全面讲解托福阅读加试形式细节.docx
《全面讲解托福阅读加试形式细节.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《全面讲解托福阅读加试形式细节.docx（5页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。
全面讲解托福阅读加试形式细节
全面讲解托福阅读加试形式细节
托福考试为什么会有加试?
首先我们要搞清托福加试是一种收集研究数据、测试新研发试题难度及可靠性的手段，是保证广大考生获得公平、精确和有效的测试而开展的标准化工作的核心部分。
当然，不仅是托福考试，加试题这种形式在很多其他的考试中都广泛存在。
托福阅读加试出现形式介绍
托福考生往往会在阅读部分碰到加试试题。
托福阅读部分正常的考题是三篇文章，总计时间为54分钟。
如果有加考，考生将在做了三篇文章之后被要求再做一篇，时间大约为18分钟。
托福阅读加试有两种：
经典加试和非经典加试。
经典加试的出现几率大于非经典加试。
考生一定要熟悉阅读经典加试的题目，这样才能在考试中获取更高的加试分数。
话虽如此，如今托福考试对于加试已经做出了很多调整，其中关于经典加试的部分也已经发生改变，一方面如今的经典加试题也有可能会是正式算分题，另一方面以前的经典加试题目正在逐渐被新的加试题取代，考生已经越来越难区分经典加试的概念了。
托福阅读加试细节：
考生无法分辨哪篇是加试
托福阅读加试题都是随机出现的，与考生之前的答题情况没有关系。
而且，不只是加考篇目，整个阅读篇目也没有固定的顺序，同一考场不同考生遇到的篇目顺序也是不同的，或者说是随机的。
考生在应试过程中不会被告知哪道题是加试题。
要想判断加考题，只有考试结束，考生互相比对自己做到的题目，那些不是每个人都做到的题目才是加考题。
因此考生在考试时需要把每道题都按照考试题一样认真对待，既不要害怕，也不要抱有侥幸心理。
托福阅读加试是否算分?
说到这里，细心的考生可能会问：
托福阅读加试算不算分，它对考生最终的成绩有没有影响呢?
这也是小编将会重点和大家谈到的问题，下面一起来看看吧。
托福阅读加试作为一个标杆来衡量考试的难度，不计入考试的分数，但有可能会影响到考生的成绩。
托福加试对考生的分数有没有影响要看这场考试考生的整体水平：
1.如果考试正确率比加试正确率高，说明考题偏容易，也就是高分档的学生比较多，那么ETS将给分数的分布作相应的调整，也就是给一些高分的学生减分。
给哪些学生减分呢?
当然是加试做得不好的学生。
2.如果考试正确率比加试正确率低，说明考题偏难，也就是低分档的学生比较多，那么ETS将给分数的分布作相应的调整，也就是给一些低分的学生加分。
给哪些学生加分呢?
当然是加试做得好的学生。
3.如果考试正确率和加试正确率持平，实现了正态分布，考生的分数则不需要调整了。
托福阅读真题及答案：
10Questionsfor50Cent
10Questionsfor50Cent
Introduction专辑介绍
这张不得了，真的了不起。
阿姆、玛丽布莱姬、阿肯、贾斯汀、提姆巴兰、小野猫主唱妮可、黑眼豆豆主脑will.i.am等一起跪拜屌到爆
嘻哈帝王相，有数字为证。
全球累积销售逼近2500万张，17张白金唱片销售认证、13座Billboard音乐奖、5座世界音乐奖、3座MTV音乐录像带大奖与3座全美音乐奖肯定
四首超强音乐录像带全球媒体同步曝光五角帝国版图开始勾勒
Vocabulary
debutedn.v.初次登场,开张
metaphorn.[修辞]隐喻,暗喻,比喻说话
uproarn.喧嚣,骚动
bulletproofadj.防弹的
slangn.俚语,行话v.用粗话骂,用俚语说
fragmentn.碎片,断片,片段
endorsev.在（票据）背面签名,签注（文件）,认可,签署
单词都很简单。
。
速读
HewasbornCurtisJackson,buthemadehismarkontherapworldperformingunderhischildhoodnickname.Histhirdalbum,Curtis,debutedSept.11.50Centwillnowtakeyourquestions
IsitCurtisor50Cent?
—MaggieShaw,NewYorkCityIt’s50,butthealbumtitleisCurtis.ItmadeperfectsenseformetotitleitCurtis,consideringmygrandfatherisCurtisSr.,hisfirstbornisCurtisJr.andI’mhisfirstgrandchild,somymomnamedmeafterhim.I’mCurtisIII,andthisismythirdalbum.50Centwasanamethatkindofstuck.Forme,itwasametaphorforchange.That’swhatmademeutilizeitwhenIactuallystartedrapping.
Whatshouldweexpectfromyournewalbum?
—IgnacioMeza,LosAngeles
Youshouldexpectalotofsurprises.Formylasttwoalbums,IisolatedmyselftoworkingwithonlymembersofG-Unit[50Cent’soriginalrapgroup].OnthisalbumIworkedwithJustinTimberlake,RobinThicke,MaryJ.Blige,Akon,NicolefromthePussycatDolls,Dr.DreandEminem.I’minaplacewhereI’msecureenoughtohavealltheseothertalentedpeoplearoundmebecauseI’veprovenmyself,withmyfirsttwoprojectssellingover21millioncopies.
Whydon’tyoudomorehard-corestufflikeyoudidonGetRichorDieTryin’[in2003]?
—RaveenBhasin,Dallas
ItakeintoconsiderationwhatthemusicbusinessisfacingwiththingsliketheDonImussituation.IthinkitwouldcauseafulluproarifIwrote[hard-core]lyricsfromthatperspectiveallthewaythroughmyalbum.That’swhyIreleasedCurtisinsteadofmynextproject,BeforeISelfDestruct.It’smoreofahard-coresound,anditwouldbetooaggressiveforthisperiod.
IsyourbeefwithKanye[West]forreal?
—ErikaRamirez,Houston
IsaidIwouldretireifhisalbum[Graduation,alsoreleasedSept.11]soldmorethanmine.Ithinkpeoplewouldlikeforittobeabeef.ThenitwouldbereallyuncomfortableforKanye,wouldn’tit?
I’malreadyconditionedforthosethings,buthe’dhavetoadjust.Mycar’salreadybulletproof.
Whydorappersusesomuchslangthattheaverage50-year-oldcan’tunderstandthem?
—GabrielGoldenberg,Montreal
Someaudienceshavetocometoyou.Youcan’tcatertoeverybody.KanyeWest’srecordisaimedatastraightpopaudience.Itmayworkforhimnow,butIdon’tbelievethatwillexistlong.Thatbasehasnoloyaltyatall.
Youtookabullettoyourface.Hasthatchangedyourrappingstyle?
—RaviRami,Houston
Itchangedmyvoice.Istillhaveafragmentofabulletinsidemytongue.AndIhaveaholeinthebackofmymouth.Thisisthevoicethatworks,though.ThisiswhyIbelieveithappenedforareason.ThevoicebeforeIgotshotwastheonethatnotmanypeoplelistenedto.
YouhaveahomeinsuburbanConnecticut.Whydidyoumoveoutsidethecity?
—SusanAshley,Houston
IgeneratealotofinterestinNewYorkCity,soit’sdifficult.IfIwasgoingtoanightcluborifIwasjustgettingoutofthecartogotothestore,it’dbedifficult.It’swaydifferenthere,becauseit’sacountrysetting.Idon’tevenleavemyhousetogotothestore.Isendsomebodyelsetodoit.
Iknowyouliketoworkhardandplayhard.What’syourfavoriteplacetovacation?
—JanelleRobison,Brooklyn,N.Y.
Vacation’sathome.IdosomuchtravelingthatwhenIjuststayathome,itfeelslikeI’monvacation.Allyouhavetodoisturnthephoneoff.Thehouseisbigasacountryclubanyway.
Areyouendorsingaparticularcandidateinthe’08election?
—HarenPara,NewYorkCity
No,butIlikeHillary.IthinkshewasalreadyourPresidentonce.[Laughs].
Anyplansforanothermovie?
—ConorEgan,Belmar,N.J.
I’vegotafilmcalledRighteousKill.It’smyself,RobertDeNiro,AlPacino,DonnieWahlberg,JohnLeguizamo.[Laughs].Ifyouaskme,I’mthenextDenzelWashington.
托福阅读练习:
1.PleasetranslatethebluesentenceintoChinese.
Someaudienceshavetocometoyou.Youcan‘tcatertoeverybody.
2.whatisthealbumtitle?
3.What‘shisfavoriteplacetovacation?
andwhy?
4.whyhesaid:
Mycar‘salreadybulletproof.?
参考答案及解析:
1.你不得不想到一些听众。
你并不迎合所有的人。
cometosb.（指看法）被某人想出。
ie,Itsuddenlycametoherthatshehadbeenwrongallalong.
2.thealbumtitleisCurtis.
3.Itisathome,becausehedosomuchtravelingthatwhenhejuststayathome,itfeelslikehe‘sonvacation.
4.BecausehebelievethathisalbumsoldmorethanKanye‘s.
托福阅读真题及答案：
患二型糖尿病
【Introduction】
加拿大一项新研究发现，患二型糖尿病的病人，若能同时做有氧及重量训练运动，将可显着地降低血糖。
【SectionOne】Article
It‘snosecretthatexerciseiskeytocontrollingtype2diabetes—andmanydoctorsalreadyurgetheirdiabeticpatientstogetactive.Butit‘savaguedirective:
Howmuchexerciseisenough?
Howoften?
Andwhatkind?
Thesimpleansweristhatanyisbetterthannone—insum,that‘swhatanewstudypublishedintheSept.18issueofthejournalAnnalsofInternalMedicinefound.Butitalsofoundthatnotallexerciseiscreatedequalandthatthecombinationofaerobicexerciseandweighttrainingissignificantlybetterforcontrollingbloodsugarthaneitheralone.
Theelegantlydesignedstudy,ledbyresearchersattheUniversityofCalgaryandtheUniversityofOttawa,involved251patientsaged39to70,withtype2diabetes.Thepatients,noneofwhomwereregularexercisers,wererandomizedtooneoffourgroups:
aerobicexercise,resistancetraining,acombinationofboth,ornone.For22weeks,theaerobicgroupworkedoutfor45minutesthreetimesaweekonthetreadmillorstationarybicycle;theresistance-traininggroupspentanequalamountoftimeonweightmachines.Thecombinationgroupwasatthegymtwiceaslongastheothertwoexercisegroups,doingthefullaerobicplusweight-trainingregimens.Webuiltupgraduallyto45minutes,butit‘scertainlyvigorous,saysDr.RonaldSigal,leadauthorofthestudyandassociateprofessorofmedicineandcardiacsciencesattheUniversityofCalgary.It‘snotsprintingormaximalexerciselikeamarathontrainerwoulddo,butforsomeonewho‘smiddle-agedandolderandveryoverweight,it‘sfairlystrenuous.
Overall,researcherssawimprovementsinblood-sugarcontrolinallthepatientswhoworkedout.Comparedwithcontrols,patientsintheaerobicgrouphadareductionof.51%intheirhemoglobinA1Cvalues—atestthatmeasuresblood-sugarcontrolovertheprevioustwotothreemonths（lowerisbetter）.Theweight-traininggrouphada.38%reductioncomparedwithcontrols.Butthecombinedexercisegroupshowedfurtherimprovements:
inthosepatients,theA1Cvalueswentdownanadditional.46%overtheaerobicgroup,and.59%overtheweight-traininggroup.Comparedtocontrols,thecomboexercisershadanearly1%lowerA1Creading.
Thebenefitsofa1%droparen‘tsmall,andtheygobeyondblood-sugarcontrol:
Thatreductiontranslatestoa15%to20%decreaseinheartattackandstrokeriskanda25%to40%lowerriskofdiabetes-relatedeyeorkidneydisease.writeDr.WilliamKrausofDukeUniversityMedicalCenterandDr.BenjaminLevineoftheUniversityofTexasSouthwesternMedicalCenteratDallas,inanaccompanyingeditorial.
Acrossallthreeexercisegroups,datasuggestedthatworkingoutcouldimprovebloodpressure,triglycerideandcholesterollevelsinpeoplewithdiabetes;however,therewasnosignificantdifferenceinthechangesamongthegroups.Exercisingalsoledtomodestweightloss—eventhoughpatientswereputondietsspecificallydesignedtomaintainweight—andareductioninbellyfat.What‘smore,CTscansofpatients‘musclessuggestedthatexercisecouldimprovetheirinternalstructureandfunction.So,evenifyou‘renotlosingweight,don‘tgetdiscouragedjustbecauseofthat,saysSigal.There‘sstilladditionalvalue[ofexercise]independentofweightloss.
Untilafewyearsago,saysSigal,AmericanDiabetesAssociationguidelinesrecommendedagainstweighttrainingfordiabeticpeople,particularlyforolderandlongtimepatients,outofafearthatbloodpressuremaygotoohighandmaycauseproblems—strokesorsomekindofacuteevent—duringexercise...Thatwasn‘tbasedonanyrealevidence.Today,theAssociationadvisespatientstoexercise30minutesadayatleastfivedaysaweek,andrecommendsroutinessimilartotheonesSigalstudied:
aerobicworkouts（suchaswalking,swimming,biking）,withweighttraining（withweights
升级会员 