届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文话题10篇训练之一13页word版.docx

届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文话题10篇训练之一13页word版.docx

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届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文话题10篇训练之一13页word版

2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文话题10篇训练之一

[一]

ThereisalmostnoguncontrolintheUnitedStates.Almostanybodycanbuyandcarryagun,withouthavingtoregisterwiththepolice.Andgunsarecheap.Foraslittleas＄5.00youcanbuya“SaturdayNightSpecial”.ThislittlegungotitsnamebecausemoremurdershappenonSaturdaynightthanatanyothertime.Becauseitissoeasytogetagun,therearemorethan40millionhandgunsintheUnitedStates.Thisnumberisincreasingby2.5millioneveryyear.Someofthesegunswillprotectbusinessmenfrombeingrobbed.Butotherswillhavekilledover10,000Americansthisyear.

Inthecities,moreandmorecrimesarecommittedwithguns.Peoplearefrightenedandworried.Theyareaskingformoregovernmentcontrolofguns.TheHouseofRepresentativesSub-committeeonCrimeislookingatmorethanahundredandfiftybillstocontrolguns.Probably,noneofthesebillswillbecomelaw.

Thereareanumberofreasonsforthis.Americanshavealwaysbeenallowedtoownguns.Whenthecountrywasyoung,gunswerenecessarytools.ThefirstsettlershadtohuntfortheirfoodandprotectthemselvesfromRedIndian’sattacks.Theyalsohadtoprotectthemselvesfromthievesandkillers;therewasnopoliceforceinthe“WildWest”.Americagrewupwithguns,andnowitseemsthatitwillalsodiewithguns,butmanypeoplewanttokeepthem.GunsareimportanttomanyAmericans.Theydonotwantlawstostopthemfromowningguns.Theydonotevenwantgun-ownerstohavetoregistertheirnameswiththepolice.Theysaythatlawslikethislimittheirfreedomtoomuch.

Manycitizensbelongtohuntingclubsandshootingclubs.Theyusetheirgunsforsportandtargetpractice.TheNationalRifleAssociationhasoveramillionmembers.Thisorganizationdoesnotwantanylawspassedagainstgunsofanykind.ManymembersoftheAssociationarebankpresidentsandtopexecutivesinbigcompanies.Theyhavealotofmoney,powerandinfluenceinWashington.Theyhavestoppedalotoflawsevenagainsthandguns.Thisisastrangeattitudeforasportingclub.AsMayorRichardDaleyofChicagosays：

“Youdon’tseesomeoneshootingrabbitswithahandgun.Theonlythingyouhuntishumanbeings.”

21.SaturdayNightSpecialis.

A.thenameofanightclub.

B.thenameofaneveningschool

C.thenameofananimal.

D.thenameofalittlegun.

22.Iftherewere40millionhandgunsin1980,therewouldbehandgunsthenextyear.

A.4,250,000B.40,000,000C.42,500,000D.420,500,000

23.WhichisNOTthereasonwhyAmericansareallowedtoownguns?

A.Thecountrywasyoung.

B.Thefirstsettlershadtohuntfortheirfood.

C.TheyhadtoprotectthemselvesfromRedIndian’sattack.

D.Theyhadtoprotectthemselvesfromthievesandkillers.

24.Theyuseahandgunto.

A.shootrabbitsB.shoototherpeopleC.practiceshootingD.shoottheenemyinthewar

25.Thereisnolawtocontrolguns.Thereasonisprobablythat.

A.Manypresidentsareagainstthelaw.

B.Gunscostalotofmoney.

C.Gunshavemuchpower.

D.Someimportantpeoplestoppedalotoflawsagainsthandguns.

参考答案：

21.D细节理解题。

从第一段第五句中可以看出。

22.C数字计算题。

根据第一段第七句可以推算出。

23.A细节理解题。

根据第三段第二句，A项只是表明的时间，而不是原因。

24.B细节理解题。

根据全文最后一句话可以得知。

25.D细节理解题。

从第四段第六、七句中可以得知。

[二]

Comparedtouniversitiesandcolleges,communitycollegesintheUnitedStatesarequitedifferent.Theprogramsofstudyinthecommunitycollegeusuallylastonlytwoyears.Manydifferentsubjectsaretaughtinthecommunitycollege.Butnotallsubjects.Notallofthesubjectsaretaughtinthecommunitycollege.Notallofthesubjectsaretheusualschoolsubjects.Thecommunitycollegemaygivecoursesindental（oftheteeth）technology,automechanics,sewing,andmanyothernonacademicsubjects.Thecommunitycollegemayalsohavecoursesintheregularacademicsubjectslikescience,math,languages,literature,andothercoursesinthehumanities.

Manydifferenttypesofstudentsstudyatcommunitycolleges.Notallstudentshaveahighschooldiploma.Manystudentsareadultswithchildren,andsometimeswithgrandchildren,oftheirown.Thecommunitycollegeservesthecommunity,andanyonewholivesnearbymaygo.Whencommunitycollegestudentscompleteatwo-yearprogram,theyreceiveanassociateofartsorassociateofsciencedegree.Theymaythengotoacollegeoruniversityfortwomoreyearstogetthebachelor’sdegree.However,thestudentmaygetajobinstead,orjuststopgoingtoschool.

Communitycollegesarenearlyalwayspubliclyfunded,bythestate,country,orcitygovernment.Theyarenotusuallyfundedbyreligiousgroups.

Thecommunitycollegegivestrainingforavarietyofjobs,andalsohasanacademicprogram.Thetechnicalorvocationalschool,however,hasonlyjobtraining.Itsprogramsmaylastashorttimeoralongtime.Someprogramstakesixmonths,whileotherprogramsmaytaketwoyearsormoretocomplete.

21.Thispassagemainlytalksabout.

A.universitiesintheUnitedStates

B.collegesintheUnitedStates

C.communitycollegesintheUnitedStates

D.highschoolsintheUnitedStates

22.Thestudentsinacommunitycollegeusuallystudyfor.

A.oneyearB.twoyears

C.threeyearsD.fouryears

23.Thestudentsinacommunitycollege.

Amusthaveahighschooldiploma.

B.mustnothaveahighschooldiploma.

C.maynothaveahighschooldiploma.

D.mayhaveabachelor’sdegree

24.Manystudentsinacommunitycollegeare.

A.boysandgirlsB.fathersandmothers

C.grandfathersandgrandmothersD.bothBandC

25.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

A.Thecommunitycollegeonlygivestrainingforavarietyofjobs.

B.Thecommunitycollegeonlyhasanacademicprogram.

C.bothAandB

D.eitherAorB

参考答案：

21.C主旨大意题。

全文主要讲的是communitycollege的方方面面。

22.B细节理解题。

从第一段第二句中可以看出。

23.C细节理解题。

从第二段第二句中可以看出。

24.D细节理解题。

从第二段第三句中可以看出。

25.C细节理解题。

从最后一段第一句中可以看出。

[三]

TheSaharaDesertisthelargestdesertintheworld.ItisnearlyaslargeastheUnitedStates.ThisvastdesertliesacrossthenorthernpartofAfrica.

TherearedifferentkindsoflandintheSahara.Onekindisloosesandthatdriftswiththewind.Anotherkindisgravel.Therearegreatstretchesoflandcoveredwithsmallstones.Therearehillyregionswhichareveryrocky.

TheSaharaisadryplace.Itseldomrainsthere.Thesunisscorchinghot.Thetemperaturecangoashighas130°.TheaverageinJulyis100°ormore.Itismuchcooleratnightthaninthedaytime.

Fiercewindsoftenblowacrossthelandcausingsandstorms.Thepeopletrytofindshelterduringasandstorm.Iftheycan'tfindshelter,theywraptheirheadsintheirclothing.

Nothinggrowsontheselandsexceptpatchesofcoarsegrassandlittlebushes.Thesegrowonlyincertainspots.Thebushesaresmallandscrubby.Theyhaverootslongenoughtoreachdeepdownintotheearthofwater

TheoasesaretheonlyreallybrightspotsintheSaharaDesert.Hereandthere,adeepspringorwellbringswatertoasmallpieceofground.Insuchplace,thegrassisgreenandplantsgrowverywell.Thepeoplewholiveinthedesertarecallednomads.Theymaketheirlivingbykeepingherdsofcamels,goats,orsheep.Theseanimalseatthecoarsegrassofshrubsthatgrowonoases.Thisgrassdoesn'tlastlong.Whenitisalleaten,thenomadsandtheirfamiliestravelonuntiltheycanfindanotherspotthathasfoodfortheiranimals.Theykeepmovingoverthedesertfromplacetoplace.Thenomadsliveintents.Forclothingthenomadwearsaloosewoolenrobe.Onhisheadhewearsaroundwoolcap,andoverthisabrighthandkerchief.Heusuallywearscamelhidesandalstoprotecthisfeetfromthehotsand.Thesepeopleeatmostlydates,camel'smilk,cheese,andsometimescoarsebread.

Formanyyearsthecamelhasbeenthechiefmeansoftravelacrossthedesert.Hecangoformanydayswithoutdrinkingoreating.Hekeepsmostofhiswaterbecausehedoesnotloseitbysweatingitout.

Thecamelcandrawuponfatstoredinhishumpforfood.Hehasapadonthebottomofeachbroadfootthatkeepshimfromsinkingintothedeepsand.Althoughdonkeysarealsousedinthedesert,thecamelhasalwaysbeenthefavoriteofthedeserttraveler.

21．growsintheSaharaDesert.

A.NothingB.Patchesofcoarsegrass

C.LittlebushesD.bothBandC

22.ItrainsintheSaharaDesert.

A.neverB.hardlyC.sometimesD.often

23.IntheSaharaDesertwatercanbebroughtfromtosmallpiecesofground.

A.theriverB.thelakeC.thepoolD.thewell

24.Thepeoplelivinginthedeserteatallofthefollowingexcept.

A.cheeseB.coarsebreadC.themeatofcamelsD.dates

25.Thereasonwhythecamelcangoformanydayswithoutdrinkingisthat.

A.Itdoesn’tsweat.B.Itcanfetchwaterfromtheair.

C.Itcangetwaterfromundertheearth.D.Itcanmakewaterbyitself.

参考答案

21.D细节理解题。

从第五段第一句中可以看出。

22.B细节理解题。

从第三段第二句中可以看出。

23.D细节理解题。

从第六段第二句中可以看出。

24.C细节理解题。

从第六段最后一句中可以看出。

25.A细节理解题。

从第七段最后一句中可以看出。

[四]

BuildersofYangtzeRiverprojectcongratulated

Beijing,January5（Xinhua）—TheCentralCommitteeoftheChineseCommunistPartyandtheStateCouncilinajointmessagehaveurgedbuildersofthehugeGezhoubaProjectontheYangtzeRivertocontinueworkinghardtoensurethatpowergenerationwillbeginthisyear.

Themessagewassentshortlyaftertheturbulent（汹涌的）flowoftheYangtze,China’slargestriver,wasstemmed（拦截）yesterdayeveningtofacilitate（推进）thecompletionofa2,561-meter-longdam,onwhichtwopowerstationswithatotalgeneratingcapacityof2,715,000kilowattsarebeingbuilt.

Waterisnowforcedtoruntothelowerreachesthrougha