北京地区成人学士学位英语统一考试真题及答案.docx

北京地区成人学士学位英语统一考试真题及答案.docx

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北京地区成人学士学位英语统一考试真题及答案

北京地区成人本科学士学位英语统一考试

2013.05

PartIReadingComprehensionDirections:

Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswersheet.

Isthat6a.m.workoutgettinginthewayofgoodsleep?

Don'tthinkyourfatcellswon'tnotice.AnewstudypublishedinTheAnnalsofInternalMedicine（amedicaljournal）findsthatin-adequateshut-eyehasaharmfuleffectonfatcells,reducingtheirabilitytorespondtoinsulin（胰岛素）byabout30percent.Overthelong-term,thisdecreasedresponsecouldsetthestagefortype-2diabetes（amedicalconditioninwhichsomeonehastoomuchsugarinhisorherblood）,fattyliverdiseaseandweightgain.

Thestudyaddstoagrowingbodyofevidencethatthere's"anintimaterelationshipbetweentheamountofsleepwegetandourabilitytomaintainagood,healthybodyweight,"sayssleepexpertHeleneEmsellem,directoroftheCenterforSleepandWakeDisordersinChevyChase,Maryland.（76）ButAmericansdon'tseemtobegettingthemessagethatweneedseventoninehourspernight.Morethen1in5ofus,accordingtoareportfromtheCentersforDiseaseControlandPrevention,isgettingsixorfewerhoursofsleeppernight,onaverage.

SohowdidresearchersstudyfatcellsintheAnnalspaper?

MatthewBradyoftheUniversityofChicagoandagroupofcolleaguesselectedandpersuadedsevenvolunteerstotakepartintheresearchproject.Theywereallyoung,thinandhealthyandagreedtosleepforeightnightsinasleeplab."Forfournightstheywereallowedtostayinbedfor8.5hoursanight,"saysBrady.Then,amonthlater,theycamebackforfouradditionalnights--butthistimetheywereallowedjust4.5hoursofsleeppernight.Andaftereachvisit,researchersgotasampleoftheirfat.（77）Bradyexplainsthatthefatcellsrespondedsignificantlytothelossofsleep."Iwasverysurprisedtobehonest,"hesays.

Badthingscanhappenwhenfatcellsbecomelessresponsivetoinsulin."Fatcellsareactuallyyourfriend,"h.esays."They'retheretostorelipids（血脂）."Whenlipidsstayinsidethecells,yourbodycanutilizethefatwhenyou'reexercisingorsleepingorgoingaboutyourday."However,whenfatcellsstarttobecomeinsulinresistant,thelipidsstarttoleachoutofthefatcellsandriseinthebloodstream,"Bradysays.

第1题单选Accordingtothepassage,lackofsleepforalongwhilecanprobablyleadtoallofthefollowingEXCEPT________

A.heartdiseaseB.weightgainC.DiabetesD.liverdisease

答案：

A

第2题Themainideaofthethirdparagraphis________

A.howtowriteamedicalresearchpaperB.howtoavoidsleeploss

C.howtheresearchwasconductedD.howtoconductamedicalexperiment

答案：

C

第3题Whatdoestheword"leach"inthelastparagraphprobablymean?

A.Leap.B.Lead.C.Lean.D.Leak.

答案：

D

第4题WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Wewillbeintroubleifourfatcellsbecomelessresponsivetoinsulin.

B.Moreandmorestudiesaredonetostudythelinkbetweensleepandweight.

C.Morethan20%ofAmericansarenotgettingenoughsleep.

D.Fatcellsaretheretohelpusmaintainagoodhealth,

答案：

D

第5题Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage?

A.PoorSleepMayLeadtoTooMuchStoredFatandDisease

B.SleepExpertsHadExcitingFindingsinaFatStudy

C.AmericansShouldHaveMoreThanSixHoursofSleep

D.BadThingsHappenifFatCellsBecomeOurFriend

答案：

B

Thetopoftheworldisawonderland.Inwinter,thetemperatureoftenfallsto-30~Fandthesunneverrises.Theoceanissurroundedbyfrozenground.Therearefewpeopleortrees,buttopolarbears,theArctic（北极）ishome.

（78）Polarbearshavethickfur,bigpawsandotherfeaturesthatmakethemwellpreparedforlifeintheirtoughenvironment.Infact,theyneedtheArcticseaiceforsurvival,Butclimatechangeiscausinglargerandlargerareasofsummerseaicetomelt（融化）.Expertssaythatifwarmingpatternscontinue,theArcticcouldbefreeofsummerseaiceby2050.Thatmaycausetwo-thirdsoftheword's20,000polarbearstobegonebythentoo.

Polarbearscan'tsurviveforlongonland.Sealsaretheirmainsourceoffood.Theonlyplacewherepolarbearscanhuntsealsisontheice.（79）Althoughthesebearsarestrongswimmers,theyarenomatchforlightningswirlsealsinthewater.Apolarbearhasbrilliantlycleverstrategiestoovercomethisdisadvantage.Inwinterthebearwaitsmotionlessbesideaseal'sbreathinghole,whichisanarrowtunnelthroughtheice.Oftenmanyhourspassbeforethesealcomesupforairandthcbearkillsitwithapowerfulblowofitspaw.Insummer,thepolarbearsthatliveonlandcatverylittleandwaitfortheseaicetoreturn.

Withtheseaiceforminglaterintheyearandmeltingearlier,polarbearsdonothaveenoughopportunitytohuntandeat.Lessseaicemakesitharderforthebearstocatchtheseals.Thebearsmustswimlongerdistancesbetweenicepacks（大片浮冰）,andtheycan'talwaysmakeit.Theiceisalsogettingthinner.Theseconditionscancausepolar-bearcubstobecomeseparatedfromtheirmothers,whoprovidethemwithfood.

StevenAmstrupisthechiefscientistofPolarBearInternational.Thegroupaimstosavethebearsandtheirhome."Themorepeoplewhoseepolarbearsandunderstandtheirdifficultsituations,thebetterthechancewe'11alterourwarmingpathintimetosavethem,"hesays.

第6题Whichisthebesttitleforthepassage?

A.ClimateChangeintheArcticB.HowtoProtecttheEnvironment

C.TheArcticIsHometoPolarBearsD.PolarBearsinDanger

答案：

D

第7题Wheredopolarbearsusuallyhuntseals?

A.Onland.B.Inopenwater.C.Inopeningsintheseaice.D.Atthebottomofthesea.

答案：

C

第8题Theword"cubs"inthefourthparagraphisclosestinmeaningto_______

A.AdultsB.babiesC.HuntersD.enemies

答案：

B

第9题Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?

A.Starvingpolarbearsareincreasinglycomingintovillages,wheretheymaybekilledeitherforfoodorsafety.

B.Polarbearscanspendtheirentirelivesonlandiftheseaicemeltscompletely.

C.Two-thirdsoftheworld'spolarbearsmaydisappearby2050asglobalwarmingcontinues.

D.Thegrowingdistancebetweenicepacksisnotaproblemforpolarbears,becausetheyareexcellentswimmers.

答案：

C

第10题What'sthemissionofPolarBearsInternational?

A.Savingenergy.B.Conductingscientificresearch.

C.Seekinginternationalcooperation.D.Savingpolarbearsandtheirhome.

答案：

D

Imagineaschoolthatexpecteditsstudentstobecomeliterate（有读写能力的）withoutanyformalinstruction.Mostparentswouldbealarmedbysuchanapproach,whichwouldleavetheirchildrenconfusedandwithgapsintheirunderstanding.Thishoweverhasbeenthephilosophyoncharacterdevelopmentinmanyofourschools.Whyisthedevelopmentofcharacterseenassome-howdifferentfromtheotherskillsthatweteach?

Ofcoursetherewillalwaysbelearningbyosmosis（耳濡目染）inanyschool,butasateacherandprimaryschoolheadIhavefoundthatachild'smoralliteracyisstrengthenedwhentheyacquirethebuildingblocksofgoodcharactersuchasconsideration,courageandhonor:

qualitieswhicharecommonlyknownasvirtue（美德）.

Ipersonallyfindthatexploringavirtueoveratwo-weekperiodprovidesasimpleandeffectiveprogramthatallowsforthecreativeinputofbothteacherandstudentandachanceforthevirtuetoembed（使融入）itself.Oncealessononavirtuesuchashonestyhasbeencompletedweneedto

allowtimeforchildrentopracticethisconceptjustaswouldbethecasewithfractionsorverbs.

Allowingchildrentoroleplayasituationsuchasmakingupexcusestocoveramistakecanbeenormouslyinteresting,andthedramacanbefrozenallowingthecharacterstobequestionedabouttheirfeelingsandmotives.（80）It'salsoasafewayforchildrentoexperienceforthemselveshowalieusuallygoesoutofcontrol.

Ourroleaseducatorsisalsotolookforopportunitiestohelpourstudentsastheyattempttostrengthentheircharacters.Whensomethinggoeswrongweguidetheyoungpersontothevirtuethatwillpreventitfromhappeningagain.Forinstance,whenastudentthoughtlesslydisturbsthecalmatmosphereofthelibrary,insteadofaresponsesuchas,"thatwasreallydisrespectfulandselfishofyou!

"wedrawoutfromthemtherequiredvirtue:

"Whenyou'rewalkingthoughthelibrary,whatvirtuesdoyouneedtouse?

"

第11题Whichofthefollowingisthemainideaofthispassage?

A.Teachingmoralsandvalueshasbeenafrequentlydiscussedtopicinthepastfewyears.

B.Theauthorandhisstaffembedvirtuesintolessonsandschoollifetoencouragecharacterdevelopmentinchildren.

C.Kidsthroughoutthepopulationfacethesameneeds,thesamechallenges,andthesamerealitiesintheirlives.

D.RoleplaysareanexcellentwayofgettingstudentstopracticetheirEnglish.

答案：

B

第12题Wecaninferfromthefirstparagraphthat_______

A.theretendstobedisagreementaboutwhatcharactereducationis

B.mostparentsarenotsatisfiedwiththeteachingmethodsadoptedinschools

C.theapproachtocharactereducationisgenerallyconsidereddifferentfromtheapproachestootherskills

D.moreandmoreschoolsareadoptingstrategiestoimproveschoolattendance

答案：

C

第13题Theword"philosophy"inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto._______

A.studyB.SubjectC.viewpointD.investigation

答案：

C

第14题Theauthorisa________

A.TeacherB.librarianC.ReporterD.manager

答案：

A

第15题WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedinthepassageasawaytobuild