名词性从句学案.docx

名词性从句学案.docx

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名词性从句学案

名词性从句学案

公司内部档案编码：

[OPPTR-OPPT28-OPPTL98-OPPNN08]

名词性从句学案

名词性从句（NounClauses）

课前热身：

判断以下句子中划线部分属于什么句子成分。

Hisjobisimportant.

Whathedoesisimportant.（主语）

Idon’tlikehisjob.

Idon’tlikewhathedoeseveryday.（）

Thisishisjob.

Thisiswhathedoeseveryday.（）

Idon’tknowabouttheman,Mr.White.

Idon’tknowaboutthefactthatheisateacher.（同位语）

一、概念：

在复合句中起作用的从句叫做名词性从句。

二、分类：

可分为四类：

主语从句、、表语从句和。

三、名词性从句的连接词：

从

属

连

词

词形

词义

在从句中所作的成分

连

接

代

词

连

接

副

词

四、主语从句（thesubjectclause）

（一）结构：

Thatheisreadytohelpothersiswell-known.

Whetherhewillattendthemeetingisnotdecided.

Whowillgoisnotimportant.

WhenhewillleavefortheUnitedStateshasn’tbeendecided.

用正确的连接词填空

1.thevolleyballmatchwillbeputoffiscertainnow.

2.Mr.Liuwillattendthemeetingdependsontheweather.

3.shesaidishardtounderstand.

4.leavestheroomlastmustturnoffthelights.

5.willwonthematchisstillunknown.

theEnglishpartywillbeheldhasnotyetbeenunknown.

（二）用it作形式主语的句型有：

1）

Itiscertainthatshewilldowellinherexam.

Itisprobablethathetoldhereverything.

2）

It’sapitythatwecan’tgo.

It’sstillaproblemwhethertheywillgo.

3）

ItissaidthatMrGreenhasarrivedinBeijing.

ItisreportedthatChinahassentanotherman-madesatellite（人造卫星）intoorbit.

4）

ItseemsthatAlicewillnotcometothepartyatall.

IthappenedthatIwasoutthatday.

ItoccurredtomethatIhadforgottenmykeyintheoffice.

5）

Itdoesn’tmatterwhethershewillcomeornot.

（三）主谓一致:

1）在含有一个主语从句的主从复合句中，主句的谓语动词一般用。

Thatweneedmorecars___（be）obvious.

2）由两个或多个引导词引导一个从句时，谓语动词用。

Whereandwhenthemeetingwillbegin________（havenot）beendecidedyet.

（四）主语从句练习用适当的连接词填空

the2000OlympicsgameswillbeheldinBeijingisnotknownyet.

2.wecan’tgetseemsbetterthanwehave.

3.Itworriedherabitherhairwasturninggray.

4.isafactthatEnglishisbeingacceptedasaninternationallanguage.

learnEnglishwellisverynecessaryinmoderntimes.

willholdthemeetingdependsontheweather.

7.Itsurprisedushecametotheweddingparty.

toldyouwasalie.

9.Itwashesaiddisappointedme.

五、宾语从句（theobjectclause）:

（一）结构：

1.Ithink（that）watchingTVtoomuchisbadforpeople’shealth.

2.Canyoutellmewherethenearestpostofficeis

3.Theteacherwaspleasedwithwhatshehassaid.

4.I’msurethatyouwillmakegreatprogress.

（二）注意：

1．做动词的宾语:

1）大部分宾语从句直接跟在动词后：

Hedoesn'tknowwherethepostofficeis.

2）有些宾语从句前要有间接宾语：

HetoldmewhatIshouldread．

2．做情感或态度形容词的宾语，that常省略.

I’mhappy（that）youhavewrittenmesoon.

3．做介词的宾语有两个重要词组：

inthat:

因为，由于，在于；

except/butthat:

除…之外，只是。

除此之外，介词后常用what/who/when/where/how….

1）Yourcompositionisverygoodexceptthattherearesomespellingmistakes.

2）Theoryisvaluableinthatitcanprovideadirectionforpractice.

3）Didshesayanythingabouthowweshoulddothework

Theseareasaresimilar____theyhaveheavyrainfallsduringthesameseason.

4.it作形式宾语，构成句型：

1）make/feel/find/believe/consider=think=suppose+it+adj/n.+that从句：

使/觉得/发现/相信/认为…

Wemakeitclearthatanyonewhobreakstherulewillbepunished.

HethoughtitsurprisingthatJeanhadfailedtheexam.

2）it指代后面从句所叙述的内容,常用：

like/dislike/love/hate/appreciate/enjoy/prefer+it

+if或when从句

Ihateitwhenpeoplelaughatthedisabled.

Ilikeintheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.

3）takeitforgrantedthat…:

想当然认为….;认为…是理所当然的。

Itook_______forgrantedthateveryonelikescomputergames.

5.关于宾语从句中不省略that的情况:

1）当有两个或者两个宾语从句时,从第2个从句中that不能省略.

Hesaidthathedidn’taccepttheconditionandthathewoulddoitifIchangeditaccordingtohisopinion.

2）that引导的宾语从句放在句首时.

ThathewillcomeherenextweekIsurelyknow.

作动词后接宾语从句，肯定句由whether/if引导，否定句由that引导.

Idoubt____________hewillattendthemeeting.

Idon’tdoubt_____hewillattendthemeeting.

（三）宾语从句练习单句改错（每句中有一处错误。

）

1.CouldyoushowmewhatIcangettothenearesthospital

2.Idon’tknowwhomhastakenmypen.

3.Hethoughtithewasthebeststudent.

4.Youmustmakeitarulewhatyouputawayyourthingswheneveryouusethem.

5.Itmakesherworriedsheisputtingonweight.

6.Irememberwherewehadourlessonsinashed（棚子）.

7.Afterwhenseemedaverylongtime,Iopenedmyeyesandfoundmyselfinbed.

8.Shanghaihastakenonanewlook.Itisn’tlikehowitusedtobe.

六.表语从句（thepredicativeclause）

（一）结构：

1.ThatiswhyIdidn'tattendthemeeting.

2.Theproblemiswhetherwecanworkoutagoodplansoon.

3.Hissuggestionisthatweshouldgetdowntoworkatonce.

4.Thefactremainsthatwearefarbehindthem.

5.Itlooksasif/thoughthestadiumiscoveredbyagraynetofsteel.

（二）注意：

1.look,remain等系动词后均可跟表语从句.　

2.asif/though也可引导表语从句

　Itlooksasifit’sgoingtorain.

3.Thereasonwhy…isthat……的原因是…

Thatisbecause…：

那是因为…（表原因）

Thatiswhy…：

那就是为什么…（表结果）

1）Thereasonwhyhewaslatewas_______hemissedthetrainbyoneminutethismorning.

2）Hewasill.Thatwas_______hewaslateforschool.

3）Hewaslateforschool.Thatwas________hewasill.

4）Thefactisshedoesn’tlikepopmusic.

5）MytroubleisIdon’thaveenoughexperience.

6）Thequestionis_______hewillbepresentornot.

7）Whattroubledhimwashecouldgetthemoney.

（三）表语从句练习用适当的连接词填空

1.Thiswas______wegetthere.First,wetookabus.Thenwewalkandatlastwehadtotakeataxi.

2.______puzzleduswaswecouldn’tfindaneffectivewaytoimprovethemachine.

3.Timeisveryvaluable.Theproblemiswemakegooduseofourtime.

4.Energyis____makesthingswork.

七、同位语从句（theappositiveclause）

（一）结构：

Iheardthenewsthatourteamhadwon.

Ihadnoideathatyouwerehere.

（二）可以跟同位语从句的名词:

news,hope/wish,promise,word（消息）,idea,fact,question,problem,suggestion/advice,opinion，possibility,message,order,truth,chance,doubt，requirement,thought,belief,feeling等。

（三）同位语从句有时可被别的词把它和它所说明的名词隔开，常构成一些句型。

1.Thereispossibility/achancethatitwillrainnextweek.

2.ThereisnodoubtthatEnglishisdifficulttolearn.

3.Ihavenoideathatsheisfamouspopstar.

（六）同位语从句练习用适当的连接词填空

1.WearequitepleasedwiththeresultChina’steamhaswon150goldmedals.

2.TheyagreedwithyourideayouwouldgotoShanghai.

3.Hehasmadeapromisehewillcometomeetmehere.

4.Thefactsheworkshardiswellknowntousall.

八、名词性从句考点归纳:

考点一:

区别that与what.

考点二：

区别whether与if.

考点三：

it作形式主语或形式宾语.

考点四：

虚拟语气问题.

★考点一：

that与what的区别;that和whether的区别使用:

（一）thatvs.what

Whathesaidmakesmehappy.

Thatanewteacherwillcomeistrue.

总结：

that：

无意义，在从句中不充当任何成分,且在宾语从句中有时可被省略。

what：

有意义，理解为“什么；所…的东西/事情/话”。

在从句中作主语、、

表语、。

小练兵：

用that或what填空

hewantsisabook.

2.______hewantstogothereisobvious.

3.Theresultis______wewonthegame.

4.Thisis_____wewanttoknow.

5.Is_____hetoldustrue

6.Weshouldpayattentionto______theteacherissaying.

7.Ihavenodoubt_____hewillcome.

8.Ihavenoidea_____hedidthatafternoon.

9._______mattersisnotwhetheryoufailornot,butwhetheryoutryornot.

10.Whetherwayswillbefoundtostoppollutionornotisjust_______worriesthepublic.

11.Youmustdowell_____theteacherasksyoutodo.

12.______surpriseduswas_____thelittleboycanspeakveryfluentEnglish.

（二）thatvs.whether

小练兵：

用that或whether填空

1.__________shewillcomeiscertain.

2.__________we’llgocampingtomorrowdependsontheweather.

3.---Whataboutseeingafilm

---Thequestionis__________we’llhaveenoughtime.

4.Ioftenwonder__________animalshavethesamesenseashumans.

总结：

that:

无疑问之意，很确定。

whether:

有疑问之意，不确定，没把握。

★考点二：

If与whether的区别

1.引导主语从句、表语从句、同位语从句只用whether.

2.介词后的宾语从句只用whether.

do前用whether

ornot连在一起时不用if，分开时可用whether或if.

小练兵：

用if或whether填空

1.Iaskedher__________shehadabike.

2.wewillholdapartyintheopenairtomorrowdependsontheweather.

3.We’reworriedabout________heissafe.

4.Idon’tknow___________heiswellornot.

5.Idon’tknow________ornotheiswell.

6.Thequestionis_________heshoulddoit.

doctorcanhardlyanswerthequestion______theoldmanwillrecoversoon.

8.Idon’tknow_______togo.

youarenotfreetomorrow,I’llgowithoutyou.

★考点三：

it作形式主语或形式宾语

用it或that填空：

1.Manypeopleconsider________necessarythatweshouldprotectourenvironmentasmuchaspossible.

2.Iwouldappreciate_______ifyoucanwritetomeassoonaspossible.

3._______islikelythathehasleft.

★考点四：

虚拟语气问题

虚拟语气可以用在：

1.主语从句2.宾语从句3.表语从句4.同位语从句

虚拟语气一般和表坚持，命令，建议，要求的词有关联.

注意：

表坚持，命令，建议，要求的词

（一）个坚持：

insist

（二）个命令：

order,command

（三）个建议：

suggest（suggestion）,advise（advice）,recommend（recommendation）

（四）个要求：

require（requirement）,request,demand,desire

1.在主语从句中:

1）Itis+形容词（strange/surprising，natural/important/necessary/）+that从句（〈should〉do）

Itisstrange/surprisingthathe__________（leave）withoutsayinggoodbye.

Itisnecessary/importantthatwe__________（master）aforeignlanguage.

2）Itis+过去分词（insisted/ordered/suggested,advised,recommended/required,requested,demanded,desired）+that从句（〈should〉do）

.It’ssuggestedthatthefamilyplan__________（carryout）firmly.

2.在宾语从句中

insist/order/suggest,advise,recommend/require,request,demand,desire+that从句

（shoulddo）

.Johnsonsuggestedtheproblemworthpayingattention__________（discuss）atthemeeting.

3.在表语从句和同位语从句:

order,advice,suggestion,recommendation,demand,request,requirement,desire+