英语高考英语阅读理解解题技巧和训练方法及练习题含答案.docx
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英语高考英语阅读理解解题技巧和训练方法及练习题含答案
（英语）高考英语阅读理解解题技巧和训练方法及练习题（含答案）
一、高中英语阅读理解
1．阅读理解
Bambooisoneoftheworld'smostusefulplants.Forthousandsofyears,bamboohasbeenusedinmanydifferentways-fromfoodtomedicinetoclothingand,insmallways,asabuildingmaterial.
However,bambooisnotoftenusedasabuildingmaterialinthedevelopedworld.AprofessorattheUniversityofPittsburghinPennsylvaniaistryingtochangethat.Theprofessorandhisstudentsaretestingthestrengthofbamboo.Theyaretestinghowmuchpressureorweightitcantakebeforebreaking.
KentHarriesisaprofessorattheUniversityofPittsburgh.Harriessaysthattestingmethodsforbambooneedtobethesameforall.Theyneedtobestandardized.Standardizingtestmethodsforbamboowillhelptobringtheplantintocommonuse.Itwillalsogiveengineersandbuildersaroundtheworldadependablestandard.
Harriessaysthatbambooisstronginnature.Thestrengthofatleastthreespeciesofbambooissimilartosteel.Besidesitsstrength,bamboohasotherfeaturesthatmakeitveryusefulinbuilding.Hesaysitisresilient（有弹力的）,meaningitkeepsitsshapeandstrengthevenunderpressure.
Bambooalsogrowsquickly.Bamboothatissuitableforconstructionneedsmuchlessresourcesthanwood.Theharvestcycleofbambooisabout3years.Softwoodssuchascedar,pineandsprucehaveaharvestcycleofabout10years.Andhardwoodsthatcomefromfloweringplantssuchasoakandwalnutneedmorethan30years.
Bambooiswidelyusedasfoodforpandabears.Itisalsousedforflooringandwindowcovers.However,forbuilding,bambooisnotusedmuchoutsideitsnativegrowingarea.Thisismostlybecauseofitsroundshape.Butthereareotherreasonstoo.Peoplethink--orhavethementality--thatbambooisalowqualitybuildingmaterial.
（1）Whatistheauthormainlytalkingaboutinthepassage?
A. Makebambooacommonbuildingmaterial.
B. Takeadvantageofbambooinoureveryday.
C. Considerbambootobeacommonplant.
D. Usebambootoreplacebuildingmaterials.
（2）WhatisthepurposeofwhatKentHarriesandhisstudentsdid?
A. Toprovewhatisthemostusefulplant.
B. Tointroducebambootothedevelopedworld.
C. Togiveengineersandbuilderssomeadvice.
D. Tomakesureofthestrengthofbamboo.
（3）WhatdoesHarriesthinkofbamboointhepassage?
A. Harriesseesbambooasagreatbuildingmaterial.
B. Harriesthinksbambooisasstrongassteel.
C. HarriesseesbambooasthemostidealPlant.
D. Harriesthinksbamboohasthereliableshape.
（4）Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?
A. Bambooisanenvironmentallyfriendlybuildingmaterial.
B. Bamboomaterialwillgotothemarketinthesoonfuture.
C. Hardwoodsaremuchmorepopularthansoftwoods.
D. Bamboogrowsnotonlyfasterbuttakesuplessspace.
【答案】
（1）A
（2）D
（3）A
（4）A
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了竹子是世界上最有用的植物之一。
几千年来，竹子被广泛地应用于各个方面，然而，在发达国家，竹子并没有经常地被应用于建筑领域。
KentHarries教授试图改变这一点。
他和他的学生们测试了竹子的受压力量。
KentHarries教授认为是一种很好的建筑材料。
（1）考查主旨大意。
本文讲述了KentHarries和他的学生所做的实验，实验的目的是测试竹子能否当作建筑材料来使用。
故选A。
（2）考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“Theprofessorandhisstudentsaretestingthestrengthofbamboo．”可知，教授和他的学生做实验的目的是测试竹子的承受力，故选D。
（3）考查细节理解。
根据第四段可知，KentHarries认为竹子结实、有弹力、能承受压力，是有用的建筑材料，由此可知他的观点是竹子是种很好的建筑材料。
故选A。
（4）考查推理判断。
根据倒数第二段可知，竹子长得很快，其生长为三年，而针叶木材则需10年，阔叶树时间更长，由此可知，竹子是种很环保的建筑材料。
故选A。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和主旨大意三个题型的考查，是一篇科普类阅读，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。
2．阅读理解
Anxietyhasnowsurpasseddepressionasthemostcommonmentalhealthdiseaseamongcollegestudents,thoughdepression,too,isontherise.Morethanhalfofstudentsvisitingcampusclinicsciteanxietyasahealthconcern,accordingtoarecentstudyofmorethan100,000studentsnationwidebytheCenterforCollegiateMentalHealthatPennState.Nearlyoneinsixcollegestudentshasbeendiagnosedwithortreatedforanxietywithinthelast12months,accordingtotheannualnationalsurveybytheAmericanCollegeHealthAssociation.
Thecausesrangewidely,expertssay,frommountingacademicpressureatearlieragestooverprotectiveparentstoengagementwithsocialmedia.Anxietyhasalwaysplayedaroleinthedevelopmentofastudent'slife,butnowmorestudentsexperienceanxietysoacutethattheyareseekingprofessionalhelp.Likemanycollegeclinics,theCenterforCounselingandPsychologicalServicesattheUniversityofCentralFlorida（UCF）—oneofthecountry'slargestandfastest-growinguniversities,hasseensharpincreasesinthenumberofclients:
15.2percentoverlastyearalone.
Anxietyhasbecomecharacteristicofthecurrentgenerationofcollegestudents,saidDanJones,thedirectorofCounselingandPsychologicalServicesatAppalachianStateUniversityinBoone,N.C.Becauseofincreasinglypressuresduringhighschool,heandotherexpertssay,studentsarriveatcollegepreloadedwithstress.Accustomedtoextremeparentaloversight,manyseemunabletogovernthemselves.Andwithparentssoaccessible,studentshavehadlessincentivetodeveloplifeskills.“Theycan'ttoleratediscomfortorhavingtostruggle,”DrJonessaid.
Moreoften,anxietyismildandtemporary,theindicationofastudentunderthecontrolofanormaldevelopmentalissue-learningtimemanagement,forexample,orhowtohandlerejectionfromasorority.Mildanxietyisoftentreatablewithearly,modestinterventions.Buttocareforrisingnumbersofseverelytroubledstudents,manycounselingcentershavemovedtotriageprotocols（分诊措施）.Thatmeansthatstudentswithlessurgentneedsmaywaitseveralweeksforfirstappointments.
Likemanycollegecounselingcenters,UCFhasdesignedavarietyofdailyworkshopsandtherapygroupsthatimplicitlyandexplicitlyaddressanxiety,depressionandtheirtriggers.Nextfallthecenterwilltestanewappfortreatinganxietywithaseven-modulecognitivebehavioralprogram,accessiblethroughastudent'sphoneandaugmentedwithbriefvideoconferenceswithatherapist.Italsoofferssemester-long,90-minuteweeklytherapygroups,suchas“KeepingCalmandinControl”,“MindfulnessforDepression”and“BuildingSocialConfidence”-forstudentsstrugglingwithsocialanxiety.
（1）Whichofthefollowingcontributestoanxietyaccordingtothetext?
A. Protectionfromteachers.
B. Anappinstudents'phones.
C. Increasinglylearningpressure. D. Managementoftimelearning.
（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword“incentive”inParagraph3probablymean?
A. Prevention.
B. Motivation.
C. Acquisition.
D. Direction.
（3）What'sthepurposeofthosetherapygroupsmentionedinthelastparagraph?
A. Tohelpstudentssufferinganxiety.
B. Totestwhatsocialanxietyis.
C. TointroducethecognitivebehavioralprogramofUCF.
D. Toemphasizetheimportanceofcalmandconfidence.
（4）Whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthetext?
A. Tipsondealingwithanxiety
B. Causesofanxietyanddepression
C. Differentmentaldiseasesthreatencollegestudents
D. Collegementalhealthcentersoverburdenedwithanxiousstudents
【答案】
（1）C
（2）B
（3）A
（4）D
【解析】【分析】焦虑症已经超越抑郁症成为大学生中最常见的心理健康问题，文章分析焦虑可能产生的原因，以及某些大学为此采取的措施。
（1）细节理解题。
根据第二段内容Thecausesrangewidely,expertssay,frommountingacademicpressureatearlieragestooverprotectiveparentstoengagementwithsocialmedia（专家称焦虑症的原因多种多样，从早年积累下来的学业压力、家长的过度保护到对社交媒体的强迫性依赖）可知，C项（增加的学习压力）会导致焦虑，故选C。
（2）词义猜测题。
根据上句内容Accustomedtoextremeparentaloversight,manyseemunabletogovernthemselves.（很多学生都习惯于父母无微不至的监督，几乎没有自制能力。
）故这里递进的句子Andwithparentssoaccessible,studentshavehadlessincentivetodeveloplifeskills.（由于家长总在身边，学生们普遍缺乏学习独立生活技能的________。
），B项“动力”最符合语境，故划线单词意思为“动力”，选B。
（3）细节理解题。
根据本段表述的内容：
像许多大学的心理咨询中心一样，U.C.F.也设置了多种日常研讨会和治疗小组，以直接或间接的方式解决焦虑、抑郁问题及其触发源。
明年秋天，该中心将对一种新的拥有七个模块的认知行为疗法应用程序进行测试，学生可以通过手机获取该应用，并可与治疗师进行简短的视频谈话。
故这些治疗小组的目的时为了帮助那些患焦虑症的学生。
故选A。
（4）主旨大意题。
通读全文可看出，文章介绍了焦虑症已经成为美国大学生中最常见心理问题，大学的心理咨询中心已经超负荷，故选D作为标题最合适。
3．阅读理解
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