自考英语二教材课文讲义unit.docx
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自考英语二教材课文讲义unit
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[KK8UY-LL9IO69-TTO6M3-MTOL89-FTT688]
自考英语二教材课文讲义unit
Unit1ThePowerofLanguage
?
I.Newwordsandexpressions
Newwords
1.criticaladj.有判断力的；判断公正（或审慎）的
2.non-fictionn.纪实文学
3.positionn.观点；态度；立场
4.statementn.说明；说法；表态
5.?
question?
v.表示疑问；怀疑
outofquestion/outofthequestion
6.evaluatev.估计；评价；评估
7.contextn.事情发生的背景，环境，来龙去脉
8.?
value?
n.values[pl.]是非标准；价值观
valuable
invaluable=priceless
valueless
9.represent?
v.描述；表现
representativeadj./n.
10.assertionn.明确肯定；断言
11.sufficient?
adj.?
足够的；充足的
sufficiency
insufficient
12.statisticn.statistics[pl.]统计数字；统计资料
13.integratev.（使）合并，成为一体
14.authority?
n.专家；学术权威；泰斗
an/theauthorityonsth.
authorize
15.compare?
v.比较；对比
compareAwithB
compareAtoB
16.subjectn.主题；题目；题材
17.consistentadj.相符的；符合的
18.inconsistencyn.不一致
19.assumptionn.假定；假设
20.case?
n.具体情况；事例
incase
incaseoffire
incasethat…
acaseinpoint
confirmed/suspectedcases
21.directlyadv.直接地；径直地
22.identifyv.找到；发现
23.valid?
adj.符合逻辑的；合理的；确凿的
validityn.有效性，正确（性）
invalid
24.credible?
adj.可信的；可靠的
incredible=unbelievable
25.landmarkn.（标志重要阶段的）里程碑
26.relevant?
adj.紧密相关的；切题的
relevancyn.关联；恰当
irrelevant
27.currentadj.现时发生的；当前的
28.appropriate?
adj.合适的；恰当的
inappropriate
It's（not）appropriatethat….
29.biasn.偏见；偏心；偏向
30.considerably?
adv.非常；很；相当多地
consider
considering
considerable
considerate
consideration
31.Democratn.（美国）民主党党员，民主党支持者民
32.Republicann.（美国）共和党党员，共和党支持者
33.reflectv.显示；表明；表达
34.informed?
adj.有学问的；有见识的
well-informed
ill-informed
PhrasesandExpressions
1.applyto使用；应用
2.putforth提出；产生
3.take…intoaccount考虑到；顾及
4.accept/take…atfacevalue相信表面；信以为真
5.withagrainofsalt有保留地；持怀疑态度地
II.TextLearning
CriticalReading
①?
（1）Criticalreading?
appliesto?
non-fictionwriting?
inwhich?
theauthor?
putsforthaposition?
orseekstomakeastatement.?
Criticalreadingisactivereading.Itinvolvesmorethanjust（不只是，不仅仅是）understandingwhatanauthorissaying.Criticalreadinginvolvesquestioningandevaluatingwhattheauthorissaying,andformingyourownopinionsaboutwhattheauthorissaying.?
Herearethethingsyoushoulddotobeacriticalreader.（启下句）
本部分重点及难点：
1.Criticalreading?
appliesto?
non-fictionwriting?
inwhich?
theauthor?
putsforthaposition?
orseekstomakeastatement.
applytosb./sth.=beapplicabletosb./sth.
apply的派生词：
application,applicant,applicable
②?
Considerthecontextofwhatiswritten.Youmaybereadingsomethingthatwaswrittenbyanauthorfromadifferentculturalcontext?
than?
yours.?
（2）Or,youmaybereadingsomethingwritten?
sometime?
agoinadifferenttimecontextthanyours.?
（3）Ineithercase,youmustrecognizeandtakeintoaccountanydifferencesbetweenyourvaluesandattitudesandthoserepresentedbytheauthor.?
本部分重点及难点：
2.Or,youmaybereadingsomethingwritten?
sometime?
agoinadifferenttimecontextthanyours.
sometime
注意区分：
sometime/sometimes/sometimes
3.?
Ineithercase,youmustrecognizeand?
takeintoaccount?
anydifferencesbetweenyour?
valuesandattitudes?
and?
those?
representedbytheauthor.不论哪种情况，你必须注意并考虑你的价值观和态度与作者所述的价值观和态度有何不同。
those是代词，代替前面的复数名词valuesandattitudes。
代替可数名词单数或不可数名词用that。
例如：
Thestudentsinyourclassaremorehard-workingthanthoseinhisclass.
Thevaluesoftheyoungpeopledifferfromthoseoftheirelders.
Yourvoiceismorebeautifulthatthatofyourclassmates.
Thepriceofthatbookishigherthanthatofthisone.
请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩！
【单选题】1.Thenecklacehersisteriswearingismuchmorebeautifulthan______wornbyMary.
A．this
B．that
C．these
D．those
【答案】B
【解析】本题考查指代词those/that的用法。
英语句子中为了避免重复常使用代词代替前面出现过的名词。
代替前面的复数名词用those；代替可数名词单数或不可数名词用that。
本句中空格处要填的词代替代替单数可数名词necklace，故选A。
此处that也可以换成theone。
【知识点】指代词those/that的用法
③?
Questionassertionsmadebytheauthor.Don'tacceptwhatiswritten?
atfacevalue.Beforeacceptingwhatiswritten,becertainthattheauthorprovidessufficientsupportforanyassertionsmade.?
Lookforfacts,examples,andstatisticsthatprovidesupport.（承上句）Also,looktoseeiftheauthorhasintegratedtheworkofauthorities.
④?
Comparewhatiswrittenwithotherwrittenworkonthesubject.?
（4）Looktoseethatwhatiswrittenisconsistentwithwhatothershavewrittenaboutthesubject.?
Ifthereareinconsistencies,carefullyevaluatethesupporttheauthorprovidesfortheinconsistencies.（承上句）
本部分重点及难点：
4.Looktoseethatwhatiswritten?
isconsistentwith?
whatothershavewrittenaboutthesubject.
beconsistentwith与……一致
consist?
vi.组成（of）；在于（in）；符合（with）
TheUnitedKingdomconsistsofGreatBritainandNorthernIreland.
Thebeautyoftheplanconsistsinitssimplicity.
Thisdoesn'tconsistwithwhatyoutoldmeearlier.这和你先前告诉我的不符合。
consist的派生词：
consistent,inconsistent,consistency,inconsistency
请认真答题，答题结果将记入知识点测评的成绩！
【单选题】2.Totellyouthetruth,Ireallyhopethatyouractionswillconsist______yourwordsthistime.
A．of
B．in
C．at
D．with
【答案】D
【解析】本题考查consist的用法。
consistof意为"由……组成"；consistin意为"在于"；consistwith意为"与……一致"，故选D。
consistat不存在。
该句的意思是"说实话，我真希望这次你的言行能一致"。
【知识点】consist的用法
⑤Analyzeassumptionsmadebytheauthor.（5）Assumptionsare?
whatever?
theauthormustbelieve?
istrue?
inordertomakeassertions.Inmanycases,theauthor'sassumptionsarenotdirectlystated.?
Thismeansyoumustreadcarefullyinordertoidentifyanyassumptions.（承上启下句）Onceyouidentifyanassumption,youmustdecidewhetherornottheassumptionisvalid.
⑥Evaluatethesourcestheauthoruses.Indoingthis,becertainthatthesourcesarecredible.Forexample,Einsteinisacrediblesourceiftheauthoriswritingaboutlandmarkachievementsinphysics.Alsobecertainthatthesourcesarerelevant.?
Einsteinisnotarelevantsourcewhenthesubjectispoetry.（承上句）?
Finallyiftheauthoriswritingaboutasubjectinitscurrentstate,besurethatthesourcesarecurrent（启下句）.Forexample,studiesdonebyEinsteinintheearly20thcenturymaynotbeappropriateifthewriterisdiscussingthe?
currentstateofknowledgeinphysics.
⑦Identifyanypossibleauthorbias.?
（6）AwrittendiscussionofAmericanpoliticswilllikely?
lookconsiderablydifferentdependingonwhetherthewriterisaDemocratoraRepublican.?
（7）Whatiswrittenmayverywellreflect?
abiasedposition.Youneedtotakethispossiblebiasintoaccountwhenreadingwhattheauthorhaswrittenwith"agrainofsalt."
⑧?
Bybeingacriticalreader,youwillbecome?
betterinformed?
andmay?
changeyourviewsasappropriate.
本部分重点及难点：
5.Assumptionsare?
whatevertheauthormustbelieveistrue?
inordertomakeassertions.
whatever引导的是表语从句，不能换成nomatterwhat。
名词性从句（主语，宾语，表语，同位语从句）中，"疑问词ever"不能换成"nomatter+疑问词"，状语从句中可以换用。
例如：
Whoevercomestoourpartyiswelcome.（不能换成nomatterwho…）
Hewilllendahelpinghandtowhoeverneedshishelp.（不能换）
Hewillbuywhateverhissonwants.（不能换）
Whateveryoudo,Iwillsupportyou.（能换成nomatterwhat…）
6.AwrittendiscussionofAmericanpoliticswill?
likely?
lookconsiderablydifferentdependingonwhetherthewriterisaDemocratoraRepublican.
likely在该句中是副词
likelyadj./adv.
belikelytodosth.
It'slikelythat…
alikelyresult
Profitwillmostlikelyhaverisenbyabout2million.利润极可能增加200万英镑左右。
（副词）
likely的派生词：
unlikely,likelihood。
例如：
Thelikelihoodofinfectionisminimal.感染的可能性极小。
7.Whatiswrittenmayverywellreflect?
abiasedposition.
abiasedposition
bebiasedto/toward（s）/against
反义词：
unbiased
III.部分练习讲解
P111BridgingtheGap
Directions:
Fillintheblankswithawordoraphrasethatbestcompletesthepassage.Youmaychooseasuitableonefromthelistgiven.
解题方法：
把词分类
动词 名词 形容词 副词
define action powerful internally
express tears personal
shape shape good
respond to
Languageisoneofthethingsthatsetsusapartasbeings,oneofthethingsthatessentially?
1?
definesusashumans.Whenlanguageisusedwellitcanelicitverydeepfeelinginothers,motivateothersto?
2?
actionanddefinethenatureofourrelationships.Sometimesinpoetrythejuxtaposition（并列）oftwowordsoracertainphrasecanbring?
3tearstotheeyes,callupawholehostofimageryandmoveusdeeply.Wehaveseenlanguagerecentlyusedinthepoliticsofpersuasion,usedfor?
4?
goodorill-dependingonyourviewpoint.Whenweuselanguageto?
5?
expressourtruefeelingstosomeoneitcanopenanddeepentheconnectionbetweenus.Languageisavery?
6?
powerfultool.Howweuselanguageshapesourworldboth?
7?
internallyandexternally.Howyouuseself-talk-whatyousaytoyourselfaboutyourselfandabouttheworlddirectly?
8?
shapes（塑造，使成形）?
yourexperienceofbothyourselfandtheworld.Howyoudelivercommunicationshapesthewaytheworld?
9?
responds?
toyou.Wecanuselanguagemoreeffectivelyinbothspheres:
internalandexternalanddirectlyinfluencethehealthandpowerofour?
10?
personalrelationshipsandourbusinessrelationships.
I.Newwordsandexpressions
Newwords
1.confidence?
n.自信心；把握
相关词：
confident
beconfidentofsb./sth.
have/loseconfidenceinsb./sth.
注意比较：
confident/confidential
2.programv.训练；培养
3.masteryn.控制；驾驭
4.destinyn.命运；天命；天数
5.dramaticallyadv.巨大地；惊人地；显着地
6.qualityn.质量；品质
7.subconsciousadj.下意识的；潜意识的
8.pleasev.使满意；使愉快
9.commandn.（给人或动物的）命令
10.knowinglyadv.故意地；蓄意地
11.impactn.巨大影响；强大作用
12.matterv.事关紧要；有重大影响
13.confidentadj.自信的；有自信心的
14.sensen.（对重大事情的）感觉，意识
15.eliminate?
v.排除；清除；消除
eliminateallgrammaticalmistakes
beeliminatedinthefirstround
16.disempower?
v.剥夺；使失去权利；剥夺力量
注意构词法：
dis（表示否定）+em（使，赋予）+power
en-/em-常见的动词前缀，如：
enable,enrich,endanger,enlarge等。
empowerv.授权，赋予权利
17.self-esteemn.自尊（心）
18.li
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