湖南省高考英语完形填空二解题指导课件对应的学生讲义.docx

湖南省高考英语完形填空二解题指导课件对应的学生讲义.docx

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湖南省高考英语完形填空二解题指导课件对应的学生讲义

湖南高考英语完型填空（Ⅱ）应试方法与技巧

一、题型解读

英语语言知识的第三节为完型填空（II），本节侧重考查考生语感以及语言的衔接、连贯、结构等语言知识运用的能力。

分析此措辞，再比较完形填空第一节和第二节，可知：

1.从考查的内容来看，第一节侧重考查词汇在语篇、语境中运用,关键词是“语义”；而第二节考查功能语法，即侧重于考词汇在篇章中的交际功能,关键词是“衔接,连贯”。

2.从题型的形式看，第一节给定四个选项供考生选择，其中有一个正确选项；而第二节只给出空缺，没有选项，要求考生根据语境和自己已有的语法与词汇知识来填空，这对考生的语言知识的提取和运用能力提出了更高的要求。

3.单词的拼写能力和词形变换能力也是一个很重要的考查方向。

二、命题特点

共8个小题，每题1.5分，满分12分。

要求7分钟内完成。

短文长度150~240词，设空平均间距17词左右，考查语境，侧重运用。

尽量避免名词和动词，答案不一定唯一。

三、能力要求

有篇章结构意识,在语境和语篇中理解句子内部结构,找出句与句、段与段之间的内容联系,把握细微区别.具体体现在：

1.Theabilityofreadingdiscourse阅读/理解语篇的能力2.Analysisofsentencestructure分析句子结构的能力3.Theabilitytousegrammar熟练运用语法的能力思考：

面对新完形填空如此繁杂的语法点，我们到底该怎么入手呢？

What’stheusualwayyoufulfillthetask?

我们在做完形填空

（二）时,可以从词性、词形两方面入手。

一．根据句子结构，确定词性

e.g.（angry）

（1）Helooked__________atthechildren.

（2）Helooked_________atthenewsontheradio.

二．根据上下文意义及语法，确定词形

技巧1：

词性

1）缺冠词

e.g.Thecollegeentranceexaminationiscoming,myparentspromise:

1）IfIgethighmarksintheexam,Ishallhave____iphoneas____prize.2）Theywillgiveme____bigsurprise.

3）Ofallthesubjects,IlikeEnglishbestbecauseitgivesus_____usefulknowledgeofit.4）ButmymoodquicklychangedwhenIsaw____firstquestion.

2）缺代词

e.g.1）.Let’sstartnottoeatsnakeanymore,because“toprotectthesnakeistoprotect_________”.2）.___isamazingthatIwonthefirstprizeinthecompetition.

3）.Getinthehabitofrememberingpeople’snamesandusing_____often.4）.Iwanttofindahousewithabeautifulgarden,butIstillhaven’tfound___Ilikeyet.

3）缺介词

e.g.1）_____alotofworktodo,heleftschoolveryearly.2）Infact,choosingeco-fashioncanalsocontribute___ourpersonalhealth…3）ThiswasaroundthetimethatIwasgettingtobelarger____sizethanmyfather…4）Inshort,Ibelievethatitis___greatusetokeepadiaryinEnglish.

4）缺形容词或副词

e.g.1）Whenwegotthere,toourdisappointment,wefoundthesituationwasmuch______thanexpected.2）Iimmediatelyfelt_________ofmyviolent（暴力的）behavior.

3）OftheMP3webought,mineisthe__________.Itonlycostme100yuan.4）Animalsandplantsaredisappearingmanytimesfaster______ theyhaveinthepast65millionyears.

5）缺连词

e.g.1）See______yoursonhasdone.2）I’llneverforgetthedays_____Ilivedinthefactorywiththeworkers,______isagreathelptomyarticle.3）Afterthewar,anewschoolbuildingwassetup______therehasoncebeenatheatre.4）_______thisisincludedingoodeducation,thechildrenwillsurelyhaveabrightfuture.

5）Iwas___upsetthatIviolentlyripped（撕破）itfrommychest!

6）Itwasonlythen____herealizedhisownmistake.7）Anestistoabird______ahousetoaman.8）Iwasonthepointofleaving_____itrained.9）_____Hemingwayputsit,“Lifebreaksusall,butafterwards,manyofusarestrongestatthebrokenplaces.”

6）缺连接词

e.g.1）HehasanhighIQ,_______,hefailedinschool2）Humanactivityoftenchangesordestroysthehabitatsthatplantsandanimalsneedtosurvive.

   humanpopulationsaregrowingsofast.

3）Insomecases,competitionforresourcesamonganimalsledtoextinctionandin   cases,

environmentalchangescausedextinction.

技巧二词形

英语和汉语最大的不同在于英语有词形变化。

词形变化主要涉及动词、代词、形容词、副词和名词。

当确定所填的词是名词时，就要考虑是可数还是不可数名词，是单数还是复数名词。

形容词有原级、比较级和最高级。

如果是动词就要更加小心。

首先要判断是谓语动词还是非谓语动词，主动还是被动，是现在分词还是过去分词，还是不定式。

代词则要考虑是主格还是宾格。

e.g.1.Chinais______thanJapaninsize.

2.Oneofthe_______giftchoicesIevermadewasformyhigh

schoolEnglishteacher,whichmadehimveryunhappy.

3.Thelittleboypulled______righthandoutofthepocket…

1.Theabilityofreadingdiscourse阅读/理解语篇的能力1）.Later,Iseemedtohearfarawayvoicessayingthatmyright______wasbroken.Ialmostburstintotears.How

wouldIeverplaythepianoagain?

2）.Manyoldpeopledon’thavegood________.Theycan’twatchTV,buttheycanlistentothemusic.

3）.ManyAfricansarevery______,sotheycan’taffordtobuymuchmeat.

2.Analysisofsentencestructure分析句子结构的能力1）.Itwasonlythen____herealizedhisownmistake.

2）.Hewenttoworkearlyinthemorning,_______hissonathomealone.

3.Theabilitytousegrammar熟练运用语法的能力1）.________amazedusmostwasthatthelittlegirlcouldplaythepianosowell.

2）.Inshort,Ibelievethatitis____greatusetokeepadairyinEnglish…

3）.Thereoncewasagoatandadonkey….Sothefarmerkilled_____goatandgavethedonkeymedicinemadefromitsheart.

【模拟试题演练】

WhenyoutakeawalkinanyofthecitiesintheWest,youoftenseealotofpeoplewalkingdogs.

1.isstilltruethatadogisthe2.usefulandfaithfulanimalintheworld,3.____

thereasonwhypeoplekeepadoghaschanged.Intheolddayspeopleusedtotraindogstoprotectthemselvesagainstanimalattacks.Andlatertheycametorealizethatadogwasnot4.usefulforprotectionbutwillingtoobeyhismaster.Butnowpeopleinthecityneednotprotectthemselvesagainstattacksofanimals.5.dotheykeepdogs,then?

Somepeoplekeepdogstoprotectthemselvesfromrobbery.Butthemostimportantreasonis6.companionship.Adogishisbestfriendfor7.______childwhenhehasnofriendstoplaywith.Foryoungcouples,adogistheirchildwhentheyhave8.______children.Foroldcouples,adogisalsotheirchildwhentheirrealchildrenhavegrownup.

【总结】解题四步走：

1通读全文,理解大意2分析句子,确定词性3根据语义,确定词形

4检查搭配,前后连贯

【即学即用】

1用恰当的介词填空:

1.Wecongratulatedherhersuccess.

2.Howmuchtimedoyouspendpronunciationeveryweek?

3.Pleaseremindherthemeetingwhenyouseeher.

4.Thatdependsmuchhowwelookatit.

5.Haveyoudecidedthedatefortheconference?

6.Doyouthinkhewillagreeourusinghisroom?

7.Suchexchangeofvisitswillnaturallyleadbetterunderstandingandcontributepeace.

8.Ihopeyoucouldhelpmemypronunciation.

9.Idon’tobjectyourdoingitinyourownway.

10.Myviewisquitesimilaryours.

11.Theyareshortmanpower.

12.Hewassittingtherelostthought.

13.Weareallverygratefulyouwhatyouhavedoneforus.

14.AtthattimewehadlittleideatheimportanceoflearningEnglish.

15.Ourculturaltiesothernationswillbefurtherstrengthened.

16.Atanearlyageshealreadyshowedatalentmusic.

17.Wearemakingaplanthereconstructionoftheroad.

18.Ididn’tbreakthewindowpurpose;Ibrokeitaccident.

19.Ourteacherisalwaysstrict_____us_____ourhomework.

20.Tomhasbeencharged______robberyandisbeingquestioned_____thepolicenow.

21.Ioweit_____myteacherthatIpassedthecollegeentranceexam.

22.Itisreallyapitythattheoldmandied_____hisworksunfinished.

23.Atthistimeofnight,thestreetsareempty_____traffic.

24._____thetimeyougraduatefrommiddleschool,youwillhavelearned3000Englishwords.

25._____enteringthetallbuilding,heheardasharpcrycomingoutofit,whichbroughthishearttohismouth.

26.Hereisatasksetforyouandyoushouldfinishit_____yourown.

2选择下列适当的词或短语填空：

and,or,but,for,however,yet,therefore,nor,while,though,thus,both…and,either…or,neither…nor,whether…or,aswellas,and…aswell,orrathernotonly…butalso,ratherthan

1.MrJonesisprincipal（校长）oftheschool,anexpertintranslation.

2.Heclosedthewindow,turnedoffthelightlefttheroom.

3.KarlMarxwasborninGermany,Germanwashisnativelanguage.

4.Pressthebuttonthedooropensbyitself.

5.MaryisinterestedinmusicJimisfondofsports.

6.They’vefinishedhalfofit,that’snotbad.

7.Thechildrencangowithus,theycanstayathome.

8.Thisisahot-housegreenhouse.

9.Eachcaseweighsoneandahalftonsmore.

10.Makeupyourownmind,you’llmissthechance.

11.Hehasn’tarrived.Hemay,,comelater.

12.Thechildwassick;he,,didn’tgotoschool.

13.Hecamehomeverylatelastnight,veryearlythismorning.

14.Althoughhewasill,hemanagedtolookcheerful.

15.Wemuststartearly,wehavealongwaytogo.

16.Theyoungmanhasoftenbeenpraised,heisneverconceited.

17.ourcountryhasplentyofoil,theirshasnone.

18.Hepromisedtophone,Iheardnothing,.

19.Wehavefailed.Wehavetotaketheconsequences（结果）.

20.MrsCoxiskindgentletoherpupils.

21.Shewascompelled（被迫）tostayathome,shewasforbiddentoseeherfriends.

22.Iremainedsilent,didhespeakasingleword.

23.hashecalledonher,willhedoso.

24.dogs,cats,micewerefoundinthehouse.

25._______inschoolathome,she’salwayscheerful.

26.Youcandoitbyyourself,youcanasksomeoneelsetodoit.

27.Communistsshouldsetanexampleinstudy;atalltimestheyshouldbepupilsofthemasses（群众）theirteachers.

28.I’vereadafewofhisplays,oneofhisnovels.

29.goingdirectlyhome,shehadturnedwalkingintotheafternoonthickness.

30----HowiseverythinggoingonwithyouinEurope?

   ----Quitewell.NotsosmoothlyasIhoped,_________.

3选用正确的连接词填空

that,who,whom,whose,what,which,whoever,whomever,whatever,whichever,wherever,when,where,when,why,how,if,whether

1．thedrivercouldnotcontrolhiscarwasobvious.

2.Isitanywonderelectroniccomputersaresometimescalled“thinkingmachines?

3.Iparticularlydislikeaboutthistransaction（交易）is

itisreallydishonest

4.Hegotuptoolatewiththeresulthemissedthemorningtrain.

5．thebookwillselldependsontheauthor.

6.Idon’tcareshedoesn’tcome.

7.Ican’tmakeupmymindshouldbeaskedtospeakfirst.

8.Myoriginalquestion,hediditatall,hasnotbeenanswered.

9.Iwasn’tcertainhouseIwasin.

10.Ihaven’tdecidedofthemIshouldtakewithtotheparty.

11.Eatoneyoulikeandleavetheot