入的）thoughts,enablingstudentstorehearseandconsolidatetheinformationthatmustberemembered,leadingtobetterrecallwhentheytaketheexam.

TheZeigarnikeffectalsopointstoreasonswhypeoplemayexperiencementalhealthproblems.Ifanindividualleavesimportanttasksincomplete,theintrusivethoughtsthatresultcanleadtostress,anxiety,difficultysleeping,andemotionaldistress.Conversely,completingataskcangiveanin