职称英语理工类B真题及答案完整版.docx

职称英语理工类B真题及答案完整版.docx

《职称英语理工类B真题及答案完整版.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《职称英语理工类B真题及答案完整版.docx（12页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

职称英语理工类B真题及答案完整版

2015职称英语理工类B真题及答案（完整版）

　　第一部分：

词汇选项

　　1.Theorganizationwas bold enoughtofacethepress.

　　A.pleasedB.powerfulC.braveD.sensible

　　2.Iwillnot tolerate thatsortofbehaviorinmyclass.

　　A.acceptB.controlC.observeD.regulate

　　3.Irealizedtomy horror thatIhadforgottenthepresent.

　　AlimitB.fearC.powerD.fool

　　4.Mostpeoplefind rejection hardtoaccept.

　　A.excuseB.clientC.destinyD.refusal

　　5.She'sextremelycompetentand industrious.

　　A.hardworkingB.honestC.objectiveD.independent

　　6.Thedoctorsdidnot reveal thetruthtohim.

　　A.hideB.handleC.discloseD.establish

　　7.Hetriedto assemble histhoughts.

　　A.clearB.shareC.gatherD.spare

　　8.Thelawcarriesa penalty ofuptothreeyearsinprison.

　　A.messageB.punishmentC.guiltD.obligation

　　9.Prisonerswerekeptinthemost appalling conditions.

　　A.flexibleB.terribleC.reasonableD.serious

　　10.Theseproductsare inferior tothosewebroughtlastyear.

　　A.poorerthanB.narrowerthanC.largerthanD.richerthan

　　11.Thepoliticalsituationintheregionhas deteriorated rapidly.

　　A.improvedB.changedC.worsenedD.developed

　　12.Therewasasimultaneoustrialtakingplaceinthenextbuilding.

　　A.coexistingB.fairC.fullD.pubic

　　13.They're petitioning forbetterfacilitiesforthedisabledonpublictransport.

　　A.requestingB.planningC.preparingD.looking

　　14.Hesaidsome harsh wordsabouthisbrother.

　　A.unkindB.properC.normalD.unclear

　　15.Wewereattractedbythe lure ofquickmoney.

　　A.amountB.supplyC.sumD.temp

　　第二部分：

阅读判断

　　ADHDLinkedtoAirPollutants

　　Childrenhaveanincreasedofattentionproblems,seenasearlyasgradeschool.Iftheirnosesinhaled（吸入）acertaintypeofairpollutionwhentheywerepregnant.That'sthefindingofanewstudy.Releasedwhenthingsaren'tburnedcompletely,thispollutionisknownaspolycyclicaromatichydrocarbons,orPAHs.ThebiggestsourcesofthesePAHs:

theburningoffossilfuels,woodandtrash.

　　FredericaPereraworksatColumbiaUniversity'sMailmanSchoolofPublicHealthisNewYorkCity.Sheresearcheshowexposuretothingsintheenvironmentaffectschildren'shealthinanewstudy,sheandherteamstudiedtheexposuretoairpollutionof233nonsmokingpregnantwomeninNewYorkCity.Becauseburningtobaccocanspew（排放）PAHsintotheairandlungs,Perera'steamfocusedonnonsmokers.Theresearcherswantedtoprobe（探查）othersourcesofPAHs,onesthat'swouldhavebeenhardforanindividualtoavoid.

　　Theteamstartedbytestingthebloodofeachwomanduringpregnancy.ThereasonAnyPAHsinawoman'sbloodwouldalsobeavailabletothebabyinherwomb.Nineyearslater,theresearchersinvestigatedsignsofattentionproblemsinthosechildren,nowage9.Theyaskedeachchild'smotheraseriesofquestions.Theseincludedwhateverherchildhadproblemsdoingthingsthatneededsustained（长期的）mentaleffort,suchashomeworkorgameswithfriends.Thescientistsalsoaskedifthekidshadtroublefollowinginstructionsormadefrequent,carelessmistakes.AllofthesecanbesymptomsofadisordercalledAttentionDeficitHyperactivityDisorder,orADHD.AboutoneinU.S.childrenhasADHD.

　　Amongthewomenstudied,trafficandhomeheatingweretheprimarysourcesofairpollutionexposure,Pereraandherteamsuspect.SomeofthesewomenhadlowlevelsofPAHsintheirblood.Ohtershadhighlevels.Thosewithhighlevelswerefivetimesaslikelytohavechildrenwhoshowedattentionproblemsbyage9.ThenewfindingswerepublishedNovember5inthejournalPLOSONE.

　　16.PereraandherteamchosenonsmokingpregnantwomenalloverAmerica.

　　A.Right

　　B.Wrong

　　C.Notmentioned

　　17.ThemainpurposeoftheresearchwastofindouthowexposuretoPAHsplayedaroleinharmingthesubjects'physicalhealth.

　　A.Right

　　B.Wrong

　　C.Notmentioned

　　18.NonsmokingmotherswereselectedbecausetheeffectofsmokingonPAHswasunclear.

　　A.Right

　　B.Wrong

　　C.Notmentioned

　　19.Thebloodofeachwomanwastestedonceamonthduringpregnancy.

　　A.Right

　　B.Wrong

　　C.Notmentioned

　　20KidswithADHDcommonlyfailinschool.

　　A.Right

　　B.Wrong

　　C.Notmentioned

　　21.ThewomenwithhighlevelsofPAHsintheirbloodweremorelikelytohavekidswithADHD.

　　A.Right

　　B.Wrong

　　C.Notmentioned

　　22.TrafficandhomeheatingwereconsideredtobethebiggestsourcesofPAHsforthesubjectsintheresearch.

　　A.Right

　　B.Wrong

　　C.Notmentioned

　　第3部分：

概况大意与完成句子

　　FirstImage-recognitionssoftware

　　1）DartmouthresearchersandtheircolleagueshavecreatedanartificialintelligencesoftwarethatusesphotostolocatedocumentsontheInternetwithfargreateraccuracythaneverbefore.

　　2）Thenewsystem,whichwastestedonphotosandisnowbeingappliedtovideos,showsforthefirsttimethatamachinelearningalgorithm（运算法则）forimagerecognitionandretrievalisaccurateandefficientenoughtoimprovelarge-scaledocumentsearchesonline.Thesystemusespixel（像素）datainimagesandpotentiallyvideo—ratherthanjusttext—tolocatedocuments.Itlearnstorecognizethepixelsassociatedwithasearchphrasebystudyingtheresultsfromtext-basedimagesearchengines.Theknowledgegleaned（收集）fromthoseresultscanthenbeappliedtootherphotoswithouttagsorcaptions（图片说明）,makingformoreaccuratedocumentsearchresults.

　　3）“Overthelast30years,”saysAssociateProfessorKorenzoTorresani,aco-authorofthestudy,”thewebhasevolvedfromasmallcollectionofmostlytextdocumentstoamodern,massive,fast-growingmultimediadatastet,wherenearlyeverypageincludesmultiplepicturesofvideos.WhenapersonlooksataWebpage,heimmediatelygetthegist（主旨）ofitbylookingatthepicturesinit.Yet,surprisingly,allexistingpopularsearchengine,suchasGoogleorBing,stripawaytheinformationcontainedinthephotosanduseexclusivelythetextofWedpagestoperformthedocumentretrieval.Ourstudyisthefirsttoshowthatmodernmachinevisionsystemsareaccurateandefficientenoughtomakeeffectiveuseoftheinformationcontainedinimagepixelstoimprovedocumentsearch.”

　　4）Theresearchersdesignedandtestedamachinevisionsystem—atypeofartificialintelligencethatallowscomputerstolearnwithoutbeingexplicitlyprogrammed—thatextractssemantic（语义的）informationfrompixelsofphotosinWebpages.ThisinformationgisusedtoenrichthedescriptionoftheHTMLpageusedbysearchenginesfordocumentretrieval.Theresearcherstestedtheirapproachusingmorethan600searchqueries（查询）onadatabaseof50millionWedpages.Theyselectedthetext-retrievalsearchenginewiththebestperformanceandmodifiedittomakeuseoftheadditionalsemanticinformationextractedbytheirmethodfromthepicturesoftheWebpages.Theyfoundthtthisproduceda 30percentimprovementinprecisionovertheoriginalsearchenginepurelybasedontext.

　　23.Paragraph1_____

　　24.Paragraph2_____

　　25.Paragraph3_____

　　26Paragraph4_____

　　A.Popularityofthenewsystem

　　B.Publicationofthenewdiscovery

　　C.Functionofthenewsystem

　　D.Artificialintelligencesoftwarecreated

　　E.Problemsoftheexistingsearchengines

　　F.Improvementindocumentretrieval

　　27.Thenewsystemdoesdocumentretrievalby_____.

　　28.Thenewsystemisexpectedtoimproveprecisionin_____.

　　29.Whenperformingdocumentretrievaltheexistingsearchenginesignore_____.

　　30.Thenewsystemwasfoundmoreeffectiveindocumentsearchthanthe_____.

　　A.informationinimages

　　B.currentpopularsearchengines

　　C.usingphotos

　　D.machinevisionsystems

　　E.documentsearch

　　F.descriptionoftheHTMLpage

　　第四部分：

阅读理解

　　第一篇　WhyBuyShade-GrownCoffee?

　　Whenpeopleargueaboutwhethercoffeeisgoodforhealth,they'reusuallythinkingofthehealthofthecoffeedrinker.Isitfoodforyourheart?

Doesitincreasebloodpressure?

Doesithelpyouconcentrate?

However,coffeeaffectsthehealthofthehumanpopulationinotherways,too.

　　Traditionally,coffeebusheswereplantedunderthecanopy（树冠）oftallerindigenous（土生土长的）trees.However,moreandmorefarmersinLatinAmericaaredeforestingthelandtogrowfull-suncoffees.Atfirst,thisincreasesproductionbecausemorecoffeebushescanbeplantediftherearen’tanytrees.Withincreasedproductioncomeincreasedprofits.

　　Unfortunately,deforestingforcoffeeproductionimmediatelydecreaseslocal-wildlifehabitat.Nativebirdsnestandhidefrompredators（捕食者）inthetalltreesandmigratingbirdsrestthere.

　　Furthermore,inthelongterm,thefull-sunmethodalsodamagestheecosystembecausemorechemicalfertilizersandpesticidesareneededtogrowthecoffee.Thefertilizersandpesticideskillinsectsthateatcoffeeplant,butthenthebirdseatthepoisonedinsectsandalsodie.Thechemicalskillorsickenotheranimalsaswell,andcanevenenterthewaterthatpeoplewilleventuallydrink.

　　Fortunately,farmersinCentralandSouthAmericaarebeginningtogrowmorecoffeebushesintheshade.Wecansupportthesefarmersbybuyingcoffeewithsuchlabelsas"shadegrown"and"birdfriendly."Sure,thesevarietiesmightcostalittlemore.Butwe'repayingforthehealthofthebirds,theland,ourselves,andtheplanet.Ithinkit'sworthit.

　　31.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?

　　A.Farmersarechangingthewaytheygrowcoffee.

　　B.Coffeeisbecomingmoreexpensivetoproduce.

　　C.Shade-growcoffeeismoreexpensivethansun-growcoffee.

　　D.Peopleshouldbuyshade-growncoffee.

　　32.Thefunctionoftheword"Traditionally"inParagraph2istoshow_____.

　　A.thepositiveeffectsof