届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文话题10篇训练之二十六14页word版.docx

届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文话题10篇训练之二十六14页word版.docx

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届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文话题10篇训练之二十六14页word版

2019届二轮复习阅读理解专题说明文话题10篇训练之二十六

[一]

Doyouknowhowitiswhenyouseesomeoneyawnandyoustartyawningtoo?

Orhowharditistobeamongpeoplelaughingandnotlaughyourself?

Well,apparentlyit'sbecausewehavemirrorneurons（#l13/）inourbrains.

Putsimply,theexistenceofmirrorneuronssuggeststhateverytimeweseesomeoneelsedosomething.ourbrainimitate（模仿）it,whetherornotweactuallyperformthesameaction.Thisexplainsagreatdealabouthowwelearntosmile,talk,walk,danceorplaysports.Buttheideagoesfurther:

mirrorneuronsnotonlyappeartoexplainphysicalactions,theyalsotellusthatthereisabiologicalbasisforthewayweunderstandotherpeople.

Mirrorneuronscanundoubtedlybefoundalloverourbrains,butespeciallyintheareaswhichrelatetoourabilitytouselanguages,andtounderstandhowotherpeoplefeel.Researchershavefoundthatmirrorneuronsrelatestronglytolanguage.Agroupofresearchersdiscoveredthatiftheygavepeoplesentencestolistento（forexample:

"Thehandtookholdoftheball"）.thesamemirrorneuronsweretriggeredaswhentheactionwasactuallyperformed（inthisexample.actuallytakingholdofaball）.

Anyproblemswithmirrorneuronsmaywellresultinproblemswithbehavior.Muchresearchsuggeststhatpeoplewithsocialandbehavioralproblemshavemirrorneuronswhicharenotfullyfunctioning.However,itisnotyetknownexactlyhowthesediscoveriesmighthelpfindtreatmentsforsocialdisorders.

ResearchintomirrorneuronsseemstoprovideuswithevermoreinformationconcerninghowhumansbehaveandInteract（互动）.Indeed,itmayturnouttobetheequivalent（相等物）forneuroscienceofwhatEinstein'stheoryofrelativitywasforphysics.Andthenexttimeyoufeeltheurgetocoughinthecinemawhensomeoneelsedoes—wellperhapsyou'llunderstandwhy.

29.Theunderlinedword"triggered"inthethirdparagraphprobablymeans"".

A.setoff.Bcutoff.C.builtup.D.brokenup.

30.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatmirrorneurons

A.determineourknowledgeandlanguageabilities.

B.controlhumanphysicalactionsandfeelings.

C.resultinbadbehaviorandsocialdisorders.

D.relatetohumanbehaviorandinteraction.

31.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Functionsofmirrorneurons.B.Problemofmirrorneurons.

C.Existenceofmirrorneurons.D.Waystofindmirrorneurons.

参考答案：

29.A30.D31.A

[二]

ManyofusloveJulybecauseit’sthemonthwhennature’sberriesandstonefruitsareinabundance.ThesecolourfulandsweetjewelsfromBritishColumbia’sfieldsarelittlepowerhousesofnutritionalprotection.

Ofthecommonberries,strawberriesarehighestinvitaminC,although,becauseoftheirseeds,raspberriescontainalittlemoreprotein（蛋白质）,ironandzinc（notthatfruitshavemuchprotein）.Blueberriesareparticularlyhighinantioxidants（抗氧化物质）.TheyellowandorangestonefruitssuchaspeachesarehighinthecarotenoidsweturnintovitaminAandwhichareantioxidants.Asforcherries（樱桃）,theyaresodeliciouswhocares?

However,theyarerichinvitaminC.

Whencombinedwithberriesofslicesofotherfruits,frozenbananasmakeanexcellentbaseforthick,coolingfruitshakesandlowfat“icecream”.Forthispurpose,selectripebananasforfreezingastheyaremuchsweeter.Removetheskinandplacetheminplasticbagsorcontainersandfreeze.Ifyoulike,asqueezeoffreshlemonjuiceonthebananaswillpreventthemturningbrown.Frozenbananaswilllastseveralweeks,dependingontheirripenessandthetemperatureofthefreezer.

Ifyouhaveajuicer,youcansimplyfeedinfrozenbananasandsomeberriesorslicedfruit.Outcomesa“soft-serve”creamydessert,tobeeatenrightaway.Thismakesafunactivityforachildren’sparty;theylovefeedingthefruitandfrozenbananasintothetopofthemachineandwatchingtheicecreamcomeoutbelow.

28.Whatdoestheauthorseemtolikeaboutcherries?

A.Theycontainprotein.B.TheyarehighinvitaminA.

C.Theyhaveapleasanttaste.D.Theyarerichinantioxidants.

29.Whyisfreshlemonjuiceusedinfreezingbananas?

A.Tomakethemsmellbetter.B.Tokeeptheircolour.

C.Tospeeduptheirripening.D.Toimprovetheirnutrition.

30..Whatis“ajuicer”inthelastparagraph?

A.Adessert.B.Adrink.

C.Acontainer.D.Amachine.

31.Fromwhichisthetextprobablytaken?

A.Abiologytextbook.B.Ahealthmagazine.

C.Aresearchpaper.D.Atravelbrochure.

参考答案：

28---31CBDB

[三]

Ifyouwanttobeavolunteer,youhavetoanswerthefollowingtypicalquestions.Doyouwanttoworkwithpeople,animalsormachines?

Doyouwanttoworkindoorsoroutdoors,directlyservepeopleinneedorservepeoplebehindthescenes?

Everyyear,thousandsofpeopleinthewestoffervolunteerservice.Volunteeringgreatlystrengthensthecommunitybecauseithelpstheold,theyoung,theweak,thesick,andthedisabledandtheinjuredtosolveproblems.

Volunteersusuallyhelpinmanydifferentways.Theymaygivepeopleadvice,offerfriendshiptotheyoung,drivetheelderlytochurch（ifuptothedrivingage）,advisekidsagainstdrugs,workasassistantsinschoolsornursinghomes,raisefunds,planttrees,helpoutinlocallibrariesanddomanyotherthings.Volunteeringcanbeafewhoursaweekorafewhoursamonth.Anybodywhowantstoservepeopleinneedcanbecomeavolunteer.

Infact,theartofvolunteeringisaprocessofbothgivingandreceiving.Volunteeringallowsvolunteerstomeetnewpeople,makenewfriendsandmixwithpeoplefromallwalksoflife.Volunteeringisanexcellentwaytoexperimentandtryoutnewtechniquesandskills,discoveryourindividualtalentsandexplorecareerchoice.Beingavolunteerwilltakeyouonawonderfuljourneyandhelpyoulearnmorethanwhatyoucangetfrombooks.

25.Asavolunteer,onlywhenyougrowoldenoughcanyou_______.

A.planttreesonhillsB.giveadvicetoothers

C.drivetheelderlytochurchD.helpoutinlocallibraries

26.Howisthesecondparagraphmainlydeveloped?

A.Bydiscussing.B.Bycomparing.

C.Bygivingexplanations.D.Bylistingexamples.

27.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethattobeavolunteer,_______.

A.youcandoexperimentsB.youcangetsomethingvaluable

C.youneedtoworkverylongD.youmustbeverystrong

28.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.VolunteerServiceintheWestB.HowtoHuntforJobs

C.HowtoMakeFriendsD.HowtoWorkwithAnimals

参考答案：

25-28CDBA

[四]

SirJohnGurdon,aBritishscientist,whowontheNobelPrizeinPhysiologyorMedicinein2012,saidhehadpredictedatthetimeofhisfrogexperimentsthatthesuccessfulcloningofamammalwouldhappenwithin50years,andthat

“maybethesameanswerisappropriate”forthesteptohumancloning.Parentswholosechildreninaccidentsmaybeabletoclone“copies”toreplacethemthen.

Althoughanyattempttocloneanentirehumanwouldraisecomplexmoralissues,thebiologistclaimedpeoplewouldsoonovercometheirconcernsifthetechniquebecamemedicallyuseful.CloningwasregardedwithextremedoubtswhenitwasfirstdevelopedbutbecamewidelyacceptedafterthebirthofLouiseBrown,thefirst“testtubebaby”.Hesaid,“Whenmyfirstfrogexperimentsweredone,anAmericanreporteraskedhowlongitwouldbebeforethesethingscouldbedoneinmammalsorhumans.Isaid,’Well,itcouldbeanytimebetween10yearsand100years—howabout50years？

’Itturnedoutthatitwasn’tfaroffthemarkasfarasDollywasconcerned.Maybethesameanswerisappropriate.”SirJohnaddedthatcloningahumanbeingeffectivelymeansmakinganidenticaltwin,anddoctorswouldthereforesimplybe“copyingwhatnaturehasalreadyproduced”．

Theaveragevoteonallowingparentsofdeceasedchildren,whoarenolongerfertile（能生育的）,tocreateanotherbyusingthemother’seggsandskincellsfromthefirstchild,thinkingthetechniquewassafeandeffective,is60percentinfavor.Thereasonsfor“no”areusuallythatthenewchildrenwouldfeeltheyaresomesortofreplacementsforsomething.

33．SirJohnpredictedthehumancloningwouldbearealityin________atmost.

A．about100years　　　B．about50years

C．about60yearsD．about10years

34．Accordingtothetext,whichstatementisNOTtrue?

A．Humancloningiscreatingsomethingthatdidn’texistbefore.

B．Humancloningisstillacontroversialtopic.

C．SirJohnispositiveaboutthefutureofhumancloning.

D．LouiseBrownisthefirst“testtubebaby”．

35．Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________.

A．mostpeoplecastdoubtonJohn’sexperiments

B．humancloningisandwillbeonlyadream

C．humancloningmayberealizedsomeday

D．fewchildrenlovetobeclonedinthefuture

参考答案：

33-35．BAC

[五]

PhillipIslandisasmallislandandnaturereserveoffthecoastofSouthAustralia,about140kmfromMelbourne.Ontheislandyoucanseekoalas,kangaroosandthemainattraction,thePenguinParade（归巢）onSummerlandBeach.

Asduskwasapproaching,wemadeourwaydowntothebeach,asdideveryoneelse.Onthebeachwasastonegrandstand,rathercoldonthebehind,sobringacoatorblankettositon.Asitgotdarker,peopletalkedless,keepinganeyeoutonthebeachtoseethearrivalofthatfirstpenguin.

Suddenlytherewasmovementattheedgeofthesurfandallheadsturnedasone.There,standingbytheedgeofthewaterwasthesmallestpenguinwehadeverseen.Helookedleft,thenright,asifhewasconsideringcrossingabusyroadandthenheranquicklyacrosstothesanddunesandthepenguinholes.

Hemusthavebeenthescout（侦查员）,becauseafterhim,therecamegroupsofpenguins,someconsistedo