资料宝库中考英语常见错误K到R系列.docx
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资料宝库中考英语常见错误K到R系列
资料宝库:
中考英语常见错误KandL系列
2008年03月22日12:
27 英语教师网
keep
[误]Shewaskeepingsomethingtoherfather.
[正]Shewaskeepingsomethingfromherfather.
[析]"对某人隐瞒某事"要用"keepsomethingfromsomebody"句型。
[误]Hekepttorepeatthewordagainandagain.
[正]Hekeptrepeatingthewordagainandagain.
[析]keepdoingsomething为连续不断地做某事。
有时可以与keepondoingsomething互换。
它们的区别在于keepdoingsomething意为该动作一直不停地在进行中,如:
Whenthetrainstarted,shekeptwavingherhand.而keepondoingsomething则表示该动作可能停停顿顿但却一直在进行中,如:
Hekeptonmakingthesamemistakesingrammar.
[误]Wemustkeepupthetimes.
[正]Wemustkeepupwiththetimes.
[析]这句话意为"我们必须赶上时代",keepupwith是"赶上"之意,而keepup则是"坚持下去"的意思,如:
Keepitup,don'tstopnow!
key
[误]Ilostthekeyofthedoor.
[正]Ilostthekeytothedoor.
[析]英语中讲某某的东西一般要用of,而key,entrance,answer则多用to,如:
"门的钥匙"为keytothedoor,"高速公路入口"为entrancetothehighway,"问题的答案"为theanswer(key)tothequestion.
kind
[误]Thiskindofbooksarenotgood.
[正]Thiskindofbooksisnotgood.
[析]kind在这种句式中应作为主语,如果讲Thosekindsofbooksareverygood.则是正确的。
kindsorttype
kind和sort为同义词,意为"种类",而type则为"型号",如:
Whattypeofthiscardoyouwant?
(你想要这种车的什么型号?
)
knock
[误]Someonewasknockingthedoor.
[正]Someonewasknockingatthedoor.
[析]knock虽可以作及物动词,如:
Thecarknockedaholeinthefence.但作"敲门"讲一定要用作不及物动词:
knockat(on)thedoor.
know
[误]Iwanttoknowtoplaythisgame.
[正]Iwanttoknowhowtoplaythisgame.
[析]要注意英语中在不定式前加疑问代词或疑问副词的用法。
如:
Iwanttoknowhowtodoit/whattodo/whentodoit/wheretogo.
knowknowof
Iknowhim.为"我很了解他。
"而Iknowofhim.则为"我听说过他。
"同样的用法还有hear和hearof这一词组。
资料宝库:
中考英语常见错误L系列3
2008年03月22日12:
27 英语教师网
livingalive
living侧重于生活得很好,身体不错,如:
Mygrandfatherisstilllivinginhiseighties.而alive则强调没有死而是活着的,如:
Isthatcataliveordead?
lonely
[误]Shewantedtodoherhomeworklonely.
[正]Shewantedtodoherhomeworkalone.
[析]lonely意为"寂寞的"、"孤单的",如:
Theoldmanfeltlonely.alone则意为"独自的"、"单独的",如:
Helivesalonebuthedoesn'tfeellonely.
long
[误]Ihavebeenstudyinglongfortheexam.
[正]Ihavebeenstudyingforalongtimefortheexam.
[析]long用作表达时间的副词时,在否定句及疑问句中最常用,但在肯定句中除与so,too,as…as连用外,一般要用foralongtime.
[误]I'llcallyouaslongasthebookwillbereturned.
[正]I'llcallyouaslongasthebookisreturned.
[析]as…as引导的状语从句中可以用一般现在时表示将来。
[误]Howlongdoyougotoseeyourparents?
Onceaweek.
[正]Howoftendoyougotoseeyourparents?
Onceaweek.
[析]因为答语为每周一次所以问的是频率,要用howoften.
look
lookforfind
lookfor侧重于"寻找"这个动作,如:
Whatareyoulookingfor?
而find则侧重于结果,如:
Itisverydifficulttofindajob.这里不能用lookfor,因为真正困难的是"找到"工作。
其他用法还有:
[例]Heoftenlooksbackonhishighschooldays.
[析]lookbackonsomething为"回顾"、"回想"。
[例]Iwishyouwouldn'tlookdownon(upon)thechildren'swork.
[析]lookdownon(upon)为"看不起"某人或某事。
[误]I'mlookingforwardtoseeyou.
[正]I'mlookingforwardtoseeingyou.
[析]lookforwardto词组中的to是介词,所以其后要加名词或动名词,不能接不定式。
lot
[误]Icanbuythisdictionarynow,becauseIhavegotmuchmoney.
[正]IcanbuythisdictionarynowbecauseIhavegotalotofmoney.
[析]muchmoney多用于疑问句与否定句中,而在肯定句中要用alotof.lotsof与alotof之间无多大区别,两者都可以修饰可数与不可数名词,所以常常可以互换。
[误]Heismorehappiernow.
[正]Heisalothappiernow.
[析]不可用more来修饰比较级,能修饰比较级的词有verymuch,alot,lots,any,no,rather,alittle,abit等。
loudloudly
这两个词含意相同,在日常用语中loud多与talk,speak,shout,laugh等动词连用,如:
Don'tspeaksoloud,you'llwakethebaby.而在比较正式的场合才用loudly.
loudaloud
loud多指把声音放大,而aloud则指要出声不要默读。
如:
-Whatdidyousay?
-Oh,nothing,Iwasjustthinkaloud.(我只不过自言自语。
)
资料宝库:
中考英语常见错误L系列2
2008年03月22日12:
27 英语教师网
let
[误]Theteacherletsthestudentscleantheclassroomasapunishment.
[正]Theteachermakesthestudentscleantheclassroomasapunishment.
[析]虽然let,have,make有相同的用法,但make和have含有迫使某人做某事的意思。
[误]Let'sgotothepark,willyou?
[正]Let'sgotothepark,shallwe?
[误]Letusgotothepark,shallwe?
[正]Letusgotothepark,willyou?
[析]Let'sgo的反意疑问句是shallwe?
而Letusgo的反意疑问句则是willyou?
life
[误]ManypeoplelosttheirlifeintheSecondWorldWar.
[正]ManyPeoplelosttheirlivesintheSecondWorldWar.
[析]life作为"生命"、"性命"时应为可数名词;当泛指一般"生活"讲时则为不可数名词,如:
Whichdoyouprefer,townlifeorcountrylife?
又如:
Lifeisnotallfun.
light
[误]Thereisadeskwithalitlamponit.
[正]Thereisadeskwithalightedlamponit.
[析]light有两个过去分词:
lighted和lit,当用过去分词作形容词当定语时只能用lighted.light可以用作名词,如:
Themoongetsitslightfromthesun.也可以作形容词,如:
Theclassroomisverylight.还可以作动词,如:
Thelittlegirllitamatch.作形容词时还有"轻"、"浅"等意,如:
Thisboxislight.Ilikelightblue.
like
[误]Mysisterisveryasme.
[正]Mysisterisverylikeme.
[析]as作为连词其后要接从句,如:
Sheisagoodstudentashisbrotherusedtobe.而like是介词,其后接宾语。
[误]Doyoulikeswimmingwithmetonight.
[正]Wouldyouliketoswimwithmetonight.
[析]like作为动词当"喜欢"讲时,其后面可接不定式也可接动名词,用不定式多表达一个一次性的动作,如:
I'msorryIdon'tliketogoswimmingtonight.用动名词则表示一个习惯性的动作,如:
Ilikeswimmingverymuch.
likealike
作为形容词,alike一般不作定语,而只作表语,如;Thetwinsareveryalike.
[误]Wouldyoulikeswimmingwithus?
[正]Wouldyouliketoswimwithus?
[析]在wouldyoulike…这一句型中,其后面只能接不定式,而不能接动名词。
like的用法还要注意以下两点:
①HelikesTom.为"他喜欢汤姆。
"②HeislikeTom.为"他像汤姆。
"第二句话的like为介词,而第一句话的like为动词。
listen
[误]Youshouldheartheteahcer'sadvice.
[正]Youshouldlistentotheteacher'sadvice.
[析]hear多侧重于听到某事或某种声音,而listento则侧重于听的倾向性。
如:
Welistenbuthearnothing.例句为"听取某人意见",所以只能用listentosomeone'sadvice.
little
[误]Don'tworry,thereislittletime.
[正]Don'tworry,thereisalittletime.
[误]Thereisalittlewater.ShallIgetsome?
[正]Thereislittlewater.ShallIgetsome?
[析]要注意中英文在同一问题上的表达法是不同的。
如中文"水不多了,我去取点吧。
"英文要讲"没水了,我去取点吧。
"
littlesmall
little与small是近义词,在作定语时常常可以互换,如:
alittlegirl或asmallgirl,但little一般不作表语,如:
Thecaroverthereissmall.一句中不要用little.作定语时little常常带有感情色彩,而small则带有对比的含义。
live
[误]Tomliveswithhisparents'money.
[正]Tomlivesonhisparents'money.
[误]Helivesonteaching.
[正]Helivesbyteaching.
[析]"靠吃某物为生"应用liveonsomething,而liveby是"靠某种生活手段为生"。
资料宝库:
中考英语常见错误L系列1
2008年03月22日12:
27 英语教师网
L
large
[误]Hefoundalargenumberofmistakeinhishomework.
[正]Hefoundalargenumberofmistakesinhishomework.
[析]"alargenumberof+复数名词",意为大量的。
last
[误]Thisisthenewestnews.
[正]Thisisthelatestnews.
[析]"最新消息"应为latestnews,因为最晚到的新闻才是最新消息,请注意英语与汉语的区别。
lastthelast
[误]Isawmybrotherthelastweek.
[正]Isawmybrotherlastweek.
[析]当谈到与目前有关的上月、上星期等概念时只能用lastmonth,lastweek,而不能加定冠词,thelast可用于表示一系列词的最后一个,如:
ThatwasthelastChristmasIspentathome.但thelast可以用来表示持续到现在的一个长时期,如:
Iambusyforthelastweek.
late
[误]YesterdayIwenthomelately.
[正]YesterdayIwenthomelate.
[析]late即可做形容词又可作副词;而lately则意为"最近的",如:
Ihaven'tseenherlately.
latelatterlaterlately
late有两个比较级,指时间较晚应用later,如口语中常讲:
Seeyoulater.(一会见。
)而latter则指按顺序讲的后者,或靠后的,其反意词为former,如:
theformerpresident(前总统)。
又如:
Icanunderstandthelatterpartofthestory.而lately则意为"近来"、"不久前"。
laughedatbyhisclassmates.中的at是不可省掉的。
laughover则指"笑着谈论"某事,如Welaughoverthefilm.(我们笑着谈论那个电影。
)
lay
[误]Weliedonthebeach.
[正]Welayonthebeach.
[析]英文中有三个动词易混,在考试中也频频出现,它们的现在式,过去式,过去分词以及现在分词是:
lay(vt.放)laidlaidlaying
lie(vi.躺)laylaincying
lie(vi.说谎)liedliedlying
learn
[误]Theteachersaid:
"Youmuststudythispoembyheart."
[正]Theteachersaid:
"Youmustlearnthispoembyheart."
[析]study与learn在作"学习"讲时,常常可以互换,但learn侧重于学习成果或初级阶段的模仿性学习,如:
Thelittlebabyislearningtowalk.而study则多侧重于学习的过程,如:
I'mstudyingatthiscollege.而learn…byheart则是"记住"、"背诵"之意。
leave
[误]I'llleaveBeijingtoShanghai.
[正]I'llleaveBeijingforShanghai.
[析]leavefor一词组为"去某地",如对话中常讲I'llleaveforShanghai.因所离开的地点是双方都知道的则可以省略。
leaveforget
[误]I'veforgottenmyhomeworkathome.
[正]I'veforgottenmyhomework.
[正]I'veleftmyhomeworkathome.
[析]如果句中有地点状语则不要用forget,而要用leave.
lesson
[误]IhavetwolessonsofEnglish.
[正]IhavetwoEnglishlessons.
[正]IhavetwolessonsinEnglish.
[析]"我有两节英语课。
"这一表达法如上,但美国老师讲他有两节课时则多用"Ihavetwoclasses."teachsomebodyalesson为"教训某人",或"要吸取教训",如:
Letthisthingteachesyoualesson.
lend
[误]Pleaseborrowmeyourbike.
[正]Pleaselendmeyourbike.
[析]borrow是指"借入",如:
Iwanttoborrowsomebooksfromthelibrary.lend是"借出",如:
Icanlendyoumybike.而keep为"借多久":
如HowlongcanIkeepit?
less
[误]Hehasfewermoneythanshehas.
[正]Hehaslessmoneythanshehas.
[析]less是little的比较级,而fewer是few的比较级。
要注意前者修饰不可数名词,而后者修饰可数名词。
资料宝库:
中考英语常见错误R系列
2008年04月10日17:
03 英语教师网
R
radio
[误]Therearetworadioesintheclassroom.
[正]Therearetworadiosintheclassroom.
[误]Iheardtheweatherreportthroughtheradio.
[正]Iheardtheweatherreportontheradio.
[析]在收音机中听到某事应为hearsomethingontheradio,听收音机应为listentotheradio.这样的用法还有电视,看电视为watchTV,讲在电视上看见什么节目为watch…onTV,如:
I'mwatchingthefootballmatchonTV.但注意,作为一种通信手段时应为byradio,如:
Policearetalkingtoeachotherbyradio.rain
[误]Thereisasmallrainfalling.
[正]Thereisalightrainfalling.
[误]Thereisabigrain.
[正]Thereisaheavyrain.
[析]