四级答案.docx

四级答案.docx

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四级答案

PartIWriting（30minutes）

　　注意：

此部分试题在答题卡1上。

　　怎样改善学生的心理健康

　　1.学生心理健康的重要性

　　2.学校应该怎样做

　　3.学生自己应该怎样做

　　【范文】Howtoimprovepsychologicalhealth?

　　Asisknowntoall,psychologicalhealthisasimportantas,ifnotmoreimportantthan,physicalhealthforastudentduringhis/hergrowth.However,it'squiteworryingthatnowadayssomestudentsarenotquitepsychologicallyhealthy.

　　Undoubtedly,schoolsnduniversitiesshouldtakegreataccountintheresponsibilitiesofstudents'psychologicalhealth.Relevantcoursesandactivitiesshouldbeintroducedtostudentssothattheywouldbemoreawareofthesignificanceofpsychologicalhealthandfindappropriatewaystomaintainandimproveit.Forexample,thereshouldbeapsychologicalcounselinghotlineorofficeforstudentstoturntowhentheyneedsomepsychologicalaid.

　　Ofcoursenopsychologicalhealthcanbeobtainedwithouttheeffortsfromthestudentsthemselves.Frommyperspective,whattheycandoistryingtostaypositive,optimisticandfollowtherightguidelinesfromtheirschools.Tobemorespecific,theycanparticipateinsomeactivitiessuchasvoluntaryworktocultivateanopeningandcaringmind.Meanwhile,harmfulimpactsfromthecyberspaceshoulddefinitelybeavoided.

　　PartIIReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning）（15minutes）

　　Directions:

Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1-7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）.Forquestions8-10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

　　That’senough,kids

　　ItwasalovelydayattheparkandStellaBianchiwasenjoyingthesunshinewithhertwochildrenwhenayoungboy,agedaboutfour,approachedhertwo-year-oldsonandpushedhimtotheground.

　　“I’dwatchedhimforalittlewhileandmysonwasthefourthorfifthchildhe’dshoved,”shesays.”Iwentovertothem,pickedupmyson,turnedtotheboyandsaid,firmly,’No,wedon’tpush,”Whathappenednextwasunexpected.

　　“Theboy’smotherrantowardmefromacrossthepark,”Stellasays,”Ithoughtshewascomingovertoapologize,butinsteadshestartedshoutingatmefordiscipliningherchild,AllIdidwaslethimknowhisbehaviorwasunacceptable.WasIsupposedtositbackwhileherkiddidwhateverhewanted,hurtingotherchildrenintheprocess?

”

　　Gettingyourownchildrentoplayniceisdifficultenough.Dealingwithotherpeople’schildrenhasbecomeaminefield.

　　Inmyhouse,jumpingonthesofaisnotallowed.Inmysister’shouseit’sencouraged.Forher,it’saboutkidsbeingkids:

”Ifyoucan’tdoitatthree,whencanyoudoit?

”

　　Eachofthesephilosophiesisvalidand,ithastobesaid,mysonlovesvisitinghisaunt’shouse.ButIfindmyselfsaying“no”alotwhenherkidsareoveratmine.That’sOKbetweensistersbutbecomesdangerousterritorywhenyou’retalkingtothechildrenoffriendsoracquaintances.

　　“Kidsaren’tallraisedthesame,”agreesProfessorNaomiWhiteofMonashUniversity.”Butthereisstillanideathatthey’rethepropertyoftheparent.Weseeourchildrenasanextensionofourselves,soifyou’resayingthatmychildisbehavinginappropriately,thenthat’ssomehowacriticismofme.”

　　Inthosecircumstances,it’sdifficulttoknowwhethertoapproachthechilddirectlyortheparentfirst.Therearetwoschoolsofthought.

　　“I’dgotothechildfirst,”saysAndrewFuller,authorofTrickyKids.Usuallyaquietreminderthat’wedon’tdothathere’isenough.Kidsnavefinelytunedantennae（直觉）forhowtobehaveindifferentsettings.”

　　Hepointsoutbringingitupwiththeparentfirstmaymakethemfeelneglectful,whichcouldcauseproblems.Ofcourse,approachingthechildfirstcanbringitsownheadaches,too.

　　ThisiswhyWhiterecommendsthatyouapproachtheparentsfirst.Raiseyourconcernswiththeparentsifthey’rethereandaskthemtodealwithit,”shesays.

　　Askedhowtoapproachaparentinthissituation,psychologistMeredithFulleranswers:

”Explainyourneedsaswellasstressingtheimportanceofthefriendship.Prefaceyourremarkswithsomethinglike:

’Iknowyou’llthinkI’msillybutinmyhouseIdon’twant…’”　　Whenitcomestosituationswhereyou’recaringforanotherchild,whiteisstraightforward:

“commonsensemustprevail.Ifthingsdon’tgowell,thenhaveachat.”

　　There’reacoupleofnewgreyareas.Physicalpunishment,onceacceptedfromanyadult,isnolongerappropriate.“Anewsetofconsiderationshascometotheforeaspartofthedebateabouthowwehandlechildren.”

　　ForAndrewFuller,thechild-centricnatureofoursocietyhasaffectedeveryone:

”Therulesaredifferentnowfromwhentoday’sparentsweregrowingup,”hesays,“Adultsarescaredofsaying:

’don’tswear’,oraskingachildtostanduponabus.They’reworriedthattherewillbeconflictiftheypointthesethingsout–eitherfromolderchildren,ortheirparents.”

　　Heseesitasalossofthesenseofcommonpublicgoodandpubliccourtesy（礼貌）,andsaysthatadultssufferformitasmuchaschild.

　　MeredithFulleragrees:

“Acodeofconductishardtocreatewhenyou’relivinginaworldinwhicheveryoneisexhaustedfromoverworkandlackofsleep,andaworldinwhichnicepeopleareperceivedtofinishlast.”

　　“it’saboutwhatI’mdoingandwhatIneed,”AndrewFullersays.”thedayswhenakidcamehomefromschoolandsaid,“Igotintotrouble”.Anddadsaid,‘youprobablydeservedit’.Areover.Nowtheparentsarecharginguptotheschooltohaveagoatteachers.”

　　Thisjumpingtoourchildren’sdefenseispartofwhatfuelsthe“walkingoneggshells”feelingthatsurroundsourdealingswithotherpeople’schildren.Youknowthatifyouremonstrate（劝诫）withthechild,you’regoingtohavetodealwiththeparent.it’sadmirabletobeprotectiveofourkids,butisitgood?

　　“Childrenhavetolearntonegotiatetheworldontheirown,withinreasonableboundaries,”Whitesays.“Isuspectthatit’sonlycertainsectorsofthepopulationdoingtherunningtotheschool–better–educatedparentsareprobablymorelikelytobetooinvolved.”

　　Whitebelievesournotionsofamorechild-centred,it’sawayoftalkingabouttreatingourchildrenlikecommodities（商品）.We’recentredonthembutinwaysthatreflectpositivelyonus.Wetreatthemasobjectswhoseappearanceandachievementsaresomethingwecanbeproudof,ratherthanservethebestinterestsofthechildren.”

　　Onewayover-worked,under-resourcedparentsshowcommitmenttotheirchildrenistoleaptotheirdefence.Backatthepark,Bianchi’sintervention（干预）onherson’sbehalfendedinanundignifiedexchangeofinsultingwordswiththeotherboy’smother.

　　AsBianchiapproachedtheparkbenchwhereshe’dbeensitting,othermumscameuptoherandcongratulatedherontakingastand.“Apparentlytheboyhadalongstandingreputationforbadbehaviourandhismumforevenworsebehaviourifhewaschallenged.”

　　AndrewFullerdoesn’tbelievethatweshouldbeafraidofdealingwithotherpeople’skids.“lookatkidsthataren’tyourownasapotentialminefield,”hesays.Herecommendsthatwedon’tstaysilentoverinappropriatebehaviour,particularlywithregularvisitors.

　　注意：

此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

　　1.WhatdidStellaBianchiexpecttheyoungboy’smothertodowhenshetalkedtohim?

　　A）makeanapology

　　B）comeovertointervene

　　C）disciplineherownboy

　　D）takeherownboyaway

　　2.Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutdealingwithotherpeople’schildren?

　　A）it’simportantnottohurttheminanyway

　　B）it’snousetryingtostoptheirwrongdoing

　　C）it’sadvisabletotreatthemasone’sownkids

　　D）it’spossibleforonetogetintolotsoftrouble

　　3.AccordingtoprofessorNaomiwhiteofMonashuniversity,whenone’skidsarecriticized,theirparentswillprobablyfeel

　　A）discouraged

　　B）hurt

　　C）puzzled

　　D）overwhelmed

　4.Whatshouldonedowhenseeingotherpeople’skidsmisbehaveaccordingtoAndrewfuller?

　　A）talktothemdirectlyinamildway

　　B）complaintotheirparentspolitely

　　C）simplyleavethemalone

　　D）punishthemlightly

　　5.Duetothechild-centricnatureofoursociety,

　　A）parentsareworriedwhentheirkidsswearatthem

　　B）peoplethinkitimpropertocriticizekidsinpublic

　　C）peoplearereluctanttopointourkids’wrongdoings

　　D）manyconflictsarisebetweenparentsandtheirkids

　　6.Inaworldwhereeveryoneisexhaustedfromoverworkandlackofsleep,.

　　A）it’seasyforpeopletobecomeimpatient

　　B）it’sdifficulttocreateacodeofconduct

　　C）it’simportanttobefriendlytoeverybody

　　D）it’shardforpeopletoadmireeachother

　　7.Howdidpeopleusetorespondwhentheirkidsgotintotroubleatschool?

　　A）they’dquestiontheteachers

　　B）they’dchargeuptotheschool

　　C）they’dtellthekidstoclamdown

　　D）They’dputtheblameontheirkids

　　8.Professorwhitebelievesthatthenotionsofamorechild-centredsocietyshouldbechallenged.

　　9.Accordingtoprofessorwhite,today’sparentstreattheirchildrenassomethingtheycanbeproudof.

　　10.Andrewfullersuggeststhat,whenkidsbehaveinappropriately,peopleshouldnotstaysilent.

　　PartIIIListeningComprehension

　　SectionA

　　Directions:

Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,oneormorequestionswillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Aftereachquestiontherewillbeapause.Duringthepause,youmustreadthefourchoicesmarkedA）,B）,C）andD）,anddecidewhichisthebestanswer.ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2with