高考英语一轮总复习 第一部分 教材知识梳理 Unit 4 Cyberspace练习 北师大版必修2.docx

高考英语一轮总复习 第一部分 教材知识梳理 Unit 4 Cyberspace练习 北师大版必修2.docx

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高考英语一轮总复习第一部分教材知识梳理Unit4Cyberspace练习北师大版必修2

2019高考英语一轮总复习第一部分教材知识梳理Unit4Cyberspace练习北师大版必修2

一、阅读理解（共7小题;每小题2分,满分14分）

A

Researchhasshownthatfirst-bornchildrenarebetterthantheirkidbrothersorsisters.First-bornsdobetteronIQtestsandaremorelikelytobecomepresidentoftheUnitedStatesbutlesslikelytododrugsandsoon.

Butwhybirthorderappearstomattersomuchforschoolachievementlevelismuchlessclear.Manytheorieshavebeenputforward,rangingfromtothestablefamilylifeandtodifferentschoolingsamongchildren.Basedonlongstudiesofdatafromsurvey,PantanoandIofferadifferentexplanation:

Itcomesdowntoparents’reputationsformaintainingdiscipline（维持纪律）withtheirkids.

Thebasicideaisthis:

Therearetwotypesofparents—thosewhoinourstudywecall“unforgiving”—they’llpunishchildrenforpoorschoolperformance,regardlessofthechild’sbirthorder,andthosewhoare“forgiving,”meaningtheydon’tliketopunishanyoftheirchildren,regardlessofbirth.Thelattertypeofparentsfaceadilemma.Iftheydon’tpunishtheiroldestchild’spoorbehavior,alloftheirchildrenwillfollowsuit.Asaresult,allofthemwilltendnottoworkhardinschool.Toavoidthissituation,forgivingparentsarestrictwiththeirfirst-born,hopingtoconveyanideathatwillinfluencethebehavioroftheiryoungerchildrenaswell.Theyoungerchildren,seeingtheirbigbrotherorsisterpunished,willbelesslikelytoslackoff（懈怠）inschoolbecausetheycan’tbesurethatmomanddadaren’treallyunforgivingtypes.

Sotheoutcomeofthisstrategicparentingisthatwhileallchildrenbenefitfromthefirst-born’spunishments,theinfluenceisthegreatestontheeldestchild.

1.Accordingtotheauthor,first-bornchildren’sbetterperformanceliesin　　　　. 

A.personalawarenessB.schooleducation

C.differentparentingD.familybackground

2.Whatisthepointofthe3rdparagraph?

A.Toinformthereadersofthebasisoftheresearch.

B.Toexplainhowthestudywasconducted.

C.Toexposethetruthoftheparentingproblem.

D.Toshowhowparentscaninfluencetheirkids.

3.Thebesttitleforthepassageisprobably　　　　. 

A.Studiesonraisingfirst-borns

B.Howtoteachkidsbehavebetterinschool

C.Differentparentingstyles

D.Whyfirst-bornkidsdobetterinschool

【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文,介绍为何头胎孩子胜过他们的弟弟妹妹们。

1.C　推理判断题。

根据最后一段可知,由于父母对孩子的教育方式不同,因此头胎孩子获益最大,故选C项。

2.A　段落大意题。

由第三段第一句“Thebasicideaisthis:

”可知,作者主要说明研究的基本内容。

故选A项。

3.D　标题归纳题。

纵观全文,主要讨论为何头胎孩子胜过他们的弟弟妹妹们,在学校表现更突出。

D项概括了文章主旨。

B

Whenherfivedaughterswereyoung,HeleneAnalwaystoldthemthattherewasstrengthinunity（团结）.Toshowthis,shehelduponechopstick,representingoneperson.Thensheeasilybrokeitintotwopieces.Next,shetiedseveralchopstickstogether,representingafamily.Sheshowedthegirlsitwashardtobreakthetiedchopsticks.Thislessonaboutfamilyunitystayedwiththedaughtersastheygrewup.

HeleneAnandherfamilyownalargerestaurantbusinessinCalifornia.However,whenHeleneandherhusbandDannylefttheirhomeinVietnamin1975,theydidn’thavemuchmoney.TheymovedtheirfamilytoSanFrancisco.TheretheyjoinedDanny’smother,Diana,whoownedasmallItaliansandwichshop.Soonafterwards,HeleneandDianachangedthesandwichshopintoasmallVietnameserestaurant.Thefivedaughtershelpedintherestaurantwhentheywereyoung.However,Helenedidnotwantherdaughterstoalwaysworkinthefamilybusinessbecauseshethoughtitwastoohard.

Eventuallythegirlsallgraduatedfromcollegeandwentawaytoworkforthemselves,butonebyone,thedaughtersreturnedtoworkinthefamilybusiness.TheyopenednewrestaurantsinSanFranciscoandLosAngeles.Eventhoughfamilymemberssometimesdisagreedwitheachother,theyworkedtogethertomakethebusinesssuccessful.DaughterElizabethexplains,“Ourmothertaughtusthattosucceedwemusthaveunity,andtohaveunitywemusthavepeace.Withoutthestrengthofthefamily,thereisnobusiness.”

Theirexpandingbusinessbecamealargecorporationin1996,withthreegenerationsofAnsworkingtogether.NowtheAns’corporationmakesmorethan$20millioneachyear.Althoughtheybeganwithasmallrestaurant,theyhadbigdreams,andtheyworkedtogether.Nowtheyareabigsuccess.

1.Helenetiedseveralchopstickstogethertoshow　　　　. 

A.thestrengthoffamilyunity

B.thedifficultyofgrowingup

C.theadvantageofchopsticks

D.thebestwayofgivingalesson

2.WecanlearnfromParagraph2thattheAnfamily　　　　. 

A.startedabusinessin1975

B.leftVietnamwithoutmuchmoney

C.boughtarestaurantinSanFrancisco

D.openedasandwichshopinLosAngeles

3.WhatcanweinferabouttheAndaughters?

A.Theydidnotfinishtheircollegeeducation.

B.Theycouldnotbeartoworkinthefamilybusiness.

C.TheywereinfluencedbywhatHelenetaughtthem.

D.Theyweretroubledbydisagreementamongfamilymembers.

4.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.HowtoRunaCorporation

B.StrengthComesfromPeace

C.HowtoAchieveaBigDream

D.FamilyUnityBuildsSuccess

【文章大意】本文是记叙文。

在女儿们很小的时候,HeleneAn就教她们团结的力量。

女儿们在大学毕业后一起接管家族生意,她们的团结让生意越做越大。

1.A　细节理解题。

根据文章第一句中的“HeleneAnalwaystoldthemthattherewasstrengthinunity”可知,她用筷子来说明团结的力量。

2.B　细节理解题。

根据第二段中的“However,whenHeleneandherhusbandDannylefttheirhomeinVietnamin1975,theydidn’thavemuchmoney.”可知,他们离开越南的时候,并没有多少钱。

3.C　推理判断题。

根据第三段中的“Ourmothertaughtusthattosucceedwemusthaveunity,andtohaveunitywemusthavepeace.”可知,孩子们受母亲的影响,懂得团结的力量。

4.D　主旨大意题。

全文讲述了一家人团结一致,将家族生意越做越大的故事,因此D项最能概括文章主旨。

二、语法填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分,满分15分）

ABritishteenager,DannyBowmanaged19yearsold,once1.

（spend）10hoursadaytakingselfies（自拍）.Now,heisreceivingregulartreatmenttohelphimdealwithhisaddiction.

Hisaddictionstartedatage15andquicklyoutofcontrol,leadinghimtoattempttokillhimselfdueto2.　　　　（anxious）thathecouldn’ttaketheperfectselfie.3.　　　　hisworst,hewouldcutaclassthreetimesanhourtotakeaselfie,eventually4.

（drop）outofschoolatage16,at5.　　　　pointhishealthstartedtofallapart,becausehewouldlimit6.　　　　toanappleandabowlofriceadayinabidtobethinnerandbetterhisskin.Healsodidn’tleavehishousesforsixmonthsduetobeingunsatisfiedwithhowhelooked.7.　　　　（worry）,hismotherhadtoseekhelp,whicheventuallyledtohimbeingtreated.Heisbelieved8.　　　　（be）Britain’sfirstcase. 

Selfieaddictionisaphenomenonthatincreasingnumbersofmentalhealthexpertsarerecognizing,9.　　　　Danny’scaseis10.　　　　（particular）extreme.Adoctorsaiditwasamentalhealthproblem,whichcanleadtoaseriousconsequence. 

1.spent。

分析句子结构可知,此处所填词为谓语动词,且叙述的是过去发生的动作,所以应使用一般过去时。

spend的过去式为spent。

2.anxiety。

介词短语dueto意为“由于”,后接名词作宾语。

anxious的名词形式为anxiety。

3.At。

固定搭配“atone’s+形容词的最高级”意为“处在最……的状态”。

4.dropping。

动词短语dropoutof意为“辍学”,与主语he之间构成主谓关系,所以用现在分词作状语。

5.which。

先行词age16在非限制性定语从句中作定语,所以用atwhichpoint引导。

6.himself。

谓语动词limit后的宾语与主语he一致,所以用反身代词himself。

7.Worried。

此处应用形容词作状语,worry的形容词为worried。

8.tobe。

固定句式“sb.bebelieved”后接动词不定式。

此处动词be与主句的谓语动词believe是同时发生的,所以用动词不定式的一般式。

9.but。

前后句表示转折关系,所以用but引导。

10.particularly。

此处修饰形容词extreme,应用副词形式。

PartB

一、完形填空（共20小题;每小题1.5分,满分30分）

Inourmodernworld,whensomethingwearsout,wethrowitawayandbuyanewone.The　1　isthatcountriesaroundtheworldhavegrowingmountainsof　2　becausepeoplearethrowingoutmorerubbishthaneverbefore. 

Howdidwe　3　athrowawaysociety?

Firstofall,itisnoweasierto　4　anobjectthantospendtimeandmoneytorepairit.　5　modernmanufacturing（制造业）andtechnology,companiesareabletoproduceproductsquicklyandinexpensively.Productsareplentifuland　6　. 

Anothercauseisour　7　ofdisposable（一次性的）products.As　8　people,wearealwayslookingfor　9　tosavetimeandmakeourliveseasier.Companies　10　thousandsofdifferentkindsofdisposableproducts:

paperplates,plasticcups,andcameras,tonameafew. 

Ourappetitefornewproductsalso　11　totheproblem.Weare　12　buyingnewthings.Advertisementspersuadeusthat　13　isbetterandthatwewillbehappierwiththelatestproducts.Theresultisthatwe　14　usefulpossessionstomakeroomfornewones. 

Allaroundtheworld,wecanseethe　15　ofthisthrowawaylifestyle.Mountainsofrubbishjustkeepgettingbigger.To　16　theamountofrubbishandtoprotectthe　17　,moregovernmentsarerequiringpeopletorecyclematerials.　18　,thisisnotenoughtosolve（解决）ourproblem. 

Maybethereisanotherwayout.Weneedtorepairourpossessions　19　throwingthemaway.Wealsoneedtorethinkourattitudesabout　20　.Repairingourpossessionsandchangingourspendinghabitsmaybethebestwaytoreducetheamountofrubbishandtakecareofourenvironment. 

1.A.keyB.reason

C.projectD.problem

2.A.giftsB.rubbish

C.debtD.products

3.A.faceB.become

C.observeD.change

4.A.hideB.control

C.replaceD.withdraw

5.A.ThankstoB.Asto

C.ExceptforD.Regardlessof

6.A.safeB.funny

C.cheapD.powerful

7.A.loveB.lack

C.preventionD.division

8.A.sensitiveB.kind

C.braveD.busy

9.A.waysB.places

C.jobsD.friends

10.A.donateB.receive

C.produceD.preserve

11.A.adaptsB.returns

C.respondsD.contributes

12.A.tiredofB.addictedto

C.worriedaboutD.ashamedfor

13.A.newerB.stronger

C.higherD.larger

14.A.pickupB.payfor

C.holdontoD.throwaway

15.A.advantagesB.purposes

C.functionsD.consequences

16.A.showB.record

C.decreaseD.measure

17.A.technologyB.environment

C.consumersD.brands

18.A.HoweverB.Otherwise

C.ThereforeD.Meanwhile

19.A.byB.infavorof

C.afterD.insteadof

20.A.spendingB.collecting

C.repairingD.advertising

【文章大意】本文是一篇议论文。

如今我们用过的东西随手就扔掉了,慢慢地我们的社会就变成了一个一次性的社会。

为什么会产生这样的现象?

我们应如何解决这一问题?

本文对此进行了阐述。

1.D　根据下文“peoplearethrowingout...”可知,这是个严重的社会问题。

2.B　根据空后的“becausepeoplearethrowingoutmor